'Administration Report of the Persian Gulf for the year 1932' [‎552r] (7/72)

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REVIEW.
Obituary. —The death of Sir Hugh Biscoe on board H. M. S. “ Bideford 1
near Henjam on the 19th July deprived those who served under him, and were
associated with him, of a personal friend, and the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. of a Political
Resident who worked unceasingly towards the advancement of its varied
interests.
Arab side .—On the Arab side the most important features of the year have
been the establishment of the Civil Air Route, the growth of Oil Interests, and
widespread economic depression.
Aviation. —As regards the Air Route, for the establishment of which Sir
Hugh Biscoe had laboured so strenuously, and so successfully, an agreement for
the establishment of an Air Port Was concluded with the Shaikh of Shargah on
the 22nd July. The necessary air facilities had previously been obtained at
Bahrain and ’ at Gwadur—an enclave An area of land belonging to one country and entirely surrounded by land of just one other country. in British Baluchistan belonging to the-
Sultan of Muscat.
Royal Air Force Flying Boats continued to patrol the coast during the year,
and occasional flights of land machines were also made.
The Air Route besides being the Civil Route to India, is also the strategical
one. In fact, the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. is now ‘ ‘ The Suez Canal of the Air ’ ’.
Oil Interests. —In Kuwait rival interests—British and American—repre
sented by the Anglo-Persian Oil Company, Limited, and the Eastern and General
Syndicate, Limited, respectively, have been striving to secure an oil concession
from the Shaikh. Neither had succeeded by the end of the year.
In Bahrain the Bahrain Petroleum Company continued to drill actively,
and before the close of the year had definitely struck oil.
In Qatar the Anglo-Persian Oil Company, Limited, secured in August the
sole and exclusive right for a period of two years to carry out geological explora
tion in the Shaikh’s territory.
Kuwait.^Besides the question of the oil concession already alluded to, Bin
Sand’s Blockade, which permitted no trade to cross the frontier of Sa’udi Arabia,
either into, or from Kuwait territory, w r a's the chief matter of interest. At the
close of fhe year in spite of various efforts to have the blockade relaxed it con
tinued unabated.
Various avenues w r ere explored With a view to solving the problem of the
Shaikh’s date gardens in ’Iraq, in connection with which His Majesty’s Govern
ment had in 1914 promised the Ruler perpetual immunity from taxation in
return for aid against the Turkish forces, but which the ’Iraq Government had
now commenced to tax. A further complication arose by certain claimants
bringing suits, one of wdiich w r as successful, in the ’Iraq Courts challenging the
Shaikh’s rights to certain of his gardens. In addition to immunity from taxation
His Majesty’s Government had likewise guaranteed the Ruler possession of
his property. No solution to the date garden problem had been found by the
end of the year.
Bahrain. —Besides the development of the Air Route and of Oil Interests
a feature of the year w^as the threatened loss of the important transit trade of
Bahrain.
Firstly .—The Sa’udi Government is endeavouring to construct a new’ port
at Ras Tanura where shipment of goods can be made direct both by steamer and
dhow A term adopted by British officials to refer to local sailing vessels in the western Indian Ocean. .
Secondly—In 1920 the Bahrain Government granted a concession to Bin
Sand by which goods intended for Nejd, transhipped at Bahrain, paid only a
small transit duty of two per cent. In addition the further concession was
granted that goods transhipped from steamer to dhow A term adopted by British officials to refer to local sailing vessels in the western Indian Ocean. in Bahrain waiters would
be exempt from the payment of any duty whatever. No advantage, however,
was, until lately, taken of the latter concession. Now^, however, the Sa’udi
Government have shown signs of taking advantage of it.
The question of reaching an amicable and mutually satisfactory agreement
between the Bahrain and Sa’udi Governments on this matter w T as under consi
deration at the end of the year.
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