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File 301/1921 'MESOPOTAMIA: INTELLIGENCE REPORTS' [63r] (136/586)
The record is made up of 1 volume (289 folios). It was created in 15 Nov 1920-31 Oct 1921. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
fvlt, “tI c T alami ‘y . and dla tre SS with the Arabs and history is full of such
from Arabs 6 ^L’b thls . count /y has P 1 ' 0 '^ that he differs not at all in tradition
branches of our tree do not need to be assured of the benefit
I l , confidence which is now increasing, especially when we see our countrv
winch has been ruined by former tyrants. It would be a disgrace to "eave It S
m^his golden era, for we can now restore it to. its former state. This cannot he
attained unless we devote ourselves to the task and think of our race and our
Llovdr 1011 ° f H 111611 ‘’f W ° rld S - ha1 ' be pr0U<i 1 cal1 t0 mind a s P eech of Mr.
Lloyd George, the greatest man living; he said: “ We came to ‘Iraq and we wish
5 mt( l ^ Gard en of Eden as it was before, and to restore the flourishing
civilization of thousands of years ago This must be our aim, but we must
emember that we cannot in a short time make good what has
been ruined by the calamities of many centuries. But we must
act °n the basis that everyone who follows the road will arrive, and God will
restore to us our glory. I have great hope of success because we are supported
by rhe greatest nation in the world, the English nation, and if we walk accord
ing to her direction and if our young men follow her counsels, the country will
progress and prosper. She will support us to-morrow as she did yesterday, and
does to-day, and we shall reach the desired goal and cover much ground in a
snort time. I have great hope that success is near. I hope to see it with my
own eyes, and if I do not see it yet the sons of this generation shall see it and
snail be proud of their country who brought forth their fathers to lay this strong
.oundation. We pray God to guide us in realising this desire. I personally have
bul one idea: the progress of the nation. I belong to no party and no creed
(madlmab) but that of all combined. I look to no individual but I look to all
who will work for the country, and I beg that the Jews will put their energy to
use, as they have done m many other countries, so that we may reach our high
desire.
Al ‘Iraq No. 348, July 19.
College of Mustansariyah.
The Ministry of Auqaf has begun to establish a school of learning called the
Madrasah Mustansariyah. This year one class will be opened in the Kablaniyah
Mosque. List of committee includes Muhammad ‘Ali Fadhil, Hikmat Bey
Sulaiman and Ma‘ruf Rasafi.
Al ‘Iraq No. 349, July 20.
The Amir’s Speech.
In praise of the Amir’s speech at the Jewish meeting.
Al ‘Iraq No. 350, July 21.
Delegations from the Districts.
1. Approval of the flocking in of the whole countryside to see the Amir,
which shows a spirit of union.
Al ‘Iraq, No. 351, July 22.
Opening of the Officers’ School on July 20.
1. The Principal of the school Ahmad Haqqi made the first speech thanking
the audience for coming to the opening of a school of which the object was the
enlightenment of the officers of ‘Iraq. Great men will graduate here inspired
by zeal for their country, brave men who will be first in attack, men whose souls
are created for war. Whosoever assists us to attain our hopes, they are our
friends, and we theirs, and we shall not be divided. Envy and enmity shall not
come between us. God keep this co-operation.”
Ja‘far
Pasha
An Ottoman title used after the names of certain provincial governors, high-ranking officials and military commanders.
, Minister of War, then spoke as follows:—
Every nation has its own hopes but these hopes must have strong foundations
without which there is neither glory nor life. We have left an existence which
was full of difficulties, we lived among people whose feelings were not ours; when
we exerted ourselves we reached no result. Many of us sacrificed themselves;
their names are inscribed on our hearts but by others they are ignored. We are
at the beginning of the road, turning our races towards a strong existence in
which we can live safely, but it cannot be achieved without defence based on the
About this item
- Content
This volume contains the Intelligence Reports of Sir Percy Cox, High Commissioner for Mesopotamia [also written as Iraq in this volume], based in Baghdad, covering the period 15 November 1920 to 15 September 1921. They largely relate to: the political situation in Mesopotamia and the surrounding region; the formation and proceedings of the provisional government; the events leading up to the creation of Mandatory Iraq [also known as the Kingdom of Iraq under British Administration] and the election and appointment of Faisal [Fayṣal bin Ḥusayn bin ‘Alī al-Hāshimī] as the first King of Iraq [Fayṣal I].
The Intelligence Reports are numbered and appear to have been issued at two-week intervals. This volume contains the reports numbered 1-3, 9-19 and 21. There is no explanation in the volume regarding the reason for the absent reports. The format of the reports is a mixture of printed and copy typescript. Each report is preceded by a covering circular issued by the office of the High Commissioner indicating the British Government departments and the officers and departments in the Middle East to which the report was copied.
Report Nos. 1-3 are preceded by an assessment of the political situation described in the Intelligence Report, written by Major R Marrs.
The reports generally comprise the following sections:
- A summary of the report (from report No. 14 onwards only)
- An account of the proceedings of the Council of Ministers
- Analysis of current public opinion and allegiances, (notably an analysis of public opinion on the Amir [Emir] Faisal and his arrival in Mesopotamia, including a reference to his 'personal magnetism', f 88), in report Nos 16-19
- Notes on provincial affairs
- Notes on the situation at the frontiers
- Extracts of 'Iraq Police Abstracts of Intelligence' (reports No. 9-14 only).
Other subjects notably covered in various reports include:
- Assyrian, Armenian and Urumiyan [Urmian] refugees (report Nos. 2 and 19)
- Perceived foreign influences in Iraq (report Nos. 2 and 3)
- The withdrawal of Saiyid [Sayyid] Talib Pasha An Ottoman title used after the names of certain provincial governors, high-ranking officials and military commanders. [Sayyid Ṭālib bin Rajab al-Naqīb] from the Government and Baghdad (report No. 12)
- Kurdistan (report Nos. 12-14)
- Turkish and Kurdish Frontiers (report No. 12)
- Dair al Zor [Deir ez-Zor] (report Nos. 1 and 12)
- Notes on 'Internal Affairs' (Nos. 18 and 19)
- Analysis of the referendum result which confirmed the election of Faisal as Iraq's first monarch (report No. 19)
- The formation of King Faisal's first cabinet (report No. 21).
Appendices are included with some reports, usually comprising copies of the High Commissioner's proclamations or communications 'to the people of Iraq' or documents relevant to the particular report (notably 'Provisional scheme for the re-organisation of the law courts' and 'Report of the committee constituted for studying the irrigation problem in Mesopotamia' in report No. 9).
Each report is concluded with a Supplement or Press Bureau Report, comprising extensive summaries and extracts of newspaper articles published in the local and 'foreign' (local region mainly) press. Notable publications cited are: Al 'Iraq , Al Fallah Arabic for ‘peasant’. It was used by British officials to refer to agricultural workers or to members of a social class employed primarily in agricultural labour. , Al Dijlah , and (Syrian publication) Lissan al 'Arab.
The volume includes a divider which gives the subject number, the year the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references by year. This is placed at the end of the correspondence (front of the volume).
- Extent and format
- 1 volume (289 folios)
- Arrangement
The reports are arranged mostly in numerical/chronological order from the rear to the front of the volume. Report No. 18 is followed by Report No. 21 and then Report No. 19 which is the last report in the volume.
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 284; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. The foliation sequence does not include the front and back covers, nor does it include the two leading and two ending flyleaves. The sequence contains one foliation anomaly: f 267a.
- Written in
- English in Latin script View the complete information for this record
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Copyright: How to use this content
- Reference
- IOR/L/PS/10/962
- Title
- File 301/1921 'MESOPOTAMIA: INTELLIGENCE REPORTS'
- Pages
- 191r:192r, 174r:176r, 172r:174r, 151r:154r, 126r:127r, 112v:113r, 104r:104v, 95r:97r, 84r:85r, 62v:64v, 50r:50v, 16r:17r
- Author
- al-Iraq xx Al-'Iraq
- Usage terms
- Public Domain