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File 1707/1924 ‘Arabia:- Jeddah Situation Reports. (1924-1930)’ [‎186r] (376/898)

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The record is made up of 1 volume (445 folios). It was created in 13 Mar 1924-18 Mar 1931. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .

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feLrofe^rins^nto TOmpetSon with thlS wiD set aside the baseless
to have been their restS ^ Hr, owV^ f ssoolated companies which so far seems
^ ^ the lf - of the haras^d
19. The return of Mr. Philby has now been postponed, on account of serious
illness, until the end of November. I understand that he may be accompanied by h s
wife, m which case it remains to be seen whether, in view of his public references
to the ill success of his marriage Mr. Philby will be able to preserve that secrecy
as to his activities m Jeddah which has led him to forbid his unfortunate employees
to associate with the other resident Europeans.
20. If, however, we have lost a month of Mr. Philby’s company, the balance
has been somewhat adjusted by the arrival of Dr. van der Hoog, a Dutch bacterio
logist, formerly director of the Public Health Department in the Dutch West
Indies. Dr. van der Hoog, who is the second European to be employed by the Heiaz
Government in a professional capacity, is now installed with his twenty-eight cases
of equipment m the public hospital at the Mecca Gate, where he daily practises his
black arts of incubation, vaccination and inoculation. He expects to remain a year,
and in that time to complete the instruction of the two Syrian hospital doctors.
In the meantime, his smooth shaven face, refreshingly clean looking after the
shagginess common to other Europeans here, and his extensive English vocabulary,
highly coarse, are here for our profit.
21. Among the departures must be noted that of the French vice-consul at
Mecca, who has returned to his native Algeria, while the new arrivals include
Mazhar Aboul Ez, Egyptian vice-consul, formerly at Jerusalem. M. Mazhar has
come to take charge of the Egyptian consulate during the forthcoming absence on
leave of Amin Tewfik Bey. I gather, however, that Amin Bey has had his fill of
Jeddah and intends to make a serious effort to change its delights for those of
Manchester.
22. The only other nKwement of note was the departure of the head of the
Turkish Diplomatic Mission to the Hejaz. Suleiman Cherket Bey, who left on the
10th October, on his nomination to the Turkish National Assembly as representative
of a place he had never heard of and could not find on the map, was an agreeable if
very guarded colleague with a weakness for the title “Excellence.” He leaves his
diplomatic mission, appropriately enough in the land of Mahomet, suspended in
mid-air, and the representative of Turkish interests in the hands of an assistant of
indeterminate status.
23. Apart from securing for his Government one of the airiest houses in
Jeddah, it is difficult to determine what exactly Cherket Bey achieved during his
stay here. I know he urged the Italian consul to press his Government to recognise
Ibn Saud so as to counteract British influence in the Hejaz. I am also informed
that a Senussi who had been refused a visa by the Italian consul was supplied by him
with a Turkish passport. Otherwise he seems to have concentrated his efforts on
increasing Turco-Bolshevik intimacy. It is true that the present “charge” of the
Bolshevik agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. has been thrown on the Turks by the fact that he does not speak
the language of any of the other foreign representatives. Nevertheless, the bond is
obviously greater than a social one, and the arrival of the steamship “ Tomp,” which
carries the first Russian pilgrims and is said to be bringing to Jeddah a Turkish
trade exhibition (apparently of tinned fruits, vegetables and sweetmeats), is awaited
with interest not unmingled, in many quarters, with concern.
24. The disfavour with which the Turks are viewed in official eyes has found
recent expression in the summary dismissal of the Turkish Director of the Quarantine
and his assistant.
25. The Rolls-Royce cabriolet ordered for Ibn Saud having at last arrived has
been taken to Mecca, where it will doubtless be used by such Ministers as dare until
the return of His Majesty six months hence. The appearance in the Hejaz o. this
car, expensive and handsome though it may be, does not, however, compensate for the
rapidly diminishing British share in car imports. One can only hope that as a Royol
car the Rolls may be spared that treatment which has driven other British cars irom
the field of competition.
26. Some doubt is now entertained as to what is to happen to the two steam
rollers when they arrive. If they are put to repairing the Mecca road, expert opinion
anticipates that they will sink in the sand and stay there. Stone for road making

About this item

Content

The volume mostly contains printed copies of despatches from HM Agent and Consul, Jeddah, to the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, enclosing reports on the situation in the Hejaz (also spelled Hedjaz in the file) [now a region of Saudi Arabia], from January 1924 to December 1930, and related enclosures to the reports. These despatches were sent to the Under-Secretary of State for India by the Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs. The volume also includes India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Political and Secret Department minute papers, which include comments on the reports, and indicate that the reports had been seen by the Under-Secretary of State for India and the Political Committee of the Council of India.

The reports are monthly for January to August 1924, May 1925, September 1925 to March 1927, June 1927 to June 1930, and December 1930. Reports between these dates cover shorter periods, except July and August 1930, which are both covered by one report, and September, October and November 1930, which are also covered by one report.

The reports discuss matters including the actions of King Hussein ibn Ali al-Hashimi of the Hejaz, including his attempts to gain recognition as Caliph, and the military and financial situation in the Hejaz during the war between the Hejaz and the Saudi Sultanate of Nejd [Najd]. They report on events of the Hedjaz-Nejd war including: the capture of Taif (September 1924) and Mecca (October 1924) by Nejd; the departure of the ex-King Hussein from Jeddah; the fall of Medina and Jeddah and the surrender of the Hejaz to Sultan Abdul Aziz of Nejd [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd, also known as Ibn Saud] (December 1925); and the formal assumption of the title of King of the Hejaz and Sultan of Nejd and its Dependencies by Ibn Saud (8 January 1925).

The reports following the annexation of the Hejaz by Nejd cover internal affairs, including prohibitions introduced for religious reasons, the Hejaz Railway, the financial situation of the Hejaz-Nejd Government, and the Hejaz Air Force. They also report on foreign relations, including: the publication of an agreement, dated 21 October 1926, between Ibn Saud and Sayyid Hassan-el-Idrisi, establishing the suzerainty of Ibn Saud over Asir; relations between Ibn Saud and Imam Yahya of the Yemen; the situation on the frontiers between Nejd and Iraq, and Nejd and Transjordan Used in three contexts: the geographical region to the east of the River Jordan (literally ‘across the River Jordan’); a British protectorate (1921-46); an independent political entity (1946-49) now known as Jordan ; and the Treaty of Jeddah between Hejaz-Nejd and Great Britain (20 May 1927). They also report Ibn Saud being proclaimed King of the Hejaz, Nejd and its Dependencies (4 April 1927).

In addition, other frequently occurring topics in the reports are: the Pilgrimage [Hajj], including the arrival of pilgrims in the Hejaz, from India, Java and elsewhere, arrangements for the pilgrimage, the welfare of pilgrims, and the repatriation of pilgrims; and the slave trade and slavery in the Hejaz, including the manumission and repatriation of slaves.

The volume includes a divider which gives the subject number, the year the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.

Extent and format
1 volume (445 folios)
Arrangement

The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the rear to the front of the volume.

The subject 1707 (Arabia:- Jeddah Situation Reports. (1924-1930)) consists of one volume only.

Physical characteristics

Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 447; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 4-444; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled.

Written in
English in Latin script
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File 1707/1924 ‘Arabia:- Jeddah Situation Reports. (1924-1930)’ [‎186r] (376/898), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/10/1115, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100084998360.0x0000b1> [accessed 25 March 2025]

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