'Military report on Tehran and adjacent Provinces of North-West Persia (including the Caspian Littoral)' [‎87r] (178/610)

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tain on the northern slopes, a process which may be further
assisted by their collision with a hot current of air from the
south-east rising from the central deserts.
The climate corresponds with the Persian geographical
divisions of lowlands (dasht), foothills (miyanband) and
mountains (kuh), the rainfall being heaviest m the iowlands
and diminishing through the transitional foothills, to the dry
mountains, which exhibit the general characteristics of the
plateau climate except that they attract more c ou
The climate, of the lowlands especially, is most capricious and
not naturally divided into 4 seasons. Sudden changes may
occur at any time of the year and, according o oc ^ ^ ^
there are only two seasons, rain in any month being Y
■winter and sun by summer.
The principal unvarying features of this climate are
1. A moderate range of temperatures, 90° being a maximum
rarely exceeded in summer, while frost m winter
2 unusual.
2. Diminution in the rainfall from gQ
annual rainfall at Rasht averagmg fc°m «0 to "U
inches and at Astarabad a little, under 20 inches.
3. Excessive humidity and heavy dews from J™ 6 t0
September due to evaporation caused by the su
rays, the naturally swampy nature of the soil ”emg
intensified by the flooding of the nee fields at this
season.
This humidity permeates everything, and everywher
requires daily cleaning and oiling to avoid rust and
tants sleep on raised platforms. _ ^ T a
Curzon remarks thatinthe ram^raUe^S! there is not
a more unhealthy strip of country m e wor . „ .,
The plain of Mazandaran, owing to the of a
being less in proportion to the total area,^^ ^ comparativ ely
dry crop of cotton, and to sm 11 becomes a lake of
more salubrious, while lunaKao , ,,, uiatrict of the
rice swamps, is the most, poisonous, y un i y ^ paddy
whole coast strip, malarial mosqui . between the
fields in swarms, and render much of ^ ^ d beast
shore and the foothilWmos^mha^itaHetor^andDe^
i See Chapter II, Geography pp. !)0 ‘ 9 -
a le 9 para P re “ Snow,” footnote on p. 143.