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'P. 1 733/1904. Muscat Arbitration. (1904-08).' [‎266v] (539/778)

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The record is made up of 1 volume (385 folios). It was created in 1903-1906. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .

Transcription

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the dominions of His Highness the Sultan, also the
hearing and settlement of all civil questions, claims, or
disputes in which they are the defendants, is expressly
reserved to the British Consular authorities and Courts,
and removed from the jurisdiction of His Highness the
Sultan.
“Should disputes arise between subjects of His
Highness the Sultan or other non-Christian Power,
not represented by Consuls at Muscat, and a subject
of Her Britannic Majesty, in which the British subject
is the plaintiff or complainant, the matter shall be
brought before and decided by the highest authority
of the Sultan, or some person specially delegated by
him for this purpose. The proceedings and final
decision in such a case shall not, however, be con
sidered legal unless notice has been given and an
opportunity afforded for the British Consul or his sub
stitute to attend at the hearing and final decision.
“AKTICLE XIV.
“ Subjects of His Highness the Sultan, or any non-
Christian nation, not represented by Consuls at Muscat,
who are in the regular service of British subjects
within the dominions of His Highness the Sultan of
Muscat, shall enjoy the same protection as British
subjects themselves.
“Should they be charged with having committed a
crime or serious offence punishable by law, they shall,
on sufficient evidence being shown to justify further
proceedings, be handed over by British employers or
by order of the British Consul, to the authorities of His
Highness the Sultan for trial and punishment.
“ARTICLE XVIII.
“ The houses, dwellings, warehouses, and other
premises of British subjects, or of persons actually in
their regular service within the dominions of His High
ness the Sultan of Muscat, shall not be entered, or
searched under any pretext, by the officials of His
Highness without the consent of the occupier, unless
with the cognizance and assistance of the British
Consul or his substitute.”
On the 10th day of March, 1862, the following
Declaration was signed in Paris by the Repre
sentatives of Great Britain and France :—
“ Declaration between Great Britain and France, engaging
reciprocally to respect the Independence of the Sultans
of Muscat and Zanzibar.
1862.
“ Her Majesty the Queen
of the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland
and His Majesty the Em
peror of the French, taking
Signed at Paris, March 10,
“ Sa Majeste la Reine
du Royaume-Uni de la
Gran de-Bretagne et dTr-
lande et Sa Majeste
I’Empereur des Fran^ais,

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Content

The volume discusses a dispute between the British and French Government’s over the use of French flags on Muscat dhows and individuals dhow A term adopted by British officials to refer to local sailing vessels in the western Indian Ocean. owners from Muscat claiming to be protégés of France owing to their vessels being registered as French.

The two governments agreed in October 1904 for the dispute to be taken to the Permanent Court of Arbitration at The Hague, and the award, which was approved by the British Government in September 1905, was concluded primarily in favour of the British Government’s position. The complete award in English and French can be found at folios 135-141.The papers include reports and discussions on other matters linked to the arbitration case including the limits of Oman territory; the question of ownership of Gwadar; and the legal status and nationality of the Khoja peoples residing within Muscat and Oman. The principal correspondents in the volume include the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs (Henry Charles Keith Petty-Fitzmaurice, 5th Marquess of Lansdowne); the Secretary of State for India (William St John Fremantle Brodrick, 1st Earl of Middleton); the Secretary to the Government of India in the Foreign Department (Louis William Dane); the Viceroy of India (George Nathaniel Curxon, 1st Marquess Curzon of Kedleston); the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. and Consul at Muscat (William George Grey); the French Consul at Muscat (Lucien-Ernest-Roger Laronce); the French Ambassador to the United Kingdom (Paul Cambon); and representatives of the Foreign Office and the India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. .

The volume is part 1 of 3. Each part includes a divider which gives the subject and part numbers, year the subject file was opened, subject heading, and list of correspondence references contained in that part by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.

Extent and format
1 volume (385 folios)
Arrangement

The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the rear to the front of the volume.

The subject 733 (Muscat Arbitration) consists of 3 volumes, IOR/L/PS/10/25-27. The volumes are divided into 6 parts with parts 1 and 2 comprising one volume each, and parts 4, 5, and 6, comprising the third volume.

Physical characteristics

Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1 and terminates at the back cover with 386; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.

Condition: The spine has become detached from the volume and has been placed in a polyester sleeve at the back of the volume as folio 395. The sleeve may result in some loss of sharpness in the digitised image.

Written in
English in Latin script
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'P. 1 733/1904. Muscat Arbitration. (1904-08).' [‎266v] (539/778), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/10/25, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100026193161.0x00008c> [accessed 1 April 2025]

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