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File 1450/1919 ‘Mesopotamia & Kurdistan: Geological Reports on’ [‎72v] (159/522)

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File 1450/1919 ‘Mesopotamia & Kurdistan: Geological Reports on’
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Ref: IOR/L/PS/10/815

The record is made up of 1 volume (244 folios). It was created in 1 Dec 1917-26 Jun 1922. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .

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4
SECTION AT HIT ALONG LINE A-B.
Map Hit-Kubaisah.
Scale l" = l mile.
The present seepages appear to arise in local pockets of oil, which has
original horizons and been preserved in local irregularities of the old surface
the seepage of Ain Marj is clear indication of this. See section.
migrated from the
The structure at
SECTION AT AIN AL MARJ.
\
J/ ie see P a £ e lies in a well-defined cynclinal basin, which runs about N.-S. It is possible that
tbe othei seepages round Hit are also in minor synclines ; more detailed work than our raoid
examination is required to determine this. 1 ° U1 ia P lcl
I he Euphrates Limestone, which underlies the oil beds, is verv rich in
hTthe TT b J We !} S ° f Kub 1 aisah ’ and {t seems a Possibility that there may have been collapses
strata du , e to Lllld erground solution. The waterless oil has collected into these small local
. I sidences and is now being brought to the surface by water rising from a lower horizon ' ’
The structure is probably the same at Aboujir, Aswasil, and Jabhah.
(2) Naphata-Ramadi.
. . . The . ro . ad , fro " 1 f 1 ' 1 ‘o Kamacli runs for a long distance S.-E., with the strike of the fold and
east and crosses a low synclinal L^a’lyinghetween'the Hh foWan^thl NapLj^Si antidin™ 8
On the othei side of the river, beyond a belt of alluvium about a mile broad the Lower Far*
dMin ci ops out in an anticlinal ridge with axis running N.-N.-W.—S.-S.-E. The seepage lies to the
west of this axis. The axis is rising to the N. N. W. near the well but abnnt P a 6 1 * e , j
overlain by Upper Ears beds and appears to be falling again Not more than anfeet “r ? nd 18
Ears beds are exposed in the centre of the anticline. ^ 8 ° feet ° f Lower
On the east the junction of Upper and Lower Ears is masked by gravel, but on the west the
bpper Ears comes down to the alluvium in a shallow synclinal beyond which the gvosum beds
again crop out with a low N.-E. dip of about 2-3 degrees. £ypsmn beds
The axes of the anticline as observed in the held are marked on the accompanying mao l"—
mile, but it seems to us probable that the anticline is in realitv brmHpr Hnn n / ^
the map. and that the true axis runs in a more N.-b.U S .fi’d ® e t t S la there °
ot it at Ramadi, where there is a low rise in the ground caHed Addvah radee 3 COnt,nuat ‘ on
N.-W. S.-E. direction ^ ’ Ccllieu Az iziyan Ridge, running in a
i his rise is composed of impure, secondary gypsum and is flanked with river alluvium at least
the town of Tamadr ° n N - E ' ° f ridfie the Upper Fars ouUuUoutside
All observed dips are very low, not more than 2-3 degrees, and the accurate determination of
the direction of the axis and the breadth of the fold is rendered extremely difficult bt the Euphrates
a hiviurn ; for these reasons we do not yet feel justified in attempting to draw a sect on through the

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Content

This volume contains correspondence, memoranda, reports, telegrams and maps and geological drawings, regarding the geological examination of regions in Mesopotamia and the prospect of petroleum [oil] in these areas.

Included in the volume are the following reports:

  • ‘MESOPOTAMIA GEOLOGICAL REPORTS No. 7-11’ (‘No. 7’ is crossed out and replaced with ‘No. 8’), 1920 (ff 9-22)
  • ‘GEOLOGICAL REPORT (Mesopotamia) No. 7 NOTES ON THE UNDERGROUND WATER RESOURCES OF NORTHEN MESOPOTAMIA’, 1920 (ff 25-31)
  • ‘GEOLOGICAL REPORT (Mesopotamia) No. 6 NOTES ON ZAKHO AND DOHUK [Duhok]’, 1920 (ff 41-44)
  • ‘MESOPOTAMIA GEOLOGICAL REPORT 1919’, 1920 (ff 57-109)
  • ‘REPORT OF THE BITUMINOUS DEPOSIT NEAR KIFRI’, 1919 (f 114)
  • ‘GEOLOGICAL REPORT (Mesopotamia) No 5. THE KIFRI DISTRICT’ (ff 115-116)
  • ‘GEOLOGICAL REPORT (Mesopotamia) No 4. RECONNAISSANCE REPORT ON THE COUNTRY ON THE RIGHT BANK OF THE RIVER TIGRIS BETWEEN BAIJI AND MOSUL’, 1919 (ff 122-129)
  • ‘GEOLOGICAL REPORT (Mesopotamia) No 3. RECONNAISSANCE REPORT ON THE EUPHRATES VALLEY BETWEEN HILLAH AND HIT’, 1919 (ff 131-143)
  • ‘GEOLOGICAL REPORT (Mesopotamia) No 2. PRELIMINARY NOTES ON THE JABAL HAMRIN’, 1919 (f 143)
  • ‘GEOLOGICAL REPORT (Mesopotamia) No 1 ON THE DISTRICT OF QAIYARAH [Al Qayyarah]’, 1919 (ff 146-151)
  • ‘APPENDIX. Translation of a Captured Document. Report of a Tour to the Coal Area and Petroleum Springs in the Zone of the Sixth L. of C. Inspectorate’, 1919 (ff 156-158)
  • ‘No 13. Notes on the Jabal Gilabat [Qilabat] between Chinchal-al-Kabir and Qarah Tappah’, 1919 (f 164)
  • ‘No 14. Notes on the Jabal Hamrin between Qarah Tappah and Table Mountain’, 1919 (ff 164v-167)
  • ‘No. 10. Notes on the Geology of the Country between Tazah Khurmatu and Tauq [Tukhama Khulu]’, 1919 (ff 182-185)
  • ‘REPORTS ON THE PROSPECTS OF PETROLEUM IN THE BAGHDAD WILAYAT [Vilayet]’, 1918 (ff 187-201)
  • ‘Report No 9. Oil in the Kirkuk Anticline’, 1919 (ff 204-205)
  • ‘No 3. Report on the Prospects of Obtaining Oil in the Jab-al-Khanuqah, S.E. of Sharqat [Ash Sharqat]’, 1918 (f 207)
  • ‘No 4. Prospects of Obtaining Oil in the Jab-al-Qaiyarah and its continuation, the Jab-al-Najmah’, 1919 (ff 208-209)
  • ‘No 5. Possibilities of Obtaining Oil in the Jab-al-Mishrak [Al Mishraq] and Country West of Hammam Ali [Hammam al Ali]’, 1919 (ff 210-211)
  • ‘No 6. The Country between Mosul and Quwair [Al Kuwayr] on the Greater Zab, and its Prospects as Oil-producing Territory’, 1919 (ff 211v-212)
  • ‘Report No 7. Sulphur near the Confluence of the Greater Zab with the Tigris’, 1919 (f 213)
  • ‘No 8. Prospects of Obtaining Oil in the Quwair Dome’, 1919 (ff 213-214)
  • ‘Appendix to Report No. 4, on the Jab-al-Qaiyarah Oil-field’, 1919 (f 214v)
  • ‘Report on the prospects of obtaining Oil in the Jabal-Hamrin and Jabal- Makhul between Tikrit and Sharqat’, 1918 (ff 217-218)
  • ‘Odd Notes on the Country between Tikrit and the Jabal-Hamrin and Jabal Makhul’, 1918 (ff 219-220)
  • ‘PRELIMINARY REPORT ON THE PROSPECTS OF PETROLEUM IN THE BAGHDAD WILAYAT’, 1918 (ff 233-236).

Also included in the volume are the following maps and geological drawings:

  • ‘TO ACCOMPANY GEOLOGICAL REPORT MESOPOTAMIA No 8’, 1920 (f 20)
  • ‘To ACCOMPANY GEOLOGICAL REPORT MESOPOTAMIA No 8 ON THE SULAIMANIYAH DISTRICT’, 1920 (f 21)
  • ‘TO ACCOMPANY GEOLOGICAL REPORT MESOPOTAMIA No: 7a. THE WATER RESOURCES OF THE MANDALI-BADRAH DISTRICT’, 1920 (f 30)
  • ‘GEOLOGICAL REPORT (MESOPOTAMIA) No 7 NOTES ON THE UNDERGROUND WATER RESOURCES OF NORTHERN MESOPOTAMIA’, 1920 (f 31)
  • ‘TO ACCOMPANY GEOLOGICAL REPORT No 6’, 1920 (f 44)
  • ‘TRANSVERSE SECTION. JABAL HAMRIN’ (f 88)
  • ‘Diagrammatic Section across Jabal Hamrine [Hamrin] in the Table mountain area, shewing [showing] relationship of Pos Tertray [Post-Tertiary] Gravel to the Tertainis [Tertiaries]’ (f 168)
  • ‘Red Clay & Sandstone Series Transverse section across Jabal Gilbat’ (f 169)
  • ‘QĀRAH TAPPAH’, 1918 (f 170)
  • ‘CHINCHĀL-TALISHĀN’, 1918 (f 172)
  • ‘SHAHRABĀN’, 1917 (f 174)
  • ‘MANSURĪYAH AL JABAL’, 1918 (f 176)
  • ‘1 Diagrammatic Section N[orth]. of the Tuz Khurmatu’ (f 183)
  • ‘2 Diagrammatic Section oposite [ sic ] Sulaiman Beg, just N[orth]. of the stream’ (f 183)
  • ‘3 Diagrammatic Section oposite [ sic ] Sulaiman Beg just S[outh]. of the Stream’ (f 183v)
  • ‘Transverse Section across Jabal Nasaz near Gil’ (f 185)
  • ‘GEOLOGICAL MAP OF NAFT KHANA DISTRICT OF MESOPOTAMIA’ (f 198)
  • ‘THE PETROLEUM DEPOSITS OF HIT’ (f 199)
  • ‘GEOLOGICAL RECONNAISSANCE IN N.E. MESOPOTAMIA’ (f 200)
  • ‘SECTION FROM SHAHRABAN TO CHAH SURKH [Chiya Surkh]’ (f 201)
  • Transverse Section Maps of Jabal Hamrin and Jabal Makhul (f 220).

The volume comprises internal correspondence between British officials of different departments. The principal correspondents are: the Civil Commissioner, Baghdad; the Under-Secretary of State, India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. ; the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. , Baghdad; officers of the Imperial Mineral Resources Bureau; and officers from the Petroleum Department.

The volume includes a divider which gives the subject number, the year the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.

Extent and format
1 volume (244 folios)
Arrangement

The volume’s contents are arranged in approximate chronological order from the rear to the front of the volume.

Physical characteristics

Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1 and terminates at the inside back cover with 246; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.

Written in
English in Latin script
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File 1450/1919 ‘Mesopotamia & Kurdistan: Geological Reports on’ [‎72v] (159/522), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/10/815, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100151508900.0x0000a0> [accessed 8 July 2026]

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Reference
IOR/L/PS/10/815
Title
File 1450/1919 ‘Mesopotamia & Kurdistan: Geological Reports on’
Pages
front, back, spine, edge, head, tail, front-i, 2r:19v, 22r:29v, 32r:43v, 45r:87v, 89r:167v, 177r:182v, 184r:184v, 186r:197v, 202r:219v, 221r:245v, back-i
Author
East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
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Open Government Licence