!['SUMMARY OF THE PRINCIPAL EVENTS AND MEASURES OF THE VICEROYALTY OF HIS EXCELLENCY LORD CURZON OF KEDLESTON, VICEROY AND GOVERNOR-GENERAL OF INDIA IN THE FOREIGN DEPARTMENT. I. JANUARY 1899-APRIL 1904. II. DECEMBER 1904-NOVEMBER 1905. VOLUME IV. PERSIA AND THE PERSIAN GULF.' [‎73r] (150/386)](https://iiif.qdl.qa/iiif/images/81055/vdc_100000001491.0x000064/Mss Eur F111_532_0150.jp2/full/!1200,1200/0/default.jpg "'SUMMARY OF THE PRINCIPAL EVENTS AND MEASURES OF THE VICEROYALTY OF HIS EXCELLENCY LORD CURZON OF KEDLESTON, VICEROY AND GOVERNOR-GENERAL OF INDIA IN THE FOREIGN DEPARTMENT. I. JANUARY 1899-APRIL 1904. II. DECEMBER 1904-NOVEMBER 1905. VOLUME IV. PERSIA AND THE PERSIAN GULF.' [‎73r] (150/386)")
'SUMMARY OF THE PRINCIPAL EVENTS AND MEASURES OF THE VICEROYALTY OF HIS EXCELLENCY LORD CURZON OF KEDLESTON, VICEROY AND GOVERNOR-GENERAL OF INDIA IN THE FOREIGN DEPARTMENT. I. JANUARY 1899-APRIL 1904. II. DECEMBER 1904-NOVEMBER 1905. VOLUME IV. PERSIA AND THE PERSIAN GULF.' [73r] (150/386)
The record is made up of 1 volume (189 folios). It was created in 1907. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
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47
about the objection which the Sheikh entertained to accepting at Mohammerah
a Belgian Customs official, in whom he saw a tool of llussia and the thin end
of the’wedge for the destruction of Arab autonomy. Sir A. Hardinge, however,
advised him to accept the demands of the Tehran authorities, subject to certain
conditions, and, finally, in May 1902 the Sheikh's Agent arranged an agreement
with the Persian Government 1 , which hound him to accept a Persian custom
house at Mohammerah, with a Belgian assistant, hut recognised the Sheikh as
head of the customs. At this stage, it must be understood, the opinion of the
Government of India was not invited by the British Minister or His Majesty’s
Government, and Lord Curzon viewed the admission of the Belgians into Moham
merah with misgiving and alarm. The written agreement concluded with the
Sheikh’s Envoy, was seen in the original by Mr. Grahame at the British Legation,
hut its existence was denied by the Grand Vizier in December 1902, the Agent
continued to urge that His Majesty’s Government should give the Sheikh an
assurance of protection similar to that accorded to Sheikh Mubarak of Kovveit,
explaining that he was not afraid of the Persian Government, hut that he
wished, in view of the possible break-up of Persia at no distant date, to feel
that the position of the Mohammerah Arabs was secured.
G. On 17th September 1902 Mr. desGraz, His Majesty's Charge d’Affaires
at Tehran, acting on instructions from Lord Lansdowne, addressed the Mushir-
ed-dowleh, saving that His Majesty's Government had heard of an “ agree
ment ” having been concluded between the Persian Government and the
Sheikh of Mohammerah respecting the establishment of customs, and, after
reminding him of the various promises made by the Persian Government
about the exclusion of the customs of Southern Persia from foreign control
and of the Shah’s pledge not to take any steps of importance, where British
interests wore concerned, before consulting the British Government, ended by
asking to be officially informed of the exact conditions of the agreement in
question.
7. In his reply on 7th October 1902, the Mushir-el-Dowleh took exception
to the word “ agreement " being applied to the relations between the Persian
Government and one of its officials, like Sheikh Khazal ot Mohammerah, and
Mr. desGraz’s question remained unanswered.
S. On 23rd November 1902, Sir A. Hardinge telegraphed to Lord
Lansdowne, saving that, unless wo could give the Sheikh real confidence in our
strength and resolution, Russian influence would very shortly he supreme and
active at Mohammenh. The recent appointment of a Russian Consul in that
place, he added, there being absolutely no pretence of Russian trade, had an
unmistakable significance, and on the same date he telegraphed to the Viceroy
asking for his assistance in impressing on His Majesty s Government the neces
sity for promising the Sheikh the support for which he aske .
9 Thus appealed to, Lord Curzon had no hesitation in lending the
weight of his authority to Sir A.
Lord Curzon’s opinion. Hardinge’s general position, and in tele
graphing to the Secretary of State on 26th November 1902, he said that to
our failure to support those chiefs and officials who are well disposed to us must
ho attributed in a large measure our weakness m Persia and that the khei v i
of Mohammerah is specially entitled to our support and that above all other
regions in southern Persia where foreign competition and intrigue against
British interests require vigilant safe-guarding is the month ot the karun.
10 On 2Gth November 1902, Lord Lansdowne telegraphed to Sii A.
Hardinge in reply to the latter’s telegram
Lord Lansdowne’s opinion. of the 23rd November that there were
obvious objections to a personal guarantee that the British Government would
prevent the Persian Government from diminishing the Sheikh s authority or
otherwise causing him trouble, and that it was not desirable to place him in
the position of being able to call upon us to support him both by land and
sea in the event of a threat from Persia with Russia behind her. On the
other hand, Lord Lansdowne added we should certainly not acquiesce m the
seizure of Mohammerah by Russia upon any pretext.
About this item
- Content
Printed at the GC [Government Central] Press, Simla.
The volume is divided into three parts: Part I (folios 5-47) containing an introduction; Part II (folios 48-125) containing a detailed account; and Part III (folios 126-188) containing despatches and correspondence connected with Part I Chapter IV ('The Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. ', folios 28-47).
Part I gives an overview of policy and events in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. region during Curzon's period as Viceroy [1899-1905], with sections on British policy in Persia; the maintenance and extension of British interests; Seistan [Sīstān]; and the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. . Part II contains more detailed accounts of selected topics, including sections on British policy in Persia, customs and finance, quarantine, administration, communications, and British and Russian activity in Seistan. The despatches and correspondence in Part III include correspondence from the Government of India in the Foreign Department, the Secretary of State for India, and the Viceroy; addresses and speeches by Curzon; and notes of interviews between Curzon and local rulers.
Mss Eur F111/531-534 consist of four identical printed and bound volumes. However, the four volumes each show a small number of different manuscript annotations and corrections.
This volume contains manuscript additions on folios 11, 40-41, 47, and 142-146.
- Extent and format
- 1 volume (189 folios)
- Arrangement
The volume contains a list of Parts I-III on folio 4; a table of contents of Part I on folio 6; a table of contents of Part II on folio 49; and a table of contents of Part III on folios 127-129, which gives a reference to the paragraph of Part I Chapter IV that the despatch or correspondence is intended to illustrate.
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 191; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio.Pagination: the file also contains an original printed pagination sequence.
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'SUMMARY OF THE PRINCIPAL EVENTS AND MEASURES OF THE VICEROYALTY OF HIS EXCELLENCY LORD CURZON OF KEDLESTON, VICEROY AND GOVERNOR-GENERAL OF INDIA IN THE FOREIGN DEPARTMENT. I. JANUARY 1899-APRIL 1904. II. DECEMBER 1904-NOVEMBER 1905. VOLUME IV. PERSIA AND THE PERSIAN GULF.' [73r] (150/386), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/532, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100070112822.0x000097> [accessed 6 March 2025]
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- Reference
- Mss Eur F111/532
- Title
- 'SUMMARY OF THE PRINCIPAL EVENTS AND MEASURES OF THE VICEROYALTY OF HIS EXCELLENCY LORD CURZON OF KEDLESTON, VICEROY AND GOVERNOR-GENERAL OF INDIA IN THE FOREIGN DEPARTMENT. I. JANUARY 1899-APRIL 1904. II. DECEMBER 1904-NOVEMBER 1905. VOLUME IV. PERSIA AND THE PERSIAN GULF.'
- Pages
- front, back, spine, edge, head, tail, front-i, 2r:190v, back-i
- Author
- Curzon, George Nathaniel, 1st Marquess Curzon of Kedleston
- Copyright
- ©The British Library Board
- Usage terms
- Creative Commons Attribution Licence