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File 357/1919 Pt 2 ‘RAILWAYS IN PERSIA’ [‎38v] (81/1150)

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The record is made up of 1 volume (573 folios). It was created in 5 Dec 1921-28 Jan 1931. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .

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2
proceeding. I reminded him that at present the cost of per kilometre in the south
was less than half what it was in the north and said, that I understood that the
American group could complete the work for a comparatively sma 1 outlay, and that
even then the total cost per kilometre would be only about 50 60 pei cent of what it
was in the north. His Highness replied that this might be so, but the Persian
Government preferred to bear the additional expenditure and do the work themselves.
6. The following day I learnt that the offices of the syndicate m Ahwaz hi been
forcibly seized by the military, including all the documents and cash that were found
there. I requested Mr. Monypenny to report what had happened and I enclose copy of
a telegram which I have received from him.
7. My German colleague tells me that the police, acting on instructions
apparently from the Persian control officer, attempted to act in a similar way in the
north, and when the Germans threatened to resist summoned help from the military.
Count Schulenburg professes to believe that the action in the north was due to a
misinterpretation of the telegraphic instructions received by the control officer. In the
end nothing was actually seized but the offices were sealed up and guards stationed in
front of them.
8. Yesterday T called on my American colleague and asked him what action, if
any, he proposed to take. Mr. Hart said that he proposed, together with Count
Schulenburg, to seek an interview with the Minister for Foreign Affairs and enquire
whether the action of the military had the approval of the Persian Government. He
went on to say that he had little doubt that the Government had ordered the military
to act as they did in the hope of securing certain documents authorising various work
to be done which they had since repudiated. As a matter of fact, he added, all
important documents are either in the American Legation or consulate at Tehran or in
the British consulate at Ahwaz. I said that Air. Shepperd had told me that he had left
certain documents at His Majesty’s consulate and I wanted to suggest that, in order to
regularise the position, he (Mr. Hart) should write me a letter asking for the good
offices of His Majesty’s consul at Ahwaz in view of the fact that the United States
Government had no consular representative in the Province of Khuzistan. Air. Hart
said that he would gladly do this.
. 9. I then told him of my conversation with Teymourtache and he entirely agreed
with me that his Highness was suffering from what can only be described as an anti-
me I 1 5' an ^niplex. In the circumstances he felt that the sooner the Ulen Compauy
cou d be quit of Persia the better. He had thought so since he had first studied the
railway position. He was now convinced of it.
10. I warned Air. Hart that the Persian Government might even go so far as to
refuse exit visas to the American members of the syndicate until a settlement had
een reac e or possibly, make difficulties about the contents, of their baggage. He
an e me for this warning and said he would telegraph to Washington on the whole
position that afternoon.
q I should add that Mr. Hart was very suspicious of the connexion of the
had tv^n SSy I - ese P r . o y e diags- The Soviet Charge d'Affaires had recently
Cxerir n mi,T gl flf" 8 W ! th le ymourtache; he was in close relations with the
as-ainst the Pel 8 ° iV y nt h c ate; the Soviet Government had an unpaid account
wanted the riilwP 1 ! ° r . 1R . e< l ul y' ent °f some £50,000 sterling for freight; they
Sble the wfef t TP 1,ed tllem r b y tter that the Germans should btdld i.4
12. The rmnurr,] 1 ■' . lls . as P ect °f l ' 1( - question needs to he carefully watched.
Minister of Court Imt e q*? n h*;™ 18 that the Shah, encouraged no doubt by the
been ovefwrou A; and F ff lmSelf em f ely “ the « Teymourtache had not
pleTuLT7oain l ; 1 fl . ni,S T raer f - V from ill-health but also from an exaggerated
course of action. I would not^oIYfa^' llav ® reconmiended such an insensate
cause for complaint or that all nL fa i t0 , Say that ttle syndicate have given no
accordance with their contract or on Hip be6n :) ' 1 ustifiedj either str ictly in
the Persian Government h i 6 gl0unds expense, but to act towards them
dudicethe businpr“„Pl!.I OUe . can . on ly. when the facts become public.
prejudice the business world u e. can only, when the facts become public,
well, have been settled by ne t ot ^l i erS1 ? T and create difficulti es which could perfectly
consider it wholly impossiblo tW th -p . °^ ver > ev en at this late hour I do not
as to make some sort of settlement wltEhPsL^caTr 16111 Climb d ° Wn ’ P ° ^
the Government of Indfa^^’ en(dosiires ’ ^ as been sent to the Foreign Secretary to
I have, &c.
R. H. CLIVE.

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Content

This volume contains papers relating to the construction of the Trans-Persian Railway. It contains material relating to:

  • The Persian Railway Syndicate’s attempt to enlist the aid of Rabbi Joseph Saul Kornfeld, the United States Envoy to Persia [Iran], and the British Foreign Office’s subsequent unfavourable attitude towards the Syndicate
  • The Persian Railway Syndicate’s proposal to invite American companies for the construction of railways in Persia
  • The concessions for the Mohammerah [Khorramshahr]-Khanakin [Khanaqin] and Khanakin-Tehran railways
  • The proposed railway from Khanakin to Tehran and the estimated cost for the three principal divisions of the railway
  • The restrictions of the British Government on the Persian Railway Syndicate’s grant of a loan to the Persian Government
  • The possibility of a ‘fusion of interests’ between the Persian Railway Syndicate and the Stronach Dutton System of Road Rails Limited
  • The possible extension of the American Chester Group’s railway concession from Turkey into Persia
  • The plans of the Prime Minister of Persia [Rezā Khān Sardār Leader of a tribe or a polity; also refers to a military rank or title given to a commander of an army or division. Sepah] for a railway line extending from Ahwaz [Ahvaz] to Khorramabad, Dizful [Dezful], and Sultanabad [Arak] to Tehran
  • The endeavour of an American group to obtain a concession for a line from Mohammerah to Khorramabad and Tehran
  • The expenditures of the Persian Railway Syndicate for the Khanakin-Tehran and the Mohamerah-Khoramabad surveys
  • The possibility of forming a Railway Syndicate with the Anglo-Persian Oil Company and Standard Oil Company
  • The Persian Government’s decision to carry out a survey of the Mohammerah-Tehran-Bandar-i Gez [Bandar-i Gaz] railway line with the assistance of a German engineer
  • The Consortium industriel pour l’Orient’s proposal to build a railway connecting Meshed [Mashhad] to the Tripoli-Homs Line
  • The preference of the British Army Council and the Air Council for an East-West rather than a North-South railway in Persia for strategic reasons
  • The exploitation of coal and iron deposits in Mazanderan [Mazandaran] for the construction of railways in Persia, and the concerns of Russia about a Trans-Persian Railway connecting the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. to the Caspian Sea
  • The Act of the Persian Majlis [Parliament] for the construction of the Persian Trunk Railway
  • The Persian Majlis’s Passage of the Bill for Railway Survey and Construction
  • The Persian Majlis’s passage of the Railway Construction Bill, from Mohammerah and Bandar-i Gez to Tehran
  • The Persian Majlis’s passage of a law for constructing a railway between Khor Musa-Mohammerah-Bandar-i Gez;
  • The Persian Majlis’s authorisation of the Minister of Public Work to employ foreign experts for the construction of the Railway;
  • The inauguration of the Bandar-i Gaz-Tehran-Ahwaz Railway in the presence of the Shah of Persia [Rezā Shāh Pahlavi]
  • The British concerns and preference for a British rather than an American firm to build the Southern Section of the Railway
  • The passage of the Railway Survey Law by the Persian Majlis and the contract between the Persian Government and the American company Ulen, and two German companies, Philipp Holzmann and Julius Berger-Siemens Union [sic., Siemens Bauunion] to carry out a complete survey of the Railway
  • The contract between the Persian Government, represented by Minister of Public Works [General Ḥabib Allāh Khān Shaybānī], and the Persian Railway Syndicate, represented by MD Carrel and MNS Mavrogordato
  • The contracts between the Persian Government and the Persian Railway Syndicate for the constructions of ports at Bandar-i Qays and Khor Musa (Bandar-i Shahpur) and a dam over the Karun River at Ahwaz
  • The plans for building the line from Bandar Shapur north of Ahwaz, and revival of the line from Hamadan to Tehran
  • The construction of the railway lines from Bandar Shah and Khor Musa, the diversion of German resources to the construction of electrical and cement works, and the postponement of building a port at Khor Musa
  • The reservations of the British Minister in Persia [Robert Henry Clive] about the construction of the Railway as opposed to motor roads in Persia, and the subsidisation of the enterprise through the tea and sugar monopolies
  • The increase in the cost of the Southern Section of the Railway and predicted opposition of the Persian Government
  • The visit by the Shah of Persia to the Southern Section of the Railway, his unfavourable impression of the state of the railway, and the American Minister in Persia’s advice to Ulen and Company to stop working on the railway in case of difficulties with the Persian Government
  • The cancellation of the contract between the Persian Government and the Persian Railway Syndicate over delayed payments, and the agreement between the German and Ulen groups within the Syndicate to work on the Northern and Southern sections of the Trans-Persian Railway respectively
  • The Anglo-Persian Oil Company’s concerns about the Railway providing greater access and mobility to the Russians
  • The dispute between the Persian Government and the German-American syndicate for the construction of the Railway
  • The negotiations between the Persian Government and the German companies Julius Berger Konsortium, Philipp Holzmann, and Siemens Bauunion for the construction of the Northern Section of the Trans-Persian Railway
  • The possible takeover by the Batignolles Construction Company of the building of the Southern Section of the Trans-Persian Railway from the American and British companies Ulen and Company and Stewart and McDonnell
  • The Persian Government’s appointment of Suzuki Hajime from the Japanese Railway Department’s Engineering Bureau
  • The breakdown of negotiations between the Batignolles Construction Company and the Government of Persia, and the latter’s decision to proceed with the construction of the remaining sections of the railway
  • The proposals of the Batignolles Construction Company to the Government of Persia in the absence of a contract
  • The extension of the Southern Section of the Railway from Khor Musa to Dizful, Hamadan and Kazvin [Qazvin], and the Northern Section from Tehran to Sari and the southern coast of the Caspian Sea.

The volume also includes the following sketch maps:

  • A sketch map of the Trans-Persian Railway, from Khor Musa to Sari and the coast of the Caspian Sea, showing the ‘Line Completed’, ‘Line Surveyed’, and ‘Division between the Northern and Southern Sections’ (f 14)
  • A sketch map of the Northern Section of the Railway, showing the routes to Pahlavi, Semnan, and Balfurush [Barfurush], with a second map of the Southern Section, showing alternative routes and termini, running either from Mohammerah or Khor Musa to Dizful and Hamadan (f 156)
  • A sketch map showing the existing and projected railways in Persia (f 204).
Extent and format
1 volume (573 folios)
Arrangement

The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the rear to the front of the volume.

The subject 357 (Persia: Railways) consists of two volumes, IOR/L/PS/10/793-794. The volumes are divided into two parts, with each part comprising one volume.

Physical characteristics

Foliation: The foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1 and terminates at the inside back cover with 573; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio.

Written in
English in Latin script
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File 357/1919 Pt 2 ‘RAILWAYS IN PERSIA’ [‎38v] (81/1150), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/10/794, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100110106179.0x000052> [accessed 11 June 2026]

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