Coll 6/21(2) 'Saudi Arabia: Relations with H.M.G.: Saudi Legation in London and British Minister in Jeddah. Prolongation of Treaty of Jedda.' [12r] (23/761)
The record is made up of 1 file (379 folios). It was created in 14 Jan 1935-12 Apr 1947. It was written in English and Arabic. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
5
dealing and honourable treatment we have always had from them. There are
two kinds of relationships between countries : the relationship of fear—fear of
the subjected for the conqueror—and the relationship based on mutual interest
and co-operation. That is the relationship between you and us. Who else would
have treated us as you have? We were talking the other day and someone said :
If the Axis said to us : Come to us and we will treat you just like the people of
Berlin and Rome, and if at the same time the Government said to us : Come to
His; we cannot treat you like the people of London, but we will treat you like
xhe people of our colonies, which should we choose ? ' I say the latter, of course.
It s as clear as the sun. How have those two rogues ‘ Hatler 5 and ‘ Missoluni ’
treated their own people in Berlin and Rome? They have slaughtered them and
tortured them most barbarously. But the Government treat the people of their
colonies just like the sons of England. Look at India. A land of kings. Do you
think anyone else, Arab or foreigner, who might have conquered India would have
left those kings to enjoy their rights and privileges ? No; they would have over
thrown and despoiled them.”
A reference to the decision of Safi-el-Din-el-Senussi not to come on pilgrimage
and stay in the Hejaz made the King chuckle : ££ That’s not a decision of the
Senussi. It is the mercy of God, who strengthened the British to defeat the
Germans at A1 Alamein.”
Much time at each interview was spent in discussing the war news and the
general situation. Ibn Sand expressed admiration for America’s war effort.
££ President Roosevelt is a man like your Prime Minister, and it is to the world’s
good fortune that there are two such men in such close agreement at this time.
Nations are valued by their leaders. A thousand Hons led by a fox are nothing;
a thousand foxes led by a lion are an army. These leaders are different from that
£ Hatler ’; they rule by consent, not by terror, and they have won the admiration
and support of their nations because they have never feared to tell the truth.
They and their Governments will last because they seek to do right. We believe
profoundly that the works of evil cannot endure.”
££ Hitler and Mussolini have chosen a path that can only lead to disaster.
Mussolini—but what is Mussolini ? Mr. Churchill spoke a word about him that
pleased me : he called him a jackal. They have made grave mistakes. Hitler
made two: first when he failed to invade England after the French were
defeated. We were sorely grieved and afraid at that time, for we knew there was
no army in England to withstand them. But the mercy of God is evident.
Hitler erred and you did not neglect his error. Then he erred in attacking
Russia; first, because that gave you a breathing space, and, second, because he
had not reckoned the Russian resistance rightly. Nor had anyone—it is a wonder
of this war.
£ ‘Hitler now is like a man who has swallowed all manner of serpents, vipers
and scorpions, all alive and furiously biting in his belly, then while he is
struggling with this internal attack he is set upon by lions. The serpents and
scorpions are those countries, Poland and Czecho—what-d’ye-call-it; the lions
are you and Russia and America. What shall he do? Try and overcome the
convulsions within him or defend himself from the lions outside? If God will,
he will be torn apart both ways.
££ People talk about a second front. I say the British will not open a second
front in Europe. Those places, Belgium and Holland, are well guarded. The
fighting man looks for an opening. There was a time when I thought you might
try and capture or destroy the French fleet in that place in France where it lay,
and from there go on to invade France. Then again I often said you ought to
take the Maghrib (i.e., French North Africa). Now you’ve done' it. There’s
your second front. Once drive the Germans out of there and you have the Axis
in the grip of your hand. And we and the Arabs and all Moslems will rejoice
on that day.”
At an interview at which Sir John Dash wood was present the talk turned
on the misstatements and lies of German propaganda.
Sir John Dashwood quoted the reference in a recent German broadcast to
“ Rommel’s advance westwards.” This delighted the King.
££ What Arab believes the German wireless now? We have heard them sink
the same ship three times over. Lies return upon the head of their disseminator.
As the Iraqi proverb says, £ Untruth is a mount will take you forth but will not
bring you home again.’ ”
His Majesty was asked what future he foresaw for the Arab States after
the war.
About this item
- Content
This file, like the previous volume (IOR/L/PS/12/2087), concerns relations between the British Government and the Government of Saudi Arabia.
The file largely consists of copies of Foreign Office correspondence, mainly between His Majesty's Minister at Jedda (Sir Andrew Ryan, Sir Reader William Bullard, Hugh Stonehewer Bird, and Stanley R Jordan successively) and officials of the Foreign Office. Other prominent correspondents include the following: the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs; His Majesty's Chargé d’Affaires to Jedda (Albert Spencer Calvert, succeeded by Alan Charles Trott); His Majesty's Ambassador in Baghdad (Sir Kinahan Cornwallis); Ibn Saud [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd]; Amir Faisal [Fayṣal bin ‘Abd al-‘Azīz Āl Sa‘ūd], Minister of Foreign Affairs for Saudi Arabia; officials of the Colonial Office and the War Office.
The correspondence documents the progression of negotiations for a general settlement between the two governments, which would result in the initial prolongation of the validity of the Treaty of Jedda (the treaty signed between Britain and Ibn Saud in 1927, which initially expired in September 1934) for a period of seven years from 1936 (and for another seven years from 1943).
In addition to discussing matters relating to the proposed general settlement (e.g. the eastern and south-eastern boundaries of Saudi Arabia, slavery regulations, arms traffic, and Saudi debts), the correspondence also documents various visits and meetings, including the following:
- The visit of Amir Saud [Āl Sa‘ūd, Sa‘ūd bin ‘Abd al-‘Azīz, heir apparent of Ibn Saud] to Britain (17 June-1 July 1935), accompanied by Fuad Bey Hamza, Deputy Minister for Foreign Affairs for Saudi Arabia.
- Further meetings at the Foreign Office between Fuad Bey Hamza, Hafiz Wahba (Saudi Minister in London), Sir Andrew Ryan, George William Rendel (Head of the Foreign Office's Eastern Department), and other Foreign Office officials, in July 1935, following on from meetings in September 1934.
- Sir Andrew Ryan's meetings with Ibn Saud in Riyadh in December 1935 and in Jedda in February 1936.
- Four interviews held between Ibn Saud, Sir Reader William Bullard and George William Rendel, in Jedda, during March 1937.
Also discussed are matters relating to the Second World War, including:
- An exchange of letters between Ibn Saud and the British Prime Minister, Neville Chamberlain, in early 1939, which principally relate to Ibn Saud's concerns regarding his country's security in the event of the beginning of general hostilities.
- German radio broadcasts in Jedda during the first few weeks of the Second World War and their possible effect on the Jedda population.
- The possibility of Iraq and Saudi Arabia formally joining the Allies in the Second World War.
In addition to correspondence the file includes the following: a copy of a programme for Amir Saud's visit to Britain (ff 339-348); exchanges of notes (in English and Arabic) between the Saudi Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the British Legation at Jedda, confirming the prolongation of the Treaty of Jedda, dated 1936 and 1943 respectively (ff 189-192 and ff 4-5); a sketch map showing air routes over Saudi Arabia and Iraq (f 31v).
Although the material in this file falls inside the date range of 1935-1943, the final document in the file does include an additional date stamp which is marked '12 April 1947'.
The file includes two dividers which give a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. These are placed at the back of the correspondence.
- Extent and format
- 1 file (379 folios)
- Arrangement
The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the rear to the front of the file.
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the last folio with 380; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
- Written in
- English and Arabic in Latin and Arabic script View the complete information for this record
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Coll 6/21(2) 'Saudi Arabia: Relations with H.M.G.: Saudi Legation in London and British Minister in Jeddah. Prolongation of Treaty of Jedda.' [12r] (23/761), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/12/2088, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100048209023.0x00001a> [accessed 5 June 2026]
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- Reference
- IOR/L/PS/12/2088
- Title
- Coll 6/21(2) 'Saudi Arabia: Relations with H.M.G.: Saudi Legation in London and British Minister in Jeddah. Prolongation of Treaty of Jedda.'
- Pages
- front, front-i, 2r:4r, 5r, 6r:31r, 32r:75v, 77r:77v, 79r:152v, 158r:173v, 175r:180v, 186r:187v, 188v:189r, 190v:191r, 192r:199v, 201r:204v, 206r:266v, 269r:275v, 276v:278v, 280r:286v, 288r:293r, 295r:314r, 316r:380v, back
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence
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