Correspondence Relating to Ibn Saud Circulated to Kuwait by Other Gulf Posts [180r] (359/408)
The record is made up of 1 file (202 folios). It was created in 29 May 1919-14 Sep 1922. It was written in English and Arabic. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
wound, etc., and proverbial for bitterness Here Tuwain of the Aiman
overtook us with a tent sent by Bin Jiluvi, as Farhan had returned the one
given us from Hofuf w'hen starting from the wells. Very kind of
Bin Jiluvi. At 10 a.m. halted at Shaibah, a sandy valley with some
pasture. Man and beast wanted food and rest. Took lunch and slept in the
tent poor protection against the mighty sun. Shimal is blowing, so it is
tolerable ^ Still very hot, dusty and uncomfortable. Our camels, some
Maaqul , tramelled, others not, grazed in the valley. I slept a little from
sheer exhaustion, otherwise too hot to sleep. Terrible glare of the sun. Have
adopted Ghatra and Aqal, which helps to cover the face and neck, and Aba
protects from hot wind. Farhan is very jolly and cuts jokes with the Badu
escort.
25. Started at 4-30 p.m. and passed-through
Wadi
A seasonal or intermittent watercourse, or the valley in which it flows.
Shajarah, a small
narrow Shaab, river-bed, with some shrubs and one tree, Sumr (Indian Kikarl
small stunted. - />
26. Halted for prayers and dinner at 7-30 ; re-started at 8-30.— Route
now lies over hard, stony, level ground, with small black and white pebbles.
No pasture. Halted at 2-30 a.m. A good night march which taxed me.
blept at Bizah. No population at all so far.
NA’ALAH to BIZAH,—15 HOURS.
. 27. Friday, the 23rd July =. 6th Bhil Qaadah. — Left Bizah at 5 A.M.
We are still travelling due west from Hofuf. Passed over a little plain, called
Hauzah. It is a misnomer, as the two dozen groups of small stunted Snmr
(Indian Kikar) cannot be called garden. Good shrubs and pasture. Met a
small caravan-of four men and ten camels going down to Hofuf. Ground
hard and stony. Passed through
Wadi
A seasonal or intermittent watercourse, or the valley in which it flows.
Malsuniyah at 9 a.m. and then
a high ground, sandy with half buried stones in circles. This is, Bin Adwah
says, the ruined town of Bin Yazdar,of the Bani Hilal—how old he cannot
tell. I notice what may have been the Soor, or town wall, a big circle of
stones, and many small circles and lines of stones: these might have been
houses. Tne town was deserted, I am told, for want of water—drought. No
water or population so far anywhere. Ground sandy again.
28. Halted for rest and lunch at 10 a.m. at Jasrah, a little sandy plain
with hills in the distance. Good pasture for camels. Slept better than
yesterday. Still a strong Shimal is blowing. Re-started at 4 p.m„ passed
a high water-shed or plateau of Jasrah, high ground in the middle and low,
■sandy below on sides with bright reddish sands. Halted at Bijm for prayers
and dinner at 7 p m and re-started at 9 P.M., travelling over sandy"
ground, and after a while entered into Dahanah, a big deep sandy
wadi
A seasonal or intermittent watercourse, or the valley in which it flows.
, in
which we travelled very slowly. No path or track, yet Bin Abdullah knows
his business and leads up and down big sand hills. Halted at 2 p.m. in
Dahanah. Very cool night. Slept thj;ee hours.
BIZAH TO DAHANAH—13 HOURS.
29. Saturday, 24ih July = 7th Bhil Qaadah. —Started at 5 A.M. from
Dahanah. This
wadi
A seasonal or intermittent watercourse, or the valley in which it flows.
, a very sandy one, contains biggest and most Curiously
shaped sand dunes around as far as eye can see. At 6-30 A M. met g, caravan
of Hadhar Duwasir going to Hassa. Pass over a bit of hard ground which
extends north of route some 3 or 4 miles, overgrown with good shrubs,
“Ashab” and heather. See several tracks of deer and wolf. This bit is
called the Gari Abu Jafan, or land on which Abu Jafan hill empties itself;
the surplus rain water is evidently swallowed up by the huge sands of
DaHanab. Manif t( ,Rai Sufairah” (of the yellowish she-camel) says he saw
two gazelle at a distance which soon disappeared over a sand dune—hill.
80. Halted at 9 a.m. on a clean bit of raised ground, still “Gari”.
-Saw a big flock of sheep grazing close by, first sign of life or habitation since
we left Hofuf. Sent to buy a sheep, but the shepherd refused to sell saying
he was a servant and had no authority to sell.
31. Fahad bin Jabir gave me “Aqqah” (dried whey) which mixed with
the ice cold water from our water skins is a boon. Took a long deCp drink of
it, most welcome and enjoyable in such a heat and journey in desert. Every
one pleased at the prospect of reaching water “ Al-ma ” at Abu Jafan. Bin
Adwah over-ruled Farhan and gave one Dallah full of water to each of our
1131 F&PD
About this item
- Content
The file contains correspondence relating to Ibn Saud [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd, also written as Bin Saud in the file], Amir of Nejd [Emir of Najd], forwarded to the Political Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. , Kuwait, by other British officials in the Gulf region. The correspondence primarily covers relations between Ibn Saud and Hussain [Al-Ḥusayn bin ‘Alī al-Hāshimī, also written as Husain and Hussein in the file, and also referred to as ‘the Sharif’], King of Hejaz [also written as Hijaz and Hedjaz in the file], during a British-imposed ceasefire that followed hostilities over possession of Khurma [al-Khurmah]. Subjects covered in the correspondence include:
- Ibn Saud’s possession of Khurma and Tarabah [Turabah], and the potential threat this poses towards Taif [Ta’if]
- Claims by both Ibn Saud and Hussain that the other is continuing to commit hostile actions
- Arrangements for a potential meeting between Ibn Saud and Hussain for peace talks, initially planned to take place at Aden, but changed to Mecca at Ibn Saud’s suggestion
- A request from Ibn Saud for two Indian Muslim officers to be appointed to oversee pilgrims from Nejd who will accompany Ibn Saud’s journey to Mecca, and the appointment of two officers from the Political Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. , Bahrein [Bahrain]: Khan Sayib Syed Siddiq Hasan [Khān Ṣāḥib Sayyid Ṣādiq Ḥasan] and Shaikh Farhan Beg Al Rahmah [Shaikh Farḥān Beg al-Raḥmah]
- Hussain’s refusal to remove his embargo against pilgrims from Nejd being allowed into Hejaz, and Ibn Saud’s subsequent postponement of his own journey to Mecca in favour of a small diplomatic mission on his behalf
- The departure of the mission to Mecca under Ibn Saud’s cousin Ahmad Al-Thenyan [Aḥmad bin ‘Abdullāh bin Ibrāhīm bin Thunayān Āl Saʿūd, also written as Ahmad ibn Thunaiyan and Thaniyan in the file], and accompanied by Khan Sayib Syed Siddiq Hasan and Shaikh Farhan Beg Al Rahmah, in August 1920
- Discussions between Hussain and Al-Thenyan, an agreement signed between them to re-establish friendly relations, and the mission’s return to Nejd
- Arrangements for a meeting at Ojair [Al ‘Uqayr] between Ibn Saud and Sir Percy Cox, British High Commissioner in Baghdad
- The awarding of an honorary GCIE to Ibn Saud
- Reports in 1921 and 1922 that Ibn Saud is preparing to attack Hejaz and besiege Mecca.
Khan Sayib Syed Siddiq Hasan’s reports from Riyadh in July and August 1920, including accounts of meetings with Ibn Saud, are on folios 78-113. His diary of the journey from Riyadh to Mecca is on folios 178-191. Shaikh Farhan Beg Al Rahmah’s report of the mission to Mecca and account of the return journey is on folios 191-196.
The primary correspondents are: the High Commissioner, Cairo; the Civil Commissioner, Baghdad; the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. , Bahrein; Khan Sayib Syed Siddiq Hasan; and Ibn Saud. Other correspondents include: the British Agent, Jeddah; the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. , Koweit [Kuwait]; Hussain’s son Faisal [Fayṣal bin Ḥusayn al-Hāshimī, later King of Iraq]; the Foreign Office; and the India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. .
The file contains a single item in Arabic, a letter from Ibn Saud to Sir Percy Cox dated 24 August 1922, which is on folios 202-203. An English summary of the contents is on folio 201.
- Extent and format
- 1 file (202 folios)
- Arrangement
The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the front to the rear of the file.
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 204; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio.
Pagination: the file also contains an original printed pagination sequence between ff 178-196.
- Written in
- English and Arabic in Latin and Arabic script View the complete information for this record
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- Reference
- IOR/R/15/5/398
- Title
- Correspondence Relating to Ibn Saud Circulated to Kuwait by Other Gulf Posts
- Pages
- front, front-i, 2r:8v, 10v, 13v, 15v, 18v:23v, 27v, 30v, 33v:34v, 37v:38v, 39v:42v, 48v:113v, 114v:117v, 120v:123v, 127v:142v, 144v:145v, 146v:147v, 148v:149v, 150v:159v, 161v:174v, 176v:201v, 203v, back-i, back
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence