Skip to item: of 536
Information about this record Back to top
Open in Universal viewer
Open in Mirador IIIF viewer

'File A/9 I Bahrain Order in Council' [‎108v] (235/536)

This item is part of

The record is made up of 1 volume (258 folios). It was created in 2 Dec 1895-31 Oct 1918. It was written in English and Arabic. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .

Transcription

This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.

Apply page layout

14
(2 } Any bill of sale or mortgage, or transfer of property, made with the view of
avoiding such seizure or sale, shall noi be effectual to defeat the provisions of this Order.
(8 ) All fees, penalties, fines, and forfeitures levied under this Order upon a British
subject, and fees, other than actual Court fees, that may be levied under the
provisions of this Order, on a person to whom this Order applies, shall be paid to the
public account, and shall be applied in such manner as the Secretary of State,-with the
consent of the Treasury, or, with the previous or subsequent assent of the Secretary of
State, as the Governor-General of India in Council, may direct,
71. "Whenever an Acting Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. or Acting Judicial Assistant has
commenced the hearing of any cause or matter, ci\il oi ciiminal, he may, unless the
Political Kesident otherwise directs, continue and complete the hearing and deter
mination thereof, notwithstanding that his authority to act as Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. or
Judicial Assistant, has otherwise "ceased by reason of the expiration of the time fo#
which he was appointed to act, or by reason of the happening of any event by which
his authority is determined.
72.—(1.) If an officer of the Court, employed to execute a decree or order, loses,
by neglect or omission, the opportunity of executing it, then, on complaint of the
person aggrieved and proof of the fact alleged, the Court may, if it thinks fit,
order the officer to pay the damages sustained by the person complaining, or part
thereof.
(2.) The order may be enforced as an order directing payment of money,
73.—(1.) If a clerk or officer of the Court, acting under pretence of the process
or authority of the Court, is charged with extortion, or with not paying over money
duly levied, or with other misconduct, the Court may, if it thinks fit, inquire into the
charge in a summary way, and may for that purpose summon and enforce the
attendance of all necessary persons as in a suit, and may make such order for the
repayment of any money extorted, or for the payment over of any money levied, and
for the payment of such damages and costs as the Court thinks fit.
(2.) The Court may also, if it thinks fit, on the same inquiry, impose on the
clerk or officer such fine, not exceeding 50 rupees Indian silver coin also widely used in the Persian Gulf. for each offence, as the Court
thinks fit.
(3.) A clerk or officer punished under this Article shall not, without the leave
of the Court, be liable to a civil suit in respect of the same matter; and any such suit,
if already or afterwards begun, may be stayed by the Court in such manner and on
such terms as the Court thinks fit.
(4.) Nothing in this Article shall be deemed to prevent any person from being
prosecuted under any other British or British Endian law for any act or omission
punishable under this Article, or from being liable under that other law to any other
or higher punishment or penalty than that provided by this Article:
Provided that no person shall be punished twice for the same offence.
74. Hie Political Hesident or the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. mav exercise any power
conferred on any Justices of the Peace within His Majesty's dominions by any Act of
Parliament, for the time being in force, regulating merchant seamen or the mercantile
marine.
/o. TV here under the Merchant Shipping Act, 1891, anything is authorised to be
done by, to, or before a Consular officer, such thing may be done in any place in
Bahrein by, to, or before the Political Hesident, or the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. .
70. The 1 olitical Resident and the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. shall each be entitled in
Bahrein to act as a Notary Public.
i7. The Court shall have jurisdiction from time to time to make an order
requning a person to whom this Order applies to contribute in such manner as the
Court directs, to tne support of his wife, or to the support of his or her child, whether
egitimate oi not, being, in the opinion of the Court, under the age of 16 years. Any
such order may be made in a summary way, as if the neglect to provide for the
support of such wife or child were an offence, and any failure to comply with any
sue i order shall be deemed to be an offence, and shall be punishable with a fine not
exceeding 10 rupees Indian silver coin also widely used in the Persian Gulf. for any one default, and the Court may direct any penalty
imposed for such offence to be applied for the support of such wife or child in such
manner as the Court thinks fit.
/8. The Pohtical ilesident shall have power to make Regulations (to be called
' 0 ^ e & ulatlons ) for the following purposes (that is to say)
mnlils'L^rpl"atinn P eace » order, and good government of persons to whom this Order
applies m relation to matters not provided for bv this Order,
King s

About this item

Content

The volume’s correspondence and other papers concern the implementation of an Order of Council in Bahrain. The principal correspondents in the file are the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. and the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. in Bahrain, each post being held by a number of different representatives throughout the period covered by the volume.

The first item in the volume is a letter sent from Major Ramsay, British Consul-General in Baghdad, to Major Percy Cox, Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. , dated 9 March 1907. The letter concerns the jurisdiction in Bahrain over American citizens based at the American Missionary, particularly in relation to births, deaths and the disposal of estates (folio 1g). This enquiry was symptomatic of raised concerns over where jurisdiction lay in relation to the increasing number of foreign nationals in Bahrain. In a letter dated 6 April 1907 the Bahrain Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. , Captain Francis Prideaux, wrote to Cox, outlining the judiciary requirement he believed that he, as Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. , should have. These included the authority of a district magistrate in criminal matters, consular authority in notarial and shipping duties, and the power of vice-admiralty (folios 3-8).

Application was consequently made for an Order in Council A regulation issued by the sovereign of the United Kingdom on the advice of the Privy Council. in Bahrain, via Cox, in his capacity as Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. , to the Government of India, the Secretary of State for India, and the Foreign Secretary. In May 1909, John Morley, the Secretary of State for India, wrote to the Governor General of India, stating that, in light of increasing German activity in the Gulf, the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. in Bahrain was authorised to approach the ruler of Bahrain, Shaikh ‘Īsá bin ‘Alī Āl Khalīfah, with a view to him ceding responsibility for foreign nationals in his dominions to the British Government (folios 50-52). This responsibility was duly granted to the British (folios 63-64), though not, according to Captain Charles Mackenzie, then Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. in Bahrain, without some reluctance on the part of Shaikh ‘Īsá (folios 65-66).

Subsequent correspondence deals with some of the finer points of the wording of the Order in Council A regulation issued by the sovereign of the United Kingdom on the advice of the Privy Council. , with particular attention being paid by officials to the status of foreign nationals in Bahrain, including their registration with the Political Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. , and the legal ability to deport them if necessary. A draft copy of the Order in Council A regulation issued by the sovereign of the United Kingdom on the advice of the Privy Council. , dated, 1912, is included in the volume (folios 100-112). The unrest and disruption caused by the First World War in the Gulf, repeatedly delayed the introduction of the Order in Council A regulation issued by the sovereign of the United Kingdom on the advice of the Privy Council. . On 7 May 1917 the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. Captain Percy Loch wrote to the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. , Major Arthur Trevor, suggesting that, in view of recent developments in the conflict in Europe, and the entry into the war of the United States of America, the present time might be a prudent one to implement the Order in Council A regulation issued by the sovereign of the United Kingdom on the advice of the Privy Council. . In his letter Loch described how Turkish withdrawal from the Gulf, the independence of Bin Saud [Ibn Sa‘ūd], and formal British relations with the Shaikh of Qatar, would impact upon the treatment of certain foreign nationals in Bahrain (folios 232-35). Trevor rejected Loch’s proposal, and in May 1918, the introduction of the Order in Council A regulation issued by the sovereign of the United Kingdom on the advice of the Privy Council. in Bahrain was postponed once more, until February 1919 (folio 248).

Amongst the discussions over Bahrain’s Order in Council A regulation issued by the sovereign of the United Kingdom on the advice of the Privy Council. , the appointment of a judicial assistant for the Political Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. was discussed (folios 189-94, 243-44, 249-51), as was the existing khidmah system of revenue collection (a ten per cent judicial fee payable to the Sheikh of Bahrain's treasury). A Statement of khidmah for the years 1912 to 1916 is included on folio 227.

Extent and format
1 volume (258 folios)
Arrangement

The contents of the volume have been arranged in approximate chronological order, from the earliest items at the front of the volume, to the latest at the end.

Physical characteristics

Foliation: The volume is foliated from the front cover to the inside back cover, using blue pencil numbers located in the top-right corner of each recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. . A few folio numbers, chiefly at the front and end of the volume, are in black pencil. The following foliation anomalies occur: 1a-1g.

The following folios are fold-outs: 60, 226, 227.

Written in
English and Arabic in Latin and Arabic script
View the complete information for this record

Use and share this item

Share this item
Cite this item in your research

'File A/9 I Bahrain Order in Council' [‎108v] (235/536), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/R/15/2/6, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100023489038.0x000024> [accessed 29 March 2025]

Link to this item
Embed this item

Copy and paste the code below into your web page where you would like to embed the image.

<meta charset="utf-8"><a href="https://www.qdl.qa/en/archive/81055/vdc_100023489038.0x000024">'File A/9 I Bahrain Order in Council' [&lrm;108v] (235/536)</a>
<a href="https://www.qdl.qa/en/archive/81055/vdc_100023489038.0x000024">
	<img src="https://iiif.qdl.qa/iiif/images/81055/vdc_100000000193.0x0002e5/IOR_R_15_2_6_0236.jp2/full/!280,240/0/default.jpg" alt="" />
</a>
IIIF details

This record has a IIIF manifest available as follows. If you have a compatible viewer you can drag the icon to load it.https://www.qdl.qa/en/iiif/81055/vdc_100000000193.0x0002e5/manifestOpen in Universal viewerOpen in Mirador viewerMore options for embedding images

Use and reuse
Download this image