'The Expedition for the survey of the rivers Euphrates and Tigris, carried on by order of the British government, in the years 1835, 1836, and 1837; preceded by geographical and historical notices of the regions situated between the rivers Nile and Indus. In four volumes. With fourteen maps and charts, and embellished with ninety-seven plates, besides numerous wood-cuts. Volume the first.' [‎335] (406/905)

CHAP. XV.]
THE KATAKEKAUMENE.
335
At the foot of Baba T^ 1 (Mount Cadmus), near the Ancient sites,
south-western extremity of Kermiyan, is Denizli, a thriving
Kasabah, containing about 6000 inhabitants, and fortified by
an ordinary wall. 1 At Eski-hisar, about seven miles north
ward of this place, two theatres, a stadium, a gymnasium, and
other buildings mark the site of the interesting Laodicea; 2
also again at Pambuk Kal'eh, six miles farther, are the still
more striking remains of ancient Hierapolis ; 3 and again,
about 10 miles north-west of the latter, those of Tripolis ad
Mseandrum. 4
Advancing some distance northward, on a precipitous rock, Townof£6iah.
are the acropolis and interesting ruins of Suleimanlu ; 5 and
again those of Silandus and Saittoe. The former are at
Selenti, and the latter near the village of Sidas Kal'eh, where
are the remains of a stadium, several temples, and other public
buildings. 6 Nine hours, or about 22 miles S.S.E. of these
Phrygian remains, is the modern town of Kulah, at an eleva
tion of about 2250 feet above the sea. It contains upwards
of 1500 gloomy-looking houses, 7 built of lava at the foot of the
volcanic cone 8 called Kara Devlit (black inkstand). This is one
of the three remarkable pits or bellows noticed by Strabo as
belonging to the Katakekaumene, or under burnt district, which
extended 500 stadia in length by 40 stadia in width along the
borders of Phrygia and Lydia. 9 From the southern side of
Kulah a rugged stream of lava has forced its way through the
plain of Sandal and Kaplan Alan, till its course was broken
by the Hermus. This tract—although covered with extinct
1 Chandler's Travels in Asia Minor, Vol. I., p. 255.
2 Ibid., 263 ; and Arundell's Discoveries in Asia, Vol. II., p. 181.
8 Chandler's Asia Minor, Vol. I., pp. 268, 270; and Arundell's Discoveries,
Vol. IL, p. 200.
* Mr. W. J. Hamilton's Journey, Vol. VII. Part I., p. 61.
5 Arundell's Discoveries, &c., Vol. L, p. 80, &c.; and Mr. W. J. Hamil
ton's Journey, Vol. VII. Part L, p. 39, of the Royal Geographical Journal.
6 Ibid., Vol. VIII. Part II., p. 142.
Arundell's Discoveries in Asia Minor, Vol. I., p. 42 to 46.
8 Mr. W. J. Hamilton's Tour, Vol. VII. Part I., p. 40; and Vol. VIII.
Part II., p. 142, of the Royal Geographical Journal.
9 Lib. XIII., p. 628.