!['ARBITRATION CONCERNING BURAIMI AND THE COMMON FRONTIER BETWEEN ABU DHABI AND SA'ŪDI ARABIA' [With maps] [‎16v] (37/541)](https://iiif.qdl.qa/iiif/images/81055/vdc_100075749012.0x000001/B.S. 14_371_0037.jp2/full/!1200,1200/0/default.jpg "'ARBITRATION CONCERNING BURAIMI AND THE COMMON FRONTIER BETWEEN ABU DHABI AND SA'ŪDI ARABIA' [With maps] [‎16v] (37/541)")
'ARBITRATION CONCERNING BURAIMI AND THE COMMON FRONTIER BETWEEN ABU DHABI AND SA'ŪDI ARABIA' [With maps] [16v] (37/541)
The record is made up of 1 volume (267 folios). It was created in 1940s-1955. It was written in English and Arabic. The original is part of the British Library: Printed Collections.
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
Some barricades of palm-fronds enclose groups of two or three ^ inha h ^ d ^
pafm^treeJfro^the^ n^roachin^fand ^as 1 well°as^increasing tfie height and changing
the shane of the sand dunes. The settlements stretch in an arc rising from Aradah
aMhesouth-western end north-eastwards to Latir “df^Ssttrn end Tht
more graduallv but further south, to al-Jurairah at the south-eastern ena. Aney
Se close together, but invisible to each other, because of the height of the dunes
between them. The settlements consist of palm-frond houses, some of which are
permanently occupied. In this respect, Liwa is unique in the whole region Qufa
for instance, is a string of sweet water wells and palm-groves, running parallel with
Liwa; but it contains no permanent settlements' 1 '.
13. It is not entirely easy to state precisely the number of settlements in Liwa.
The majority of the houses are built of palm-fronds, and, in addition to the settle
ments there are many tents erected in the palm-groves, which are only occupied
during the harvest. The area has been visited five times by Europeans—by
Thesiger in March and November, 1948, and twice in 1952, by Lee-Oldfield of the
Desert Locust Survey, and by the British Assistant
Political Agent
A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency.
in Trucial
‘Oman. Despite the difficulty of accurate computation, their individual estimates
of the number of settlements in Liwa do not differ greatly, one from another:—
Thesiger
Lee-Oldfield
Assistant
Political Agent
A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency.
Permanent settlements
{ 48
22
16
Temporary settlements
16
26
Total
48
38
42
A survey party of Messrs. Petroleum Developments (
Trucial Coast
A name used by Britain from the nineteenth century to 1971 to refer to the present-day United Arab Emirates.
) Ltd., which
visited Liwa in 1955, confirmed that the best estimate of the total number of settle
ments was 42.
14. In addition to the houses there are forts and ruins of forts at some of the
settlements. There have been forts in Liwa for more than three centuries' 2 '; and
the A1 bu Falah Shaikhs of Abu Dhabi have continued to build and maintain them
there ever since. The following is a list of such as exist to-day, whether intact
or ruinous:—
al-Idd. Built, about 50 years ago, by the Manasir (A1 bu Mundhir). Now
in ruins.
al Mdrrlyah al Gharbiyafi. Built, 40—50 years ago, by a Baluchi builder on
the orders of Shaikh Hamdan bin Za’id.
al-Jabbanah. Destroyed by Shaikh Jasim of Qatar in 1889 (3 >.
Khannur. Built by the Bani Yas, in the early days of Shaikh Shakhbut’s
reign.
Humar. In the Batin. The oldest fort in Liwa, of which only the barest
traces remain. 7
Mauqab. Built by Shaikh Sultan bin Za’id. Now in ruins.
Qutuf. Built, about 35 years ago, by the Bani Yas.
Dhafir. Built, about 40 years ago, by the Bani Yas.
"""Sabi wTcmSlSSO) 8 ™ 11 by 'h' M5 ' MSir “ tlW ,ime ° f the 0ata '- Abl
NUm tL a^JabbM. “ Falah ’ bU ' deStr ° yed by Shaikh J5sim at
15. Of the 42 settlements which comprise the oasis not more than n „r,
a e s«;bes* h sssrss f “4 - ^
of the year, 24 of the 42 settlements, 6 of Lem exdusivelv^a’n^the 6aSt r par
in all the 13 settlements which are senerallv occ m eH thr^’ n d / +l y are founc
of the sections of the tribe contributfto the DomZfoni?n 8 T° Ut the year ' Si)
principally the Mazari‘ in the west the Mahanbah nr?n f K the -F IWa , SeUlernents_
the Hawamil further east Bo7h the Ba^ Yafan J fn d x9 UbaiSa m the centre > anc
in Liwa for nrore ,ha„ S
E See^Parfll^paragraphTfoTtWs^emorid 6111 ’ ^ ^ ^^alJourna,, cxvi, facing p. ,4,.
See paragraph 19, of this Memorial.
For a table showing the inhabitants of the several Liwa settlements, see Annex E, No. 1 .
About this item
- Content
This volume relates to the arbitration concerning Buraimi [Al Buraymī] and the common frontier between Abu Dhabi and Sa'ūdi Arabia. The main body of text is a publication, which is introduced as being a '[M]emorial submitted by the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland'. The memorial, which was submitted to the arbitration tribunal, begins with an introduction and a copy of the Arbitration Agreement, concluded at Jedda [Jeddah] on 30 July 1954 and titled as follows: 'Arbitration Agreement Between the Government of the United Kingdom (Acting on Behalf of the Ruler of Abu Dhabi and His Highness Sultan Said bin Taimur) and the Government of Saudi Arabia' (ff 8-10). The memorial itself is divided into two halves: vol I and vol II. Vol I (ff 10-83) provides an overview of the dispute, which is structured as follows:
- 'Part I: The Nature of the Dispute Submitted to the Tribunal' (ff 10-14)
- 'Part II: Topographical Description of the Two Areas in Dispute' (ff 14-17)
- 'Part III: Historical Bases of the Claims of the Rulers of Abu Dhabi and the Sultan of Muscat to the Areas in Dispute' (ff 18-30)
- 'Part IV: The Economy of the Disputed Areas' (ff 30-32)
- 'Part V: The Tribes' (ff 33-39)
- 'Part VI: The Exercise of Jurisdiction' (ff 40-44)
- 'Part VII: Sa'ūdi Pretensions to an Ancestral Claim to Territories in Eastern Arabia' (ff 44-46)
- 'Part VIII: Revival of the Sa'ūdi Dynasty After 1900, and the Subsequent Development of the Dispute' (ff 47-62)
- 'Part IX: The Contentions of the Government of the United Kingdom in Regard to the Burden of Proof…' (ff 62-64)
- 'Part X: The Contentions of the Government of the United Kingdom in Regard to the Factors Mentioned in Article IV of the Arbitration Agreement' (ff 65-83)
- 'Part XI: Final Submissions of the Government of the United Kingdom Acting on Behalf of the Ruler of Abu Dhabi and His Highness the Sultān Sa‘īd bin Taymūr' (f 83v).
Vol II of the memorial (ff 84-254) is formed of thirteen annexes, which include the following: copies of texts of relevant treaties and engagements; copies of British documents relating to the history of Abu Dhabi and of the Buraimi Zone; copies of correspondence and documents relating to the development of the dispute; information about Līwa and the Buraimi Oasis; evidence concerning the exercise of jurisdiction by the Ruler of Abu Dhabi over the coast of the disputed area and the adjacent islands; notes on various tribes based in the disputed area; genealogical tables of the Rulers of Abu Dhabi, Muscat and 'Omān, and Najd.
The volume concludes with a series of maps (some of which are photocopies and are reduced in size), relating to the disputed area (ff 256-264). It should be noted that Map B is not present. However, included with the other maps is a gazetteer of place names (ff 265-268), in which each place name is given map co-ordinates, presumably referring to positions on the missing Map B. Written in pencil on the first page is the following note: 'Evaluates Map B'.
In addition, a small sketch map of Arabia appears at the beginning of the volume (f 4).
The Arabic material consists of some text in a couple of the maps found at the rear of the volume.
- Extent and format
- 1 volume (267 folios)
- Arrangement
The main body of text is formed of two halves. The first half (vol I) consists of nine parts, most of which are divided into sections. The second half (vol II) is composed of thirteen annexes. Both halves are preceded by a table of contents.
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the last folio, which is contained within a pouch attached to the inside back cover, with 268; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio.
Pagination: the volume also contains an original printed pagination sequence.
- Written in
- English and Arabic in Latin and Arabic script View the complete information for this record
Use and share this item
- Share this item
'ARBITRATION CONCERNING BURAIMI AND THE COMMON FRONTIER BETWEEN ABU DHABI AND SA'ŪDI ARABIA' [With maps] [16v] (37/541), British Library: Printed Collections, B.S. 14/371, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100122625233.0x000026> [accessed 5 July 2024]
https://www.qdl.qa/en/archive/81055/vdc_100122625233.0x000026
Copy and paste the code below into your web page where you would like to embed the image.
<meta charset="utf-8"><a href="https://www.qdl.qa/en/archive/81055/vdc_100122625233.0x000026">'ARBITRATION CONCERNING BURAIMI AND THE COMMON FRONTIER BETWEEN ABU DHABI AND SA'ŪDI ARABIA' [With maps] [‎16v] (37/541)</a> <a href="https://www.qdl.qa/en/archive/81055/vdc_100122625233.0x000026"> <img src="https://iiif.qdl.qa/iiif/images/81055/vdc_100075749012.0x000001/B.S. 14_371_0037.jp2/full/!280,240/0/default.jpg" alt="" /> </a>
This record has a IIIF manifest available as follows. If you have a compatible viewer you can drag the icon to load it.https://www.qdl.qa/en/iiif/81055/vdc_100075749012.0x000001/manifestOpen in Universal viewerOpen in Mirador viewerMore options for embedding images
Copyright: How to use this content
- Reference
- B.S. 14/371
- Title
- 'ARBITRATION CONCERNING BURAIMI AND THE COMMON FRONTIER BETWEEN ABU DHABI AND SA'ŪDI ARABIA' [With maps]
- Pages
- front, back, spine, edge, head, tail, front-i, 2r:4r, 5r:7v, 10v:25v, 27r:28v, 30v:45v, 47r:57r, 58v:87v, 100r:107r, 109r:127r, 128r, 130r:141v, 142v:143v, 144v:145v, 155r:155v, 157r:157v, 158v, 160r:161r, 162r:165v, 168r:169v, 170v:171r, 173v, 175r:176r, 178r:178v, 181r:181v, 183r:183v, 185r:188v, 190r:201v, 203r:206v, 207v:208r, 209r:210r, 212v:213r, 216r:216v, 218r, 220r:220v, 222r:223v, 227v, 229r:232r, 233v:234r, 240v, 242r:244r, 246r:246v, 250r:251r, 252r:255r, 265r:268v
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence