File 301/1921 'MESOPOTAMIA: INTELLIGENCE REPORTS' [75v] (161/586)
The record is made up of 1 volume (289 folios). It was created in 15 Nov 1920-31 Oct 1921. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
- 1
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line following notes lave' been reeeivedl from tie' Ministry ©>f Defenee:
Tie ‘Iraqi Military College will ©pen about tie 2011 Jnly r 1921,, for a eonrse
of 3 Mentis for officers of and! above tie rani of Captain, and © moamtls for
Lieutenants and 2nd-Lieu-tenants. .
The students eonsist of one Qaimnnaqam, 7 Q'aiefc, 2& Walkil Qaids, 1© Raises,
Lieutenants and ©8 2nd-Lieutenants..
Heeiuiting may be ©onsidered to- lave opened on tie 1st July, and by tie
8th instant 673 men lad registered tlemseives. Of ties© some lave been medi
cally examined and some are yet to> be examined, as Medieal Offieers are not
stationed in eael recruiting ©entre.
At Karbala 151 volunteers lave been passed by a Medieal Offieer sent from
Baghdad.
No 1 recruits lave yet been enrolled at Diwaniyal.
Two Klaus lave been rented at Kadlimain for tie recruits of tie "Iraq
Army for whom tier© will not be accommodation in tie Cav. Barracte..
Good progress las been made in translating portions of tie British Army
Training Manuals into Arabic,
On tic whole recruiting is progressing satisfactorily, but tie higher rate
paid by the Levies to privates las somewhat of a bad effect on recruiting for
tie Iraq Army. °
, ^ !f aot proposed at present, however, to raise our rates- of pay, as it k
loped that as many recruits will be obtained at tie present rate as we can drill
and clothe at present, and for whom we lave budget provision.
PUBLIC OPINION AND THE AMIR FAISAL.
S. The salient feature during the first fortnight after Faisal’s arrival w
S v T:;T"' f P* * he ®f j>» eleeti* to the thro
ust be settled without delay. From insistence on tie necessity of summo
ng the Congress immediately, public opinion, reflected’ in tie Vernacular' ore
tunica i awards a resort to some speedier expedient Tie leads of the Mn«
had “ a * “ «frefel“
ft Thf lmC I * tI,e loeaI were advoekh
partk™, 8 rf fo;f sS? a KC W P C™ tIle extreme Sharifl “ P^y were ea@
the Amir n ,. * L W 1 '"' 1 ’** 1 * 1 whether their adherenee to it d
umtf from H Jh i' and tLT " r m ° St , 01 the ^rtees who have lately r
re^ardpd - the who came back with Faisal They a:
whom theTreJS to^reMfion” h T ,taf ! fes ® f Baghdad M also by Tfao
gaol under the amne^ ^ r t rf S Ullkhs whQl were released from Hills
Suspicion is not diminished W^he^fapt°+P 7+1° ,la( !. r } ot ™dergone sentenc(
are undoubtedly tinged with a desire to be rM f p®, p<)lltle>s I ° ,f th& extreme part
of British control. Saiyid Muhammad a t ° lf . th f ma]Ql ^te and even all fora
Suwaidi the most comnetent f ti l 1 / mmi Prominent and Na,
by the natural "folustifv Ms IattCT i
is improbable that he shares Muhammad Sadr ™ the revoIt ^ 1>Bt :
the part that the British Covernmpnt «i, i / P ] !M ^ meed with regard t
held bn July 4 and July 9 at the qop p ay . 111 Mesopotamia. Meeting
and the Ja’fariyah were made foe Hwainiyl
opinions. At foe fiJtheZLre * fe «* advance,
future complete independence of the 1 b ^ ^ exaggerated emphasis on tb
lion, pointing out ZTthrLtll lJ re P lied ^eat moclen
itself. The meeting of the JaUWivMi !° earB before it could gover
attended by most of the Sunni nSl^T “T* ^ pe-rtamt; it wan
•reported tolerably fully in the loesl ™ an< + S ° )y Christians and wa
independence expressed'by several of the 110llgr 1 tke desire for ©omplet
(see Press Supplement, Al DiHalt for iX in* down in report
was the speech of Ibrahim Naii Karimr »n -i a ! 1 ^ l^bie notable episod
to be the representative of the legal owrf, • • at X< !^ a ^ e C dde H eii yam. Claimimj
and urged that other classes of'the^nrq l °^ h ® : f f ^ ered to ’ faisal its allegianc
handled this outburst with the utmmt V' skoB d follow his example. Faisa
known what the speaker intended to sav lie mil' Saying ! llat if be hai
that he nad not come to ‘Iraq to imnose tr U i 1 have stopped him, and adding
free m their choice. He gafoed moreTdw/f T ^ P& ^ who ' ^ to hi
his jaiis et gestes since he landed at Basrah ^ S ^ 118 s P e ' ee b than by any ©j
need entertain no aLfoty^hat h’fdnwte^f StOC><1 w * s,>lki ant
-tremists, a position wMeh he has fremiemt ? , , andoned . fb e sll PP f ->rt of tM
iat he would not accept. The High ( ^ ^ e( f a r ed ™ private eonversatioi]
Churchill’s speech, published on Jrilv^T ( omn J lsslone r’s comments on Mr,
decriJve impression. The Secretary if State O hatl Pi-odn^ed a
’ &tate s P eaks with a resounding voice,
About this item
- Content
This volume contains the Intelligence Reports of Sir Percy Cox, High Commissioner for Mesopotamia [also written as Iraq in this volume], based in Baghdad, covering the period 15 November 1920 to 15 September 1921. They largely relate to: the political situation in Mesopotamia and the surrounding region; the formation and proceedings of the provisional government; the events leading up to the creation of Mandatory Iraq [also known as the Kingdom of Iraq under British Administration] and the election and appointment of Faisal [Fayṣal bin Ḥusayn bin ‘Alī al-Hāshimī] as the first King of Iraq [Fayṣal I].
The Intelligence Reports are numbered and appear to have been issued at two-week intervals. This volume contains the reports numbered 1-3, 9-19 and 21. There is no explanation in the volume regarding the reason for the absent reports. The format of the reports is a mixture of printed and copy typescript. Each report is preceded by a covering circular issued by the office of the High Commissioner indicating the British Government departments and the officers and departments in the Middle East to which the report was copied.
Report Nos. 1-3 are preceded by an assessment of the political situation described in the Intelligence Report, written by Major R Marrs.
The reports generally comprise the following sections:
- A summary of the report (from report No. 14 onwards only)
- An account of the proceedings of the Council of Ministers
- Analysis of current public opinion and allegiances, (notably an analysis of public opinion on the Amir [Emir] Faisal and his arrival in Mesopotamia, including a reference to his 'personal magnetism', f 88), in report Nos 16-19
- Notes on provincial affairs
- Notes on the situation at the frontiers
- Extracts of 'Iraq Police Abstracts of Intelligence' (reports No. 9-14 only).
Other subjects notably covered in various reports include:
- Assyrian, Armenian and Urumiyan [Urmian] refugees (report Nos. 2 and 19)
- Perceived foreign influences in Iraq (report Nos. 2 and 3)
- The withdrawal of Saiyid [Sayyid] Talib Pasha An Ottoman title used after the names of certain provincial governors, high-ranking officials and military commanders. [Sayyid Ṭālib bin Rajab al-Naqīb] from the Government and Baghdad (report No. 12)
- Kurdistan (report Nos. 12-14)
- Turkish and Kurdish Frontiers (report No. 12)
- Dair al Zor [Deir ez-Zor] (report Nos. 1 and 12)
- Notes on 'Internal Affairs' (Nos. 18 and 19)
- Analysis of the referendum result which confirmed the election of Faisal as Iraq's first monarch (report No. 19)
- The formation of King Faisal's first cabinet (report No. 21).
Appendices are included with some reports, usually comprising copies of the High Commissioner's proclamations or communications 'to the people of Iraq' or documents relevant to the particular report (notably 'Provisional scheme for the re-organisation of the law courts' and 'Report of the committee constituted for studying the irrigation problem in Mesopotamia' in report No. 9).
Each report is concluded with a Supplement or Press Bureau Report, comprising extensive summaries and extracts of newspaper articles published in the local and 'foreign' (local region mainly) press. Notable publications cited are: Al 'Iraq , Al Fallah Arabic for ‘peasant’. It was used by British officials to refer to agricultural workers or to members of a social class employed primarily in agricultural labour. , Al Dijlah , and (Syrian publication) Lissan al 'Arab.
The volume includes a divider which gives the subject number, the year the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references by year. This is placed at the end of the correspondence (front of the volume).
- Extent and format
- 1 volume (289 folios)
- Arrangement
The reports are arranged mostly in numerical/chronological order from the rear to the front of the volume. Report No. 18 is followed by Report No. 21 and then Report No. 19 which is the last report in the volume.
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 284; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. The foliation sequence does not include the front and back covers, nor does it include the two leading and two ending flyleaves. The sequence contains one foliation anomaly: f 267a.
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- English in Latin script View the complete information for this record
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- Reference
- IOR/L/PS/10/962
- Title
- File 301/1921 'MESOPOTAMIA: INTELLIGENCE REPORTS'
- Pages
- front, back, spine, edge, head, tail, front-i, i-r:ii-v, 1r:11r, 12v:13r, 20r:26v, 32v:34v, 35v:49v, 53v:57v, 59r:61r, 70v:74r, 75r:79r, 88r:94v, 99v:103v, 105r:112r, 113v:125v, 127v:128v, 129v:150v, 154v, 155v:171v, 178v:181v, 183v:190v, 192v:219v, 222v:246v, 249v:260r, 261r:264v, 265v, 267v, 267ar:267av, 268r:284v, iii-r:iv-v, back-i
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- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
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- Open Government Licence
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