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File 301/1921 'MESOPOTAMIA: INTELLIGENCE REPORTS' [82r] (174/586)
The record is made up of 1 volume (289 folios). It was created in 15 Nov 1920-31 Oct 1921. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
Al Dijlah No. 11, July 6.
Heads of the Tribes in ‘Iraq.
1. in Germany there is conscription and in England a voluntary armv
m founding the new Government in the ‘Iraq the wishes of the heads of the
tribes will have to be consulted for they are peculiar to the ‘Iraq There are
no political parties as m Europe but here the tribal traditions are of the first
importance. There is no country where so large a part of the population is
tribal. We must listen to their wishes and views. population is
2. An article on the demands of Mustafa Kamal who is asking for the
sr^would EngIish Papers are ^ainst^this and
favour it ^ h the frontiers of Ira( l ^d Syria. But the Italian papers
Ambitions of the Turks.
it Si 6 ^' ite y sa ys that the Turks are reckoning on the disturbances in
Egypt _ The Foreign Minister of Mustafa Kamal
Pasha
An Ottoman title used after the names of certain provincial governors, high-ranking officials and military commanders.
says that the expedi
tion which was sent to the Suez Canal in 1915 was in the interests of the
Egyptians. The Government of Angora did not acknowledge the protectorate
in Egypt.
Al Dijlah No. 12, July 7.
The Provisional Government.
1 Recapitulates the promises of France and Great Britain with regard
tc Arab freedom. When a free Arab Government was set up in Syria and the
Amir Faisal chosen as king it looked as though the ‘Iraq were not being con
sidered, yet ‘Iraq was more worthy of consideration than Syria because it was
her sons who formed the victorious army. “ We were relieved to hear of the
coronation of Amir Zaid, deputy to his brother the Amir ‘Abdullah, as king of
the ‘Iraq. Subsequently we were much delighted when the Government of
Occupation established the provisional government in ‘Iraq, not because that
satisfied us but because we expected better things. This provisional government
has performed its duties well and proved that we are worthy of political inde
pendence ”.
Speech of the Amir Faisal in Cairo, from the “ Morning Post ”.
2. He asked the correspondent of the paper to thank the British people on
behalf of himself and the Arab nation for the good reception he had received
during his stay in London. He continued that he was proceeding to Mecca to
discuss with his father. He had reached agreement with the British Govern
ment in a policy whic^i he thought a wise one but the publication of this agree
ment depended on the approval of King Husain. The correspondent asked
H.H. about his departure, and H.H. replied: “ It is dependent on the decision
of my family and the proposals of the British Government. The people of
‘Iraq wish for the help of Great Britain.”
To H.H. the Amir.
We wish to know the text of the agreement referred to by H.H. for it must
be connected with the situation of ‘Iraq.
N B .—Faisal sent for the Editor and had a private talk with him.
3. Zaghlul
Pasha
An Ottoman title used after the names of certain provincial governors, high-ranking officials and military commanders.
threatens the Cabinet that he will not co-operate with
‘Adli
Pasha
An Ottoman title used after the names of certain provincial governors, high-ranking officials and military commanders.
,
Denial.
4. Germany denies the report that the Kamalists will receive arms and
ammunition from her.
5. The Allies will intervene between the Greeks and the Turks.
The ‘Iraq Congress.
6. Reuter publishes that the purpose of the ‘Iraq Congress is that the
delegates may express their opinion as to the form of Government to be set up
in ‘Iraq.
7. The Nationalists at Angora are against Enver.
The Flag of Dulaim.
8. In praise of ‘Ali Sulaiman’s services at ‘Anah and elsewhere assisted by
Major Yetts. If the Dulaim did not participate in the rising, it was due to
‘Ali Sulaiman.
9. A letter from a correspondent praising the patriotism of the Dijlah
and defending it from the accusation of being directed towards a republic or
the crowning of an ‘Iraqi.
About this item
- Content
This volume contains the Intelligence Reports of Sir Percy Cox, High Commissioner for Mesopotamia [also written as Iraq in this volume], based in Baghdad, covering the period 15 November 1920 to 15 September 1921. They largely relate to: the political situation in Mesopotamia and the surrounding region; the formation and proceedings of the provisional government; the events leading up to the creation of Mandatory Iraq [also known as the Kingdom of Iraq under British Administration] and the election and appointment of Faisal [Fayṣal bin Ḥusayn bin ‘Alī al-Hāshimī] as the first King of Iraq [Fayṣal I].
The Intelligence Reports are numbered and appear to have been issued at two-week intervals. This volume contains the reports numbered 1-3, 9-19 and 21. There is no explanation in the volume regarding the reason for the absent reports. The format of the reports is a mixture of printed and copy typescript. Each report is preceded by a covering circular issued by the office of the High Commissioner indicating the British Government departments and the officers and departments in the Middle East to which the report was copied.
Report Nos. 1-3 are preceded by an assessment of the political situation described in the Intelligence Report, written by Major R Marrs.
The reports generally comprise the following sections:
- A summary of the report (from report No. 14 onwards only)
- An account of the proceedings of the Council of Ministers
- Analysis of current public opinion and allegiances, (notably an analysis of public opinion on the Amir [Emir] Faisal and his arrival in Mesopotamia, including a reference to his 'personal magnetism', f 88), in report Nos 16-19
- Notes on provincial affairs
- Notes on the situation at the frontiers
- Extracts of 'Iraq Police Abstracts of Intelligence' (reports No. 9-14 only).
Other subjects notably covered in various reports include:
- Assyrian, Armenian and Urumiyan [Urmian] refugees (report Nos. 2 and 19)
- Perceived foreign influences in Iraq (report Nos. 2 and 3)
- The withdrawal of Saiyid [Sayyid] Talib Pasha An Ottoman title used after the names of certain provincial governors, high-ranking officials and military commanders. [Sayyid Ṭālib bin Rajab al-Naqīb] from the Government and Baghdad (report No. 12)
- Kurdistan (report Nos. 12-14)
- Turkish and Kurdish Frontiers (report No. 12)
- Dair al Zor [Deir ez-Zor] (report Nos. 1 and 12)
- Notes on 'Internal Affairs' (Nos. 18 and 19)
- Analysis of the referendum result which confirmed the election of Faisal as Iraq's first monarch (report No. 19)
- The formation of King Faisal's first cabinet (report No. 21).
Appendices are included with some reports, usually comprising copies of the High Commissioner's proclamations or communications 'to the people of Iraq' or documents relevant to the particular report (notably 'Provisional scheme for the re-organisation of the law courts' and 'Report of the committee constituted for studying the irrigation problem in Mesopotamia' in report No. 9).
Each report is concluded with a Supplement or Press Bureau Report, comprising extensive summaries and extracts of newspaper articles published in the local and 'foreign' (local region mainly) press. Notable publications cited are: Al 'Iraq , Al Fallah Arabic for ‘peasant’. It was used by British officials to refer to agricultural workers or to members of a social class employed primarily in agricultural labour. , Al Dijlah , and (Syrian publication) Lissan al 'Arab.
The volume includes a divider which gives the subject number, the year the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references by year. This is placed at the end of the correspondence (front of the volume).
- Extent and format
- 1 volume (289 folios)
- Arrangement
The reports are arranged mostly in numerical/chronological order from the rear to the front of the volume. Report No. 18 is followed by Report No. 21 and then Report No. 19 which is the last report in the volume.
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 284; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. The foliation sequence does not include the front and back covers, nor does it include the two leading and two ending flyleaves. The sequence contains one foliation anomaly: f 267a.
- Written in
- English in Latin script View the complete information for this record
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Copyright: How to use this content
- Reference
- IOR/L/PS/10/962
- Title
- File 301/1921 'MESOPOTAMIA: INTELLIGENCE REPORTS'
- Pages
- 98r:99r, 81r:83v, 67v:69r, 52r:53r, 17v:18v
- Author
- Al Dijlah
- Usage terms
- Public Domain