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Annotated Copy of Persia and the Persian Question by George Curzon, with Inserted Papers [695r] (1406/1814)
The record is made up of 2 volumes with inserts (898 folios). It was created in 1892-1924. It was written in English, Urdu and German. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
THE KAKUN RIVER
343
. 4 -hRty feet. Here, too, tire Karan is in volume and dimensions
noble river, commonly from 300 yards to a quarter of a mile
across it not being till above Aliwaz that it is sometimes contracted
in width to 200 yards. At this time the river was very Ml a
heavy fall of snow or rain in the mountains having just preceded ;
and mud held in turbid solution changed its waters to the colour
of Turkish coffee, and its consistency to that of prison gruel.
At a distance of from ten to twelve miles above the Bahmeshir
occurs a third, but now choked and disused channel of the Ivarun,
by which also, in days probably anterior to the Bahmeshir,
Karun it 0 nce sought the sea. This dried-up bed, which is sup-
nosed to be that up which the fleet of Nearchus sailed to join
Alexander the Great at Susa, is called the Karun-el-Amieh or
Blind Karun . 1 It was followed by the officers of the Euphrates
Expedition in 1836 towards the sea, and was found by them to
consist of a depression 200 yards in width, in the middle of which
still existed a small channel that was filled by t e owing i e, u
left with only one foot of brackish water at the ebb. The proba
bility of this having been the original or earliest mouth of e
Karun is enhanced by the fact that the Oriental geographers de
scribe the Haffar Canal as being four parasangs, or about h teen
miles in length, figures which almost exactly correspond with the
length of the present stream from the mouth o arun e
Amieb to Mohammerab; so that we should be justi e m rega .
ing the entire river-bed below the former point as an artifima
creation. Support is given to this hypothesis by the fact that m
the time of the Elamites and Babylonians, we hear of a canal be g
cut from the lower Karun to the Bahmeshir, beginning at ti
present Sablah. It was in existence m Alexander s time_
canal, after being repaired by the Asad-ed-Dowleh, was called N -
el-jedid, or the New Canal, and Mukadessi, the Arab geograp ,
calls the top of the Bahmeshir, Eam-el-Asadi, i.e. mouth o e sa .
From the Karun-el-Amieh has been cut a canal conduc mg
the former Ka’b capital of Fellahieh, on the Jerrahi river, an
Kaban v.rk»l, known « Kata or J" “
canal century a dam was thrown acioss tbe
point by Sheikh Salman, i.e. Suleiman, of the Ka’b tribe, wit i e
• This name, if correct, is very curious; for to call a
either in idea or expression. If the channel hac een ry , ,
name might originally have been Karun ila via, i.e. arun wi
t
About this item
- Content
These two volumes are George Curzon's own personal annotated copies of both volumes of his book Persia and the Persian Question , which was published in 1892. Alongside the volumes are various loose papers relating to Persia [Iran], consisting of the following: received correspondence; newspaper cuttings; publishers' press releases; cuttings from various booksellers' catalogues; various journal and magazine articles; two items of printed official British correspondence; several prints of photographs and sketches; and a few handwritten notes by Curzon.
In most cases these papers, which range in date from 1892 to 1924, relate to the chapters in the book where they were originally inserted, suggesting that they were kept by Curzon with the intention of using them to inform a revised edition of the book.
Of particular note among the small amount of correspondence are two letters received by Curzon in 1914 and 1915 from retired schoolmaster and Islamic scholar Sayyid Mazhar Hasan Musawi of Saharanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India (ff 5-9 and ff 44-53). These letters, which are written in Urdu and are accompanied by English translations, discuss in detail several inaccuracies found in the Urdu version of Persia and the Persian Question .
The various prints of photographs and sketches, which were originally inserted into volume two, are of different locations in the Gulf region. Several of these appear to have been produced in preparation for the publication of the second volume of John Gordon Lorimer's Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. , Oman and Central Arabia (i.e. the 'Geographical and Statistical' section) in 1908, as they are identical to the versions found in that volume.
Also of note among the loose papers are an illustrated article from Country Life dated 5 June 1920, entitled 'The People of Persia' (ff 36-37), and a printed family tree of the Shah of Persia [Aḥmad Shah Qājār], produced in preparation of his visit to Britain in 1919 (f 233).
Volume one of Persia and the Persian Question contains a map of Persia, Afghanistan and Beluchistan [Balochistan], which is folded inside the front cover (f 1).
The German language material consists of a publisher's press release for two books authored by German archaeologist Ernst Emil Herzfeld (ff 29-30).
- Extent and format
- 2 volumes with inserts (898 folios)
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: this shelfmark consists of two physical volumes. The foliation sequence commences at the first folio of volume one (1-463), and terminates at the last folio of volume two (ff 464-898); these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. Each volume contains a large number of loose leaves, which have been foliated in the order that they were inserted into the volume; for conservation reasons, these loose folios have been removed from the volume and stored separately. The foliation sequence does not include the front and back covers of the two volumes.
Pagination: the file also contains an original printed pagination sequence.
- Written in
- English, Urdu and German in Latin and Arabic script View the complete information for this record
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Annotated Copy of Persia and the Persian Question by George Curzon, with Inserted Papers [695r] (1406/1814), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/33, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100157213849.0x000007> [accessed 28 June 2026]
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- Reference
- Mss Eur F111/33
- Title
- Annotated Copy of Persia and the Persian Questionby George Curzon, with Inserted Papers
- Pages
- 54r:135v, 147r:149v, 158r:180v, 183r:221v, 224r:224v, 227r:246v, 248r:257v, 259r:260v, 268r:362v, 364r:364v, 367r:388v, 390r:400v, 402r:416v, 419r:432v, 434r:444v, 448r:462v, 464r:471v, 475r:481v, 483r:513v, 516r:525v, 527r:544v, 546r:563v, 566r:598v, 600r:622v, 624r:656v, 658r:665v, 667r:675v, 678r:684v, 687r:688v, 691r:691v, 693r:693v, 695r:708v, 711r:721v, 724r:726v, 728r:729v, 731r:736v, 742r:742v, 746r:757v, 759r:761v, 763r:763v, 765r:765v, 772r:777v, 780r:789v, 793r:794v, 797r:809v, 811r:821v, 825r:840v, 843r:898v
- Author
- Curzon, George Nathaniel, 1st Marquess Curzon of Kedleston
- Usage terms
- Public Domain