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'File A/9 I Bahrain Order in Council' [109r] (236/536)
The record is made up of 1 volume (258 folios). It was created in 2 Dec 1895-31 Oct 1918. It was written in English and Arabic. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
15
3rie:
in force,
.or^
(h.) Por securing the observance of any Treaty for the time beino-
relating to any place within the limits of this Order, or of any native or local law ui
custom, whether relating to trade, commerce, revenue, or any other matter.
- (c.) For applying, amending, modifying, or repealing with respect to Bahrein any
Acts or enactments which apply, or are made applicable or have been brought into
„ operation in Bahrein by or under any of the provisions of Article 11 of this Order.
^ • (d.) For regulating or preventing the importation or exportation in British ships
or by any person to whom this Order applies of arms or munitions of war, or any parts
or ingredients thereof, and for giving effect to any Treaty relating to the importation or
^ exportation of the same.
(p.) For requiring Returns to be made of the nature, quantity, and value of
; s < articles exported from or imported into Bahrein, by or on account of any person to
^ whom this Order applies or in any British ship, and for prescribing the times and
!11 ? manner at or in which, and the persons by whom, such Returns are to be made.
(/.) For the governance, visitation, care, and superintendence of prisons.
'li
79—(i,) Any liegulations made under the preceding Article may provide for
t I forfeiture of any goods, receptacles, or things in relation to which, or to the contents
; of which, any breach is committed of such Regulations, or of any Treaty or any
native or local law or custom, the observance of which is provided for by such
Regulations.
• (2.) Any person to whom this Order applies committing a breach of any such
' Eegulations shall, in addition to any forfeiture prescribed thereby, be liable, on
conviction, to imprisonment for a period not exceeding three months, or to a fine, or
to both.
(13.) Any fine imposed for a breach of Regulation shall not exceed 1,500
rupees
Indian silver coin also widely used in the Persian Gulf.
:
provided that in the case of any breach of any native or local law relating to customs
law, or under which the importation or exportation of any goods is prohibited or
restricted, the fine may extend to a sum equivalent to treble the value of the goods in
relation to which the breach is committed.
80—(1.) King's Regulations shall not take effect until they are allowed by a
Secretary of State, or, with his previous or subsequent assent, by the Governor-General
of India" in Council: provided that in case of urgency declared many such Regulations
the same shall take effect before such allowance, and shall continue to have ettect
unless and until they are disallowed by the Secretary of State, or, with his previous or
subsequent assent, by the Governor -General of India in Council, an uni no i ica ion
of such disallowance is received and published by the Politica esi en , anc .
disallowance shall be without prejudice to anything done oi su erec un
Regulations in the meantime. , , , -n -1™+ cnnli
(t) All King's Regulations shall be published by the
Political Resident
A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency.
m
manner and at such places as he may think proper. „ . , , nf nr>v
(3.) In this Order "breach of the llcsulat.ons" mcludes the
native or local law or custom, the observance ol \\liicn is req * D
llcgidation^iciai ^ ^ ^ of Order -d of the „ncement t^
and of the appointment of the ^ ' p 0 V j and of the
Assistant, and of the constitution and limits of t ie 0U1 ^ rc g un( j er this
seals and signatures, and of any Rules and Regulations made oi in force under
Order, and no proof shall be required of any or sue i ma ers. ., , officer
82. Nothing in this Order shall deprive the ^ ° ^
subordinate to him, of the right to observe, an o en ^ ^ jj a hr e in, unless
deprive any person of the benefit of a "^e a ®°^^ e "^jvisiou incompatible with the
this Order contains some express and spec ]
observance thereof.
83. Nothing in this Order shall _ a f f +] p
(i.) Affect any power or 3^ isdic ^ on J||^ and Extra-
Governor-General of India in Council, entl ^ Tndiau (Foreign Jurdisdiction) Order
ditioa Act, 1879 (Act XXI of 1879), or in the Indian ^orei 0
in Council, 1902; or _ liein „ exercisable by the Political
(u.) Affect any .lunsdiction fo \ the p om v n Jurisdiction Act, 1890 ; or
Resident uuder any Imperial Act otbci tl • . r nv thin<' whicb His Majesty s
(iii.) Prevent the
Political Agent
A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency.
from are for the time
consuls in the dominions of any State in amity with Ills Majesty
consuls m tne dominions or a-uy fn do
^ n gj by law, usage, or sufferance, entitle or
r ■
i 1 !
About this item
- Content
The volume’s correspondence and other papers concern the implementation of an Order of Council in Bahrain. The principal correspondents in the file are the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. and the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. in Bahrain, each post being held by a number of different representatives throughout the period covered by the volume.
The first item in the volume is a letter sent from Major Ramsay, British Consul-General in Baghdad, to Major Percy Cox, Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. , dated 9 March 1907. The letter concerns the jurisdiction in Bahrain over American citizens based at the American Missionary, particularly in relation to births, deaths and the disposal of estates (folio 1g). This enquiry was symptomatic of raised concerns over where jurisdiction lay in relation to the increasing number of foreign nationals in Bahrain. In a letter dated 6 April 1907 the Bahrain Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. , Captain Francis Prideaux, wrote to Cox, outlining the judiciary requirement he believed that he, as Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. , should have. These included the authority of a district magistrate in criminal matters, consular authority in notarial and shipping duties, and the power of vice-admiralty (folios 3-8).
Application was consequently made for an Order in Council A regulation issued by the sovereign of the United Kingdom on the advice of the Privy Council. in Bahrain, via Cox, in his capacity as Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. , to the Government of India, the Secretary of State for India, and the Foreign Secretary. In May 1909, John Morley, the Secretary of State for India, wrote to the Governor General of India, stating that, in light of increasing German activity in the Gulf, the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. in Bahrain was authorised to approach the ruler of Bahrain, Shaikh ‘Īsá bin ‘Alī Āl Khalīfah, with a view to him ceding responsibility for foreign nationals in his dominions to the British Government (folios 50-52). This responsibility was duly granted to the British (folios 63-64), though not, according to Captain Charles Mackenzie, then Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. in Bahrain, without some reluctance on the part of Shaikh ‘Īsá (folios 65-66).
Subsequent correspondence deals with some of the finer points of the wording of the Order in Council A regulation issued by the sovereign of the United Kingdom on the advice of the Privy Council. , with particular attention being paid by officials to the status of foreign nationals in Bahrain, including their registration with the Political Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. , and the legal ability to deport them if necessary. A draft copy of the Order in Council A regulation issued by the sovereign of the United Kingdom on the advice of the Privy Council. , dated, 1912, is included in the volume (folios 100-112). The unrest and disruption caused by the First World War in the Gulf, repeatedly delayed the introduction of the Order in Council A regulation issued by the sovereign of the United Kingdom on the advice of the Privy Council. . On 7 May 1917 the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. Captain Percy Loch wrote to the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. , Major Arthur Trevor, suggesting that, in view of recent developments in the conflict in Europe, and the entry into the war of the United States of America, the present time might be a prudent one to implement the Order in Council A regulation issued by the sovereign of the United Kingdom on the advice of the Privy Council. . In his letter Loch described how Turkish withdrawal from the Gulf, the independence of Bin Saud [Ibn Sa‘ūd], and formal British relations with the Shaikh of Qatar, would impact upon the treatment of certain foreign nationals in Bahrain (folios 232-35). Trevor rejected Loch’s proposal, and in May 1918, the introduction of the Order in Council A regulation issued by the sovereign of the United Kingdom on the advice of the Privy Council. in Bahrain was postponed once more, until February 1919 (folio 248).
Amongst the discussions over Bahrain’s Order in Council A regulation issued by the sovereign of the United Kingdom on the advice of the Privy Council. , the appointment of a judicial assistant for the Political Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. was discussed (folios 189-94, 243-44, 249-51), as was the existing khidmah system of revenue collection (a ten per cent judicial fee payable to the Sheikh of Bahrain's treasury). A Statement of khidmah for the years 1912 to 1916 is included on folio 227.
- Extent and format
- 1 volume (258 folios)
- Arrangement
The contents of the volume have been arranged in approximate chronological order, from the earliest items at the front of the volume, to the latest at the end.
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: The volume is foliated from the front cover to the inside back cover, using blue pencil numbers located in the top-right corner of each recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. . A few folio numbers, chiefly at the front and end of the volume, are in black pencil. The following foliation anomalies occur: 1a-1g.
The following folios are fold-outs: 60, 226, 227.
- Written in
- English and Arabic in Latin and Arabic script View the complete information for this record
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Copyright: How to use this content
- Reference
- IOR/R/15/2/6
- Title
- 'File A/9 I Bahrain Order in Council'
- Pages
- front, back, spine, edge, head, tail, front-i, 1ar:1gv, 2r:63r, 64r:125v, 126v:258v, back-i
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence