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File 4722/1918 Pt 8 'Mesopotamia: Situation' [86r] (180/995)
The record is made up of 1 volume (491 folios). It was created in 28 Jun 1920-11 Feb 1921. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
sq aition mongers in ArUil Kirkuk and other places, it is not
s’uxpx’isthat a cx’isis apes6 •
In my opinion also until the whole of Mesopotamia is
oac' i fiea. it will now he necessary to retain troops in Ai cul -
If they are withclrawn the Division must he evacuated.
Coming when it aid the trouble has naturally affected
the payment oii> revenue; it has also compelled me to make a
slight reduction in the demand in some instances. 0.' -he
whole however 1 think the outlook is promising in the Arbil
district, and. if the troops stay we should he able to collect
everything by the end of the year. T have arrangeo- - ---^ hnlf
of the demand shall he collected in kind, in order to provide
grain for the troops,and the other half in wash at conversion
rates previously fixed. The revenues of the Bawanduz district
are unimportant,and those of Koi do not amount to much except
as regards tobacco. It is hope{ that we shall shortly re
establish the Government in Koi and collect our demand m full.
Owing to the assistance given me by certain of the Dizarh
Aghas it will he necessary to defer to them a good deal m the
future,and, the old type of Turkish genda&pe having proved
such a curse, I propose manning the police posts in the Dizarh
country by tribal sawars. Unless considerable military .
operations are undertaken we can only restore Government
; influence in the hill districts through the aghas, that is by
| reverting to a cert^ extent to Major Noel's policy, ^he
! powerful aghawat in this Division have not been crushed in the
way I understand they have in the greater part o.. -he
. . . _ r>nrvnnti "HP WitrllOllti ITlil 1 tSOTy
| sulaimaniyah Division and cannot o- G - aba
* rr ' S'':'. ; .
operations*
in Arbil it should be possible to carry on as before
and I do not recommend any immediate drastic changes in the
form of Government. As regards Koi I hope to be able to go
out there with captain Bradshaw in a few days time. Captain
Bradshaw should stay there a fortnight to reorganise the
place and appoint a Qaimaqam, perferably a non-local man. I
About this item
- Content
The volume consists of correspondence, memoranda, drafts, and departmental notes relating to rebellion against British mandatory rule in Mesopotamia [approximately corresponding to present-day Iraq], later known as the Iraqi Revolt of 1920.
The volume covers the period from the start of unrest in May 1920 to British imposition of control in October of the same year. The majority of the volume comprises reports from political officers across Mesopotamia on the situation in their respective divisions and districts.
Other matters discussed within the volume include:
- The suspected causes of the uprising, including fears of ‘Bolshevik’ and pro-Turkish influence
- Settlement of the border between Syria and Mesopotamia
- Military strategy and operations, including the need for reinforcements
- The severing of British lines of communication, particularly rail
- The efficacy and principles of the use of armoured cars and air raids as means of control following numerous cases of misidentification and disproportionate force that resulted in the deaths and injuries of innocent people
- Political and civil policy in the region
- Identification and arrest of some of the leaders of the rebellion
- The prominence of events in Mesopotamia in the British press
- The question of disarming the tribes following the suppression of the rebellion.
Principal correspondents include officials at: the India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. ; the Office of the Civil Commissioner in Mesopotamia (from November 1920, the High Commissioner); the War Office; General Headquarters of the military in Mesopotamia; and the Government of India, Foreign and Political and Army departments.
The volume contains cuttings from several publications, including: The Times , The Statesman , The Observer , The Daily Herald , The Daily Mail , The Baghdad Times , and The Near East .
The volume includes a divider which gives the subject number, the year the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence. A second divider is included, for File 4722/1918 Part 7, entitled ‘Mesopotamia: Sir A. Wilson’s invitation to Syrian Baghdadis’. This was transferred to File 5268/20 Parts 1 and 2 (see IOR/L/PS/10/913).
- Extent and format
- 1 volume (491 folios)
- Arrangement
The volume is arranged in approximate chronological order, from the rear to the front.
The subject 4722 (Mesopotamia) consists of ten volumes, IOR/L/PS/10/755-764. The volumes are divided into twelve parts, with parts 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 11 and 12 comprising one volume each. Part 10 is missing. Part 7, entitled ‘Mesopotamia: Sir A. Wilson’s invitation to Syrian Baghdadis’, was transferred to File 5268/20 Parts 1 and 2 (see IOR/L/PS/10/913).
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 489; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. Multiple intermittent additional foliation sequences are also present. The foliation sequence does not include the front and back covers, nor does it include the leading and ending flyleaves. The sequence contains one foliation anomaly, f 89a.
- Written in
- English in Latin script View the complete information for this record
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File 4722/1918 Pt 8 'Mesopotamia: Situation' [86r] (180/995), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/10/761, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100137804985.0x0000b5> [accessed 8 June 2026]
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Copyright: How to use this content
- Reference
- IOR/L/PS/10/761
- Title
- File 4722/1918 Pt 8 'Mesopotamia: Situation'
- Pages
- front, back, spine, edge, head, tail, front-i, i-r:i-v, 1r:89v, 89ar:89av, 90r:113r, 114v, 118v:120r, 121v, 127v:169v, 173r:192v, 194r:211v, 213r:223v, 225r:227r, 229r:261v, 262v:263v, 266r:279v, 280ar, 280r:293v, 294v, 295v:317v, 318ar, 318r:333v, 334v:341v, 342v:359v, 360v:400v, 404r:424v, 425ar, 425r:489v, ii-r:ii-v, back-i
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence