![File 4722/1918 Pt 8 'Mesopotamia: Situation' [‎22r] (52/995)](https://iiif.qdl.qa/iiif/images/81055/vdc_100000000419.0x00028f/IOR_L_PS_10_761_0052.jp2/full/!1200,1200/0/default.jpg "File 4722/1918 Pt 8 'Mesopotamia: Situation' [‎22r] (52/995)")
File 4722/1918 Pt 8 'Mesopotamia: Situation' [22r] (52/995)
The record is made up of 1 volume (491 folios). It was created in 28 Jun 1920-11 Feb 1921. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
in his ‘Cfcala* took advantage of the advent of troops to
escape and come into Hillah where he remained till his
trihe submitted.
On the 1st September a force under General Walker
was sent out to stabilize the situation in the neighbour
hood of the Barrage. On its return journey to Hillah it
severely punished the Juhaish who as a result surrendMtd
unconditionally. Shortly after the surrender of the
Juhaish the Muamarah attempted to follow suit, but were
prevented from doing so by threats from the Albu Sultan.
About this time various supptrters of Alwan al Shallal at
Tel Lair, such as the Fadagha, Girtan and Albu Mehi, began
to desert him and surrender to us.
On the 11th of October two Columns left Hillah
and carried out punitive operations in the neighbourhood
of Ananah, Sinjar and Tahmasiyah. On the following day
our troops occupied Tuwairij, and a Column moved towards
Kifl which was occupied on the morning of the 14th. The
punitive action taken by these Columns had the effict of
entirely crushing all further opposition from tribes on the
Right Bank of the Hillah River. The Masud and Ysar of
Hindiyah surrendv»ed and on the 16th October deputies from
Kerbala made a formal submission of the town to the G.O.C.
53rd Brigade at Tuwairij. The Right Bank at Musaiyib had
not been taken by our troops when they occupied the town on
the 13th August and promiscuous sniping by the Jenabiyin 4
continued from this bank till the 21st October when it was
occupied by our troops, the town on the Right Bank being
practically destroyed in the process.
On the 2nd November a force moved to Kerbala to
enforce fulfilment of the terrms. Three houses belonging
to leading insurgents were destroyed and the force returned
to Tuwairij on the 8th. About the beginning of November
bombing operations were undertaken against those tribes
who still refused to come in. As a result Alwan al Shallal,
who had been holding out at Tel Lair and making raids from
time to time, fled, and on the 8th November the Albu Sultan
who
About this item
- Content
The volume consists of correspondence, memoranda, drafts, and departmental notes relating to rebellion against British mandatory rule in Mesopotamia [approximately corresponding to present-day Iraq], later known as the Iraqi Revolt of 1920.
The volume covers the period from the start of unrest in May 1920 to British imposition of control in October of the same year. The majority of the volume comprises reports from political officers across Mesopotamia on the situation in their respective divisions and districts.
Other matters discussed within the volume include:
- The suspected causes of the uprising, including fears of ‘Bolshevik’ and pro-Turkish influence
- Settlement of the border between Syria and Mesopotamia
- Military strategy and operations, including the need for reinforcements
- The severing of British lines of communication, particularly rail
- The efficacy and principles of the use of armoured cars and air raids as means of control following numerous cases of misidentification and disproportionate force that resulted in the deaths and injuries of innocent people
- Political and civil policy in the region
- Identification and arrest of some of the leaders of the rebellion
- The prominence of events in Mesopotamia in the British press
- The question of disarming the tribes following the suppression of the rebellion.
Principal correspondents include officials at: the India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. ; the Office of the Civil Commissioner in Mesopotamia (from November 1920, the High Commissioner); the War Office; General Headquarters of the military in Mesopotamia; and the Government of India, Foreign and Political and Army departments.
The volume contains cuttings from several publications, including: The Times , The Statesman , The Observer , The Daily Herald , The Daily Mail , The Baghdad Times , and The Near East .
The volume includes a divider which gives the subject number, the year the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence. A second divider is included, for File 4722/1918 Part 7, entitled ‘Mesopotamia: Sir A. Wilson’s invitation to Syrian Baghdadis’. This was transferred to File 5268/20 Parts 1 and 2 (see IOR/L/PS/10/913).
- Extent and format
- 1 volume (491 folios)
- Arrangement
The volume is arranged in approximate chronological order, from the rear to the front.
The subject 4722 (Mesopotamia) consists of ten volumes, IOR/L/PS/10/755-764. The volumes are divided into twelve parts, with parts 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 11 and 12 comprising one volume each. Part 10 is missing. Part 7, entitled ‘Mesopotamia: Sir A. Wilson’s invitation to Syrian Baghdadis’, was transferred to File 5268/20 Parts 1 and 2 (see IOR/L/PS/10/913).
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 489; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. Multiple intermittent additional foliation sequences are also present. The foliation sequence does not include the front and back covers, nor does it include the leading and ending flyleaves. The sequence contains one foliation anomaly, f 89a.
- Written in
- English in Latin script View the complete information for this record
Use and share this item
- Share this item
File 4722/1918 Pt 8 'Mesopotamia: Situation' [22r] (52/995), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/10/761, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100137804985.0x000035> [accessed 12 June 2026]
https://www.qdl.qa/en/archive/81055/vdc_100137804985.0x000035
Copy and paste the code below into your web page where you would like to embed the image.
<meta charset="utf-8"><a href="https://www.qdl.qa/en/archive/81055/vdc_100137804985.0x000035">File 4722/1918 Pt 8 'Mesopotamia: Situation' [‎22r] (52/995)</a> <a href="https://www.qdl.qa/en/archive/81055/vdc_100137804985.0x000035"> <img src="https://iiif.qdl.qa/iiif/images/81055/vdc_100000000419.0x00028f/IOR_L_PS_10_761_0052.jp2/full/!280,240/0/default.jpg" alt="" /> </a>
This record has a IIIF manifest available as follows. If you have a compatible viewer you can drag the icon to load it.https://www.qdl.qa/en/iiif/81055/vdc_100000000419.0x00028f/manifestOpen in Universal viewerOpen in Mirador viewerMore options for embedding images
Copyright: How to use this content
- Reference
- IOR/L/PS/10/761
- Title
- File 4722/1918 Pt 8 'Mesopotamia: Situation'
- Pages
- front, back, spine, edge, head, tail, front-i, i-r:i-v, 1r:89v, 89ar:89av, 90r:113r, 114v, 118v:120r, 121v, 127v:169v, 173r:192v, 194r:211v, 213r:223v, 225r:227r, 229r:261v, 262v:263v, 266r:279v, 280ar, 280r:293v, 294v, 295v:317v, 318ar, 318r:333v, 334v:341v, 342v:359v, 360v:400v, 404r:424v, 425ar, 425r:489v, ii-r:ii-v, back-i
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence