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'ARBITRATION CONCERNING BURAIMI AND THE COMMON FRONTIER BETWEEN ABU DHABI AND SA'ŪDI ARABIA' [With maps] [44r] (92/541)
The record is made up of 1 volume (267 folios). It was created in 1940s-1955. It was written in English and Arabic. The original is part of the British Library: Printed Collections.
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
73
L
the Al bu Shamis. Muhammad sent his son and cousin, with the chief of the
‘Awarmr, to the Wah to make a settlement, and wrote: “ We remain under the
orders of the Wall . Rashid bin Hamad from Hamasah also wrote report ins the
situation to the Minister. His letter is, perhaps, especially significant in view of
his subsequent conduct; for he said : “ You have asked us to help the Wali We
have accepted your call in obedience to His Majesty the King [i e the Sultknl ”
‘Ubaid bin Juma, then Shaikh of the Bani Ka‘b, also wrote in identical terms to
Rashid (1) .
33. Sometimes the local Shaikhs deal direct with the Minister, and even with
the Sultan himself, for evidence of which there exist a number of letters Thus
in 1928, ‘Ahmad bin Muhammad as Saif, the Nairn Shaikh of Hafit, wrote advising
the Minister of a claim against the Bani Umr, in respect of some camel saddles
saying that the claim had not been met 1 (2) * . Letters which passed between one of
the Al bu Shamis Shaikhs of Lower Dhank and the Sultan’s Minister of the
Interior again illustrate the working of the Administration 13 '. The Shaikh writes
asking the Minister to give a passport to a man of Dhank, whose father has died
in Zanzibar, and asks the Minister to take the necessary legal action. The Minister
replies that it will be necessary to swear a power of attorney before the Wali of
Sohar.
34. Even foreigners in Buraimi recognized the jurisdiction of the Sultan.
One, ‘Abdullah bin ‘Abdul ‘Aziz al Suliman, a Najdi living in Buraimi (who
became one of Turki’s principal assistants after 1952) wrote to the Minister, in
1949, referring to “ Our Lord the Sultan ” and to “ ‘Oman your country ” (4) 5 .
35. All the letters quoted in paragraphs 30 to 34 (from which the formal
greetings and endings have been omitted) were extracted from the Government
archives of Muscat. They are no more than examples of many similar letters
passing between the Sultan and his Minister of the Interior and the Shaikhs of the
Buraimi zone; but they afford convincing evidence of the day-to-day administra
tion of the zone by the Minister, on behalf of the Sultan, through the Wali of
Sohar and the local tribal leaders.
36. Reference has already been made in a previous Section of this Memorial
to the special position of the Rulers of Abu Dhabi in the Oasis, and to the way
in which they have safeguarded the interests of the Sultan in the settlements occu
pied by the Nairn. There are letters relating to their position* 5 *. All these provide
conclusive evidence that the exercise of jurisdiction in the Oasis has, at any rate for
60 years past, been divided between the Sultan and the Ruler of Abu Dhabi. Upon
the theft of a camel, a tribal dispute, or the distribution of the estate of a deceased
person, it was to their officials that the matter was referred, and not to any repre
sentatives of the House of Sa‘ud.
(1) See Annex F, Letters Nos. 5-8.
(2) See ibid.. Letter No. 1.
<3) See ibid., Letters Nos. 13 and 14.
(4) See ibid., Letter No. 12.
(5) See ibid.. Nos. 6 and 7.
About this item
- Content
This volume relates to the arbitration concerning Buraimi [Al Buraymī] and the common frontier between Abu Dhabi and Sa'ūdi Arabia. The main body of text is a publication, which is introduced as being a '[M]emorial submitted by the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland'. The memorial, which was submitted to the arbitration tribunal, begins with an introduction and a copy of the Arbitration Agreement, concluded at Jedda [Jeddah] on 30 July 1954 and titled as follows: 'Arbitration Agreement Between the Government of the United Kingdom (Acting on Behalf of the Ruler of Abu Dhabi and His Highness Sultan Said bin Taimur) and the Government of Saudi Arabia' (ff 8-10). The memorial itself is divided into two halves: vol I and vol II. Vol I (ff 10-83) provides an overview of the dispute, which is structured as follows:
- 'Part I: The Nature of the Dispute Submitted to the Tribunal' (ff 10-14)
- 'Part II: Topographical Description of the Two Areas in Dispute' (ff 14-17)
- 'Part III: Historical Bases of the Claims of the Rulers of Abu Dhabi and the Sultan of Muscat to the Areas in Dispute' (ff 18-30)
- 'Part IV: The Economy of the Disputed Areas' (ff 30-32)
- 'Part V: The Tribes' (ff 33-39)
- 'Part VI: The Exercise of Jurisdiction' (ff 40-44)
- 'Part VII: Sa'ūdi Pretensions to an Ancestral Claim to Territories in Eastern Arabia' (ff 44-46)
- 'Part VIII: Revival of the Sa'ūdi Dynasty After 1900, and the Subsequent Development of the Dispute' (ff 47-62)
- 'Part IX: The Contentions of the Government of the United Kingdom in Regard to the Burden of Proof…' (ff 62-64)
- 'Part X: The Contentions of the Government of the United Kingdom in Regard to the Factors Mentioned in Article IV of the Arbitration Agreement' (ff 65-83)
- 'Part XI: Final Submissions of the Government of the United Kingdom Acting on Behalf of the Ruler of Abu Dhabi and His Highness the Sultān Sa‘īd bin Taymūr' (f 83v).
Vol II of the memorial (ff 84-254) is formed of thirteen annexes, which include the following: copies of texts of relevant treaties and engagements; copies of British documents relating to the history of Abu Dhabi and of the Buraimi Zone; copies of correspondence and documents relating to the development of the dispute; information about Līwa and the Buraimi Oasis; evidence concerning the exercise of jurisdiction by the Ruler of Abu Dhabi over the coast of the disputed area and the adjacent islands; notes on various tribes based in the disputed area; genealogical tables of the Rulers of Abu Dhabi, Muscat and 'Omān, and Najd.
The volume concludes with a series of maps (some of which are photocopies and are reduced in size), relating to the disputed area (ff 256-264). It should be noted that Map B is not present. However, included with the other maps is a gazetteer of place names (ff 265-268), in which each place name is given map co-ordinates, presumably referring to positions on the missing Map B. Written in pencil on the first page is the following note: 'Evaluates Map B'.
In addition, a small sketch map of Arabia appears at the beginning of the volume (f 4).
The Arabic material consists of some text in a couple of the maps found at the rear of the volume.
- Extent and format
- 1 volume (267 folios)
- Arrangement
The main body of text is formed of two halves. The first half (vol I) consists of nine parts, most of which are divided into sections. The second half (vol II) is composed of thirteen annexes. Both halves are preceded by a table of contents.
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the last folio, which is contained within a pouch attached to the inside back cover, with 268; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio.
Pagination: the volume also contains an original printed pagination sequence.
- Written in
- English and Arabic in Latin and Arabic script View the complete information for this record
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Copyright: How to use this content
- Reference
- B.S. 14/371
- Title
- 'ARBITRATION CONCERNING BURAIMI AND THE COMMON FRONTIER BETWEEN ABU DHABI AND SA'ŪDI ARABIA' [With maps]
- Pages
- front, back, spine, edge, head, tail, front-i, 2r:4r, 5r:7v, 10v:25v, 27r:28v, 30v:45v, 47r:57r, 58v:87v, 100r:107r, 109r:127r, 128r, 130r:141v, 142v:143v, 144v:145v, 155r:155v, 157r:157v, 158v, 160r:161r, 162r:165v, 168r:169v, 170v:171r, 173v, 175r:176r, 178r:178v, 181r:181v, 183r:183v, 185r:188v, 190r:201v, 203r:206v, 207v:208r, 209r:210r, 212v:213r, 216r:216v, 218r, 220r:220v, 222r:223v, 227v, 229r:232r, 233v:234r, 240v, 242r:244r, 246r:246v, 250r:251r, 252r:255r, 265r:268v
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence