File 1450/1919 ‘Mesopotamia & Kurdistan: Geological Reports on’ [‎184v] (391/522)

6
( ^
No. 12.
The Petroleum Indications of Kani Qadir and its
neighbourhood, including those of Gil.
Maps.— 1 inch = to 1 mile. T.C. 251. N. portion of T.C. 203.
1J\ IKUDUCTION.
This locality, some two marches N. of Kifri, is at present somewhat inaccessible owinu to hnrf
roads. It is, unfortunately, more interesting from an academic than an economic point of viet
The oil occurrences he along the N.E. foot of the Jabal Nasaz. Little of a recognizable antirlinll
structure remains most of the S.W. limb having been cut out by a large reversed fault a!on« which
the N.E. limb and perhaps a small portion of the crest have been thrust up over more than a mile
of strata. A narrow outcrop of Ears beds, striking N.W.—S.E. is thus brought into contact with
the Upper or Conglomeratic Stage of the Red Clav and Sandstone Series
ROCKS.
Senes.~rhcF.u-s beds consist of a central core of limestone which, assuming the fault
if , au S probably represents a more or less fractured anticlinal crest. This core on
the S W. is bounded by the reversed fault; on the N.E. it is succeeded by a band of clav and
sometimes a little gypsum, and then usually by another thin limestone band. Above this come
the Red Clays and Sandstones.
Red Clay and Sandstone Senes.—In the Red Clay and Sandstone Series the three zones of the
Lower Stage, described m the last report, can be dimly recognized at the N. end of the area. Here
a sott belt ot cultivated ground slopes down from the Pars outcrop to a N.W5 ly-flowing stream,
and consists mostly ot clay whose superficial colour is more brown than red owing to the silt spilt
over it from the Conglomeratic Stage of the Jabal Nasaz ; this constitutes zone “ a ”. N.E. ot the
s ream sandstones become a little more frequent, and produce gradually rising ground as far as a
low watershed The boundary between adjacent drainage basins. , but there is still much red clay present. Beyond the watershed The boundary between adjacent drainage basins. brown clays of
Z ? ne ^ c become iickei and thicker until they practically monopolise the succession ; these brown
C , a ^ s a l e i. se f, n s ^ e l . c in £ ^ 01 a J° n £ distance N.E.’wards. The more sandy phase separating the
i-- 1 <lI1C • C i 1 zone b ’. In the S. portion of the area there is the same belt
^ , lva lon ’ <l longitudinal stream—S.E.’ly in this case—and rising ground beyond, but
di s one neges, though shoit and inconstant, are locally as plentiful in zone “ a ” as in zone “ b ”,
uc i as ose producing the hills immediately N.W. of Kani Qadir ■; no definite line can be drawn
W « en fi° neS . an< ^ c J ’ tbe clay of the latter being, redder than usual. In all three zones
H ^ piodommates, and there is not so much of that regular system of parallel ridges
^ i°^ Z0Iie b ”; the clay has thin sandy partings which indicate the dip very
cise>. v.W. of the Jabal Nasaz, between this range and the Tindanah ridge zone “c”is
exposed m a very broad fiat anticline pitching imperceptibly S.E3 wards ; it contains a few thin
conglomerate bands.
r , ^ be Conglomeiatic Stage is finely exposed in the prominent scarp of the Jabal Nasaz, and in
constltl J tes this range. The actual conglomerate zone, zone “d ”, as I have called it, reaches a
400 f 1C r. le f- herC (exa ^ erated in the section) than in any other locality so far visited, attaining
r ee , this zone might aptly be designated the Nasaz zone.” It consists of rapid alternations
cong omerate and subordinate sandstone bands, dipping very gently in a N.E. direction, and
proauemg precipitous cliffs of some magnitude on the S.W. The dip slope shows the usual
i;Tn llC f l C 1Sbec h° n and v ery rounded detail. Amongst the pebbles are numerous pebbles of Ears
tn 68 ? n ^’ measur ^ n ^ U P 1 fool across. Traced S.E.’wards the lower boundary swings round
N^A/ 1 ^ S f rvc Wes ^ an< ^ die zone a PP ar ently becomes reduced to the size of the Zindanah ridge, and
• . o this, to still smaller dimensions. There appears, therefore, to be great lateral variation in
r ls p 011 ? , as f ac t in Ml other zones, of the Red Clay and Sandstone Series, a condition typical
nf tn U 'n ia l!? deposit; S.W. of the Zindanah ridge and forming the shallow synclinal rolling plain
e Uasht-i-Patahi, are brown clays which I have called phase or zone “ e ” ; they contain a
iew stringers of gravel. None of these zones can be taken as a definite chronological division;
e\ are moie of the nature of phases which dovetail with one another, and are somewhat difficult
to show on a map.
•,, Abuvium is difficult to distinguish from the massive brown clays of zones “c ” or * e ”, when
either of the latter is nearly horizontal.
STRUCTURE.
this area is closei to the origin of the folding movement and shews greater disturbance, than
eXair ™ ed - The N.W/. S.E. anticline, beneath which the petroleum primarily collected,
ecame a tightly compressed overfolded isocline similar to others already described. The Ears
mUS av ^. b^en very narrow, and ridged up ’ in the curious way noticed in many
g i curing anticlines, the dip rapidly steepening as the core of the fold was approached. This

File 1450/1919 ‘Mesopotamia & Kurdistan: Geological Reports on’ [‎184v] (391/522)

Transcription

About this item

Copyright: How to use this content

File 1450/1919 ‘Mesopotamia & Kurdistan: Geological Reports on’ [‎184v] (391/522)

Transcription

About this item

Use and share this item

Copyright: How to use this content