!['ARBITRATION CONCERNING BURAIMI AND THE COMMON FRONTIER BETWEEN ABU DHABI AND SA'ŪDI ARABIA' [With maps] [‎77v] (159/541)](https://iiif.qdl.qa/iiif/images/81055/vdc_100075749012.0x000001/B.S. 14_371_0159.jp2/full/!1200,1200/0/default.jpg "'ARBITRATION CONCERNING BURAIMI AND THE COMMON FRONTIER BETWEEN ABU DHABI AND SA'ŪDI ARABIA' [With maps] [‎77v] (159/541)")
'ARBITRATION CONCERNING BURAIMI AND THE COMMON FRONTIER BETWEEN ABU DHABI AND SA'ŪDI ARABIA' [With maps] [77v] (159/541)
The record is made up of 1 volume (267 folios). It was created in 1940s-1955. It was written in English and Arabic. The original is part of the British Library: Printed Collections.
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
(iii) All the wells, throughout the disputed areas are free, although in the
Khatam, many of the wells were dug, and are maintained, by the Shaikhs
of Abu Dhabi. At the wells of the Dhafrah, Bani Yas, Manasir,
and ‘Awamir, are all to be found encamped amicably side by side;
(iv) There is no uniformity of tribal organization in the disputed areas: the
leaders of the Bani Yas are drawn from the A1 bu Falah, the ruling
house of Abu Dhabi; each of the sections of the Manasir has its own
leaders drawn from its particular section, but there is no Paramount
Shaikh of the tribe with authority in the disputed areas; the Badawin
division of the ‘Awamir is separated into two groups, each under its
own leader, and the groups do not correspond with the various tribal
sections; the numerous sections of the Dhawahir recognize Sultan
bin Surur as head of the tribe. Finally, each section of the Na‘Im has
its own leader; and the tribe, including the A1 bu Shamis, have always
recognized the A1 Hamud as their Paramount Shaikhs;
(v) The ruling family of the A1 bu Falah exercises a special influence, which
cuts across the organization of the tribes inhabiting the disputed areas;
while, in the Nairn settlements of Buraimi, the Sultan has a special
relationship with the Paramount Shaikh, either directly or through his
Wali at Sohar.
Way of Life
97. The Government of the United Kingdom contends that the way of life
of the tribes of the disputed areas is shaped and governed primarily by the geographi
cal and economic factors set out in Parts II and IV of this Memorial. These
factors are:—
General
(a) Whilst the disputed areas are physically separated from Hasa by the
Jafurah and Rub‘ al-Khali deserts, they are connected by well estab
lished routes, not only one with the other, but also with undisputed
Abu Dhabi territory at Abu Dhabi town, and with undisputed Muscat
and ‘Oman territory at Sohar, and with the district of the Dhahirah.
(b) The inhabitants of the disputed areas do not depend for the necessities of
life, or for their trade, upon any Sa‘udi Arabian centre. On the con
trary, all the inhabitants, whatever their tribe, depend for their necessities
and for their trade upon undisputed Abu Dhabi or Muscat and ‘Oman
centres at Abu Dhabi town, Dalmah island and Sohar, and also upon
the ports of the other
Trucial States
A name used by Britain from the nineteenth century to 1971 to refer to the present-day United Arab Emirates.
at Sharjah and Dubai. Thus,
during the Second World War, when there was a shortage of shipping,
the disputed areas were supplied by the British Government through
the
Trucial Coast
A name used by Britain from the nineteenth century to 1971 to refer to the present-day United Arab Emirates.
, and not by the Sa‘udi Arabian Government from
The Area which is the Subject of Article II (a) of the Arbitration Agreement
(a) There is an annual cycle of life based upon the date harvest in the large
• L t I , wa ’ aad u P on 1 pearling industry of the coast, the centre of
n • V 1S he undisputed Abu Dhabi island of Dalmah. In this cycle,
!n ?L co and ^ anasir Participate, inextricably mixed together, living
Ti-,p at hawa, and pearling from the same boats.
. ^ us has no relation to tribal divisions in the areas concerned;
8 Badaw?n d wm! S a ° f the Dh , afrah are occupied mainly in the winter by
or in the nearlina • m summer i* 1 the date-harvest at Liwa
Ruler of Abu DhabT ° n thC COaSt ’ Under the aus P ices of the
(b)
(c)
(d)
The thi a inhahiL e ni« iri /r a provides J an essential food supply not only for
Datoa Island and Abu DhaW townTse™"^ 8 deSertS ’ b “‘ alS ° ^
Khaur al'TJda!rFi<f rip 1 ^ ^hole coast from Abu Dhabi town to the
the fishfnn riS til P u P °? the Ruler of Abu Dhabi, who owns
the markets 8 of nalm 8 - 6 ^ t le catc h being sold as dried fish in
essen^al food sLnW.w u A ^ Dhabi ' This dried fish forms an
tribesmen of theMafrahf Inhab)tantS of Llwa and Buraimi, and of the
About this item
- Content
This volume relates to the arbitration concerning Buraimi [Al Buraymī] and the common frontier between Abu Dhabi and Sa'ūdi Arabia. The main body of text is a publication, which is introduced as being a '[M]emorial submitted by the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland'. The memorial, which was submitted to the arbitration tribunal, begins with an introduction and a copy of the Arbitration Agreement, concluded at Jedda [Jeddah] on 30 July 1954 and titled as follows: 'Arbitration Agreement Between the Government of the United Kingdom (Acting on Behalf of the Ruler of Abu Dhabi and His Highness Sultan Said bin Taimur) and the Government of Saudi Arabia' (ff 8-10). The memorial itself is divided into two halves: vol I and vol II. Vol I (ff 10-83) provides an overview of the dispute, which is structured as follows:
- 'Part I: The Nature of the Dispute Submitted to the Tribunal' (ff 10-14)
- 'Part II: Topographical Description of the Two Areas in Dispute' (ff 14-17)
- 'Part III: Historical Bases of the Claims of the Rulers of Abu Dhabi and the Sultan of Muscat to the Areas in Dispute' (ff 18-30)
- 'Part IV: The Economy of the Disputed Areas' (ff 30-32)
- 'Part V: The Tribes' (ff 33-39)
- 'Part VI: The Exercise of Jurisdiction' (ff 40-44)
- 'Part VII: Sa'ūdi Pretensions to an Ancestral Claim to Territories in Eastern Arabia' (ff 44-46)
- 'Part VIII: Revival of the Sa'ūdi Dynasty After 1900, and the Subsequent Development of the Dispute' (ff 47-62)
- 'Part IX: The Contentions of the Government of the United Kingdom in Regard to the Burden of Proof…' (ff 62-64)
- 'Part X: The Contentions of the Government of the United Kingdom in Regard to the Factors Mentioned in Article IV of the Arbitration Agreement' (ff 65-83)
- 'Part XI: Final Submissions of the Government of the United Kingdom Acting on Behalf of the Ruler of Abu Dhabi and His Highness the Sultān Sa‘īd bin Taymūr' (f 83v).
Vol II of the memorial (ff 84-254) is formed of thirteen annexes, which include the following: copies of texts of relevant treaties and engagements; copies of British documents relating to the history of Abu Dhabi and of the Buraimi Zone; copies of correspondence and documents relating to the development of the dispute; information about Līwa and the Buraimi Oasis; evidence concerning the exercise of jurisdiction by the Ruler of Abu Dhabi over the coast of the disputed area and the adjacent islands; notes on various tribes based in the disputed area; genealogical tables of the Rulers of Abu Dhabi, Muscat and 'Omān, and Najd.
The volume concludes with a series of maps (some of which are photocopies and are reduced in size), relating to the disputed area (ff 256-264). It should be noted that Map B is not present. However, included with the other maps is a gazetteer of place names (ff 265-268), in which each place name is given map co-ordinates, presumably referring to positions on the missing Map B. Written in pencil on the first page is the following note: 'Evaluates Map B'.
In addition, a small sketch map of Arabia appears at the beginning of the volume (f 4).
The Arabic material consists of some text in a couple of the maps found at the rear of the volume.
- Extent and format
- 1 volume (267 folios)
- Arrangement
The main body of text is formed of two halves. The first half (vol I) consists of nine parts, most of which are divided into sections. The second half (vol II) is composed of thirteen annexes. Both halves are preceded by a table of contents.
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the last folio, which is contained within a pouch attached to the inside back cover, with 268; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio.
Pagination: the volume also contains an original printed pagination sequence.
- Written in
- English and Arabic in Latin and Arabic script View the complete information for this record
Use and share this item
- Share this item
'ARBITRATION CONCERNING BURAIMI AND THE COMMON FRONTIER BETWEEN ABU DHABI AND SA'ŪDI ARABIA' [With maps] [77v] (159/541), British Library: Printed Collections, B.S. 14/371, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100122625233.0x0000a0> [accessed 5 July 2024]
https://www.qdl.qa/en/archive/81055/vdc_100122625233.0x0000a0
Copy and paste the code below into your web page where you would like to embed the image.
<meta charset="utf-8"><a href="https://www.qdl.qa/en/archive/81055/vdc_100122625233.0x0000a0">'ARBITRATION CONCERNING BURAIMI AND THE COMMON FRONTIER BETWEEN ABU DHABI AND SA'ŪDI ARABIA' [With maps] [‎77v] (159/541)</a> <a href="https://www.qdl.qa/en/archive/81055/vdc_100122625233.0x0000a0"> <img src="https://iiif.qdl.qa/iiif/images/81055/vdc_100075749012.0x000001/B.S. 14_371_0159.jp2/full/!280,240/0/default.jpg" alt="" /> </a>
This record has a IIIF manifest available as follows. If you have a compatible viewer you can drag the icon to load it.https://www.qdl.qa/en/iiif/81055/vdc_100075749012.0x000001/manifestOpen in Universal viewerOpen in Mirador viewerMore options for embedding images
Copyright: How to use this content
- Reference
- B.S. 14/371
- Title
- 'ARBITRATION CONCERNING BURAIMI AND THE COMMON FRONTIER BETWEEN ABU DHABI AND SA'ŪDI ARABIA' [With maps]
- Pages
- front, back, spine, edge, head, tail, front-i, 2r:4r, 5r:7v, 10v:25v, 27r:28v, 30v:45v, 47r:57r, 58v:87v, 100r:107r, 109r:127r, 128r, 130r:141v, 142v:143v, 144v:145v, 155r:155v, 157r:157v, 158v, 160r:161r, 162r:165v, 168r:169v, 170v:171r, 173v, 175r:176r, 178r:178v, 181r:181v, 183r:183v, 185r:188v, 190r:201v, 203r:206v, 207v:208r, 209r:210r, 212v:213r, 216r:216v, 218r, 220r:220v, 222r:223v, 227v, 229r:232r, 233v:234r, 240v, 242r:244r, 246r:246v, 250r:251r, 252r:255r, 265r:268v
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence