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Persian Gulf Administration Reports 1883/84 - 1904/05 [227v] (459/602)
The record is made up of 1 volume (299 folios). It was created in 1884-1906. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
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28 ADMINISTRATION EEPORT ON THE
PERSIAN GULF
The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran.
POLITICAL
But notwithstanding this great difference in the ratio per cent, of deaths to attacked in i\
two places, there was only a very slight difference in the ratio por cent, of deaths to th
general population, so that whilst in Maskat out of every hundred persons 2*7 died f 6
cholera, in Matrah 3 out of every hundred persons died from that cause. The greatest rate^of
mortality in proportion to attacks was among the Persians who live principally in the subu h
of Jabru. Next to them in the order of ratio per cent, of deaths to attacked come the India
Muhammadans other than Khojas, among whom, however, the attacks were so few that it
would be unreasonable to compare their result with that of the attacks among the other races
in the same manner as it would be unfair to include in the comparison the result of the two'
solitary attacks among the Hindus, which beside being so few occurred at a stgo-e of the
epidemic when most of the oases recover. Just as the general ratio per cent, of deaths to
attacked compares favourably with that in Maskafc, so also do the rates of mortality araono*
the principal racial classes excepting the Africans who had 8 percent, more deaths amo&s-
them in Matrah than in Maskat. The Arabs had only 36 *5 per "cent, of deaths against 63 -1
per cent, in Maskat and the Baluchis 52'2 per cent, against 6(H per cent, in Maskat. The
only reason that I can think of in explanation of this great difference is what I have alreadv
suggested above when dealing with the general cholera mortality in Matrah. I q reo-ard to
age and sex, the ratio per cent, of deaths to attacked was much greater among children than in
adults, and also much greater among men than among women, which latter circumstance is
remarkable in the face of the fact that the attacks among men were fewer than amono- women
It appears, therefore, that the severity of the disease as indicated by the rate of mortalitv
was much greater, as in Maskat, among men than among women.
In regard to the localities, the highest rate of mortality actually occurred in the suburb
of Jabru, the original centre of infection, which is inhabited principally by the two poorest classes
—the Mekrani Baluchis and Persian beggars, though the alarming rate of 1U0 per cent, is
shown against Matrah Harbour in the statement No. VJ, which circumstance needs a little
explanation as it is likely to give an erroneous idea. The only three cases noted ss havino-
occurred in harbour were registered from information received when the dead bodies were
brought for burial on shore, but as there was no registration of cases occurring on board the
vessels in the harbour no information is available in regard to such cases 0 as may have
recovered. Nazi Moya and Takia, two of the quarters of the town mostly occupied bv
African?, also show a very, high rate of mortality, whilst the bazar and Kitleh quarters and
the K'noja fort, in each of wbich the ratio of deaths to attacked was only 25 per cent, show
the lowest rate of mortality. In the case of the Khoja fort it may be noted that beside beino 1
inhabited by a community in good circumstances, all the cases in it were under my direct
treatment.
As no account of the mode of treatment of cholera adopted by the Arabs of Oman has
Treatment. hitherto been given, I think that a short note on
the subject may not be considered out of place here.
Actual cautery, the great Arab panacea, occupies, as may be expected, a foremost place
in the treatment of cholera in the same way as it does now in the treatment of plague and
the instrument generally used in carrying out this therapeutic measure is as primitive in its
conception as the measure itself. A small sickle, such as gardeners use, is heated in the fire
and with its back two lines, each about two inches in length* are marked out horizontallv 5
one a little above the navel and the other a little below it ; a similar line is then marked
antero-posteriorly on the top of the head in its middle. It would seem as if the Arabs are
practically aware of the beneficial effects of acids in cholera, for soon after the above operation
of branding, a draught composed of the juice of three or four fresh limes, about two drachms
and a half of the powder of dried safar leaves [Zafaria multiflora), a pinchful of charcoal ashes
and a little water is given to drink; when fresh iimes are not procurable, dried limes are
pounded with a little water and substituted for them. Following this Arab idea, I found the
administration of the juice of fresh limes mixed wilh a little water and sugar as often as the
patient required it, a very agreeable and beneficial remedy for the intense thirst present in
the early stage of the disease. The satar in the draught acts as an aromatic and carminative
but I fail to see the value of ashes j in fact I should think that the ashes would partly
neutralize the acidity of the juice of limes. This draught is repeated after every evacuation
until five or six doses are given. Sherbet made with rose-water is given repeatedly and in
large quantities to quench thirst, and when at the end of the evacuation stage, great restless
ness and sense of burning in the stomach supervene, repeated bathing in cold water, even in
the stage of collapse, is resorted to. For suppression of urine the most common remedy is a
decoction of the leaves and broken pieces of the stem of gawzalan known to the Arabs by the
v&mQ ci lisan-uthfhawr [Caccinia glauca) m&die by boiling about three drachms and a half
of the drug in 7 ounces of water, which dose is repeated, if necessary, after two hours.
Another common remedy for suppression of urine is a cold poultice made of the fresh bruised
leaves and fine branches of the lucerne plant and a little common salt, which is applied over
the region of the bladder and kept there for about two hours. Sitting in hot water is also
occasionally resorted to for causing the flow of urine, and arhulheef (essence of the male
flowers of the date-palm) made by boiling the flowers in water is administered internally in
doses ot about two ounces and a half, either alone or mixed with water, for relieving the
burning sensation in the stomach. During the recent epidemic civet was also employed as a
remedy for suppression of urine, a little of it being applied to the meatus urinarjus.
About this item
- Content
The volume contains printed copies of Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. Administration Reports. The Reports are incomplete (according to the introductory letters and lists of contents). Some of the Reports bear manuscript corrections. The following Reports are represented :
- Report on the Administration of the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. Political Residency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, established in the provinces and regions considered part of, or under the influence of, British India. and Muscat Political Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. for the Year 1883-84 (Calcutta: Superintendent of Government Printing, India, 1884);
- Report on the Administration of the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. Political Residency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, established in the provinces and regions considered part of, or under the influence of, British India. and Muscat Political Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. for 1884-85 (Calcutta: Superintendent of Government Printing, India, 1885);
- Report on the Administration of the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. Political Residency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, established in the provinces and regions considered part of, or under the influence of, British India. and Muscat Political Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. for 1885-86 (Calcutta: Superintendent of Government Printing, India, 1886);
- Report on the Administration of the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. Political Residency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, established in the provinces and regions considered part of, or under the influence of, British India. and Muscat Political Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. for 1886-87 (Calcutta: Superintendent of Government Printing, India, 1887);
- Report on the Administration of the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. Political Residency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, established in the provinces and regions considered part of, or under the influence of, British India. and Muscat Political Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. for 1887-88 (Calcutta: Superintendent of Government Printing, India, 1888);
- Administration Report of the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. Political Residency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, established in the provinces and regions considered part of, or under the influence of, British India. and Muscat Political Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. for 1888-89 (Calcutta: Superintendent of Government Printing, India, 1889);
- Administration Report of the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. Political Residency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, established in the provinces and regions considered part of, or under the influence of, British India. and Muscat Political Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. for 1889-90 (Calcutta: Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, India, 1890);
- Administration Report of the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. Political Residency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, established in the provinces and regions considered part of, or under the influence of, British India. and Muscat Political Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. for 1890-91 (Calcutta: Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, India, 1891);
- Administration Report on the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. Political Residency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, established in the provinces and regions considered part of, or under the influence of, British India. and Muscat Political Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. for 1891-92 (Calcutta: Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, India, 1892);
- Administration Report on the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. Political Residency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, established in the provinces and regions considered part of, or under the influence of, British India. and Muscat Political Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. for 1892-93 (Calcutta: Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, India, 1893);
- Administration Report on the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. Political Residency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, established in the provinces and regions considered part of, or under the influence of, British India. and Muscat Political Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. for 1893-94 (Calcutta: Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, India, 1894);
- Administration Report on the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. Political Residency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, established in the provinces and regions considered part of, or under the influence of, British India. and Maskat Political Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. for 1894-95 (Calcutta: Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, India, 1895);
- Administration Report on the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. Political Residency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, established in the provinces and regions considered part of, or under the influence of, British India. and Maskat Political Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. for 1895-96 (Simla: Government Central Printing Office, 1896);
- Administration Report on the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. Political Residency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, established in the provinces and regions considered part of, or under the influence of, British India. and Maskat Political Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. for 1896-97 (Calcutta: Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, India, 1897);
- Administration Report on the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. Political Residency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, established in the provinces and regions considered part of, or under the influence of, British India. and Maskat Political Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. for 1897-98 (Calcutta: Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, India, 1898);
- Administration Report on the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. Political Residency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, established in the provinces and regions considered part of, or under the influence of, British India. and Maskat Political Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. for 1898-99 (Calcutta: Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, India, 1899);
- Administration Report on the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. Political Residency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, established in the provinces and regions considered part of, or under the influence of, British India. and Maskat Political Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. for 1899-1900 (Calcutta: Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, India, 1900);
- Administration Report on the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. Political Residency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, established in the provinces and regions considered part of, or under the influence of, British India. and Maskat Political Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. for 1900-1901 (Calcutta: Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, India, 1901);
- Administration Report on the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. Political Residency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, established in the provinces and regions considered part of, or under the influence of, British India. and Maskat Political Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. for 1901-1902 (Calcutta: Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, India, 1902);
- Administration Report on the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. Political Residency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, established in the provinces and regions considered part of, or under the influence of, British India. and Maskat Political Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. for 1902-1903 (Calcutta: Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, India, 1903);
- Administration Report on the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. Political Residency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, established in the provinces and regions considered part of, or under the influence of, British India. and Maskat Political Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. for 1903-1904 (Calcutta: Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, India, 1904);
- Administration Report on the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. Political Residency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, established in the provinces and regions considered part of, or under the influence of, British India. and Maskat Political Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. for 1904-1905 (Calcutta: Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, India, 1906).
The Reports include a general summary by the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. (covering the constituent agencies and consulates that made up the Residency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, established in the provinces and regions considered part of, or under the influence of, British India. , and topics such as the slave trade, piracy, the movements of Royal Navy ships, official appointments, and the weather); meteorological tables; separate reports on Muscat (also referred to as Maskat); reports on trade and commerce; and a number of appendices on special topics, such as supplementary notes on the care and culture of date trees and fruit (Report, 1883-84), historical sketch of the Portuguese in eastern Arabia (Report, 1884-85), notes on a tour through Oman and El-Dhahireh [Al Dhahirah] by Lieutenant-Colonel Samuel Barrett Miles (Report, 1885-86), notes on cholera in Persia (Report, 1889-90), report on the cholera epidemic in Maskat, Matrah, and Oman (Report, 1899-1900), and information on individuals and tribes.
- Extent and format
- 1 volume (299 folios)
- Arrangement
The Reports are arranged in chronological order from the front to the rear of the volume. There is an introductory letter/table of contents at the front of each Report, but these show that the Reports are not complete.
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: the foliation system in use commences at 3 on the second folio after the front cover, and continues through to 299 on the back cover. The sequence is written in pencil, enclosed in a circle, and appears in the top right hand corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. page of each folio.
- Written in
- English in Latin script View the complete information for this record
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- Reference
- IOR/R/15/1/709
- Title
- Persian Gulf Administration Reports 1883/84 - 1904/05
- Pages
- front, back, spine, edge, head, tail, front-i, i-r:i-v, 3r:298v, back-i
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence