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File 978/1917 Pt 3 'Mesopotamia and Persia: occupation of Baghdad; protection of holy places' [68r] (144/410)
The record is made up of 1 volume (199 folios). It was created in 19 Mar 1917-2 Apr 1919. It was written in English and French. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
arch IQ a.rn.)
rn*.,iT n
XUj-J.-J
•RAL FRC’ CTTI
iM'^a
24 th
rrrrrtinR bagdad
’'°rch 1918(R^CPiv# a d 26a!
-m—
L/O'j
25541* Captain liar shall, Assistant Political O^tic^r,
Najtf, who aad his headquarters in building outside UajaC
town, was shot dead in his < quarters at 6 a.m. 19th March
by a party of hired assassins from NajaC who obtained
access to buildingby shooting sentry. Another officer in
the house at the tim° was wounded* Later on firing broke
out in Najaf town.
Information received indicates that three out of four
quarters of tom are quiet. Disaffected Sheikhs of Kadhim
oubbi aiid Haji Saad are^concentrated in ? T lshraq quarter i.e.
quarter of Haji Saad whence the disturbances have emanated
tnougri tlieir origin is probably external.
Cn 20th Larch cordon o£ troops was placed round tom
and ill water was cut off. Inhabitants con however use
wellml indifferent quality.
On 21st March and 22nd fighting took place between
parties of Arabs from Najaf aiid troops forming cordon.
Loyal Sheikhs, i.e. Saiyid Mahdi and some smaller men to-
getter with representatives of principal Ulama(s) met Smiles
22nd March when following terms were communicated.
Firstl Unconditional surrender or outlawing of
murderers ana of implicated Sheiklis and their principal
retainers.
Secondly . Fine of 1000 rifles and Rs.150,000.q
Jmirdlv 'One hujidred men from inplicated quarter of
trown to be deported from Najaf as prisoners.
Simultaneously with these twrms letter was sent to
Sheikh Luhammad Kazi.ua Yazdi expressing regret for occurrence
of these disturbances and anxiety of G.0.C* in Chief for
safety of Najaf and Ulema and urging to co-operate for the
restoration cf order.
No information available up to date as to nature of
reception of the above terms by townspeople.
General coinion in Kerbeia Hillah and elsewhere
strongly against. Najaf murder.
Some unimportant top sections Euphrates tribes are said
to be in sympathy with rebels.
The grave political objections to military operations
at 1'a.j f which are bound to be widely (corpniat a j) p
all over I"uiiaiamadan Vy f orld and in this country are fully
recognized.
On the other hand if we fail to exact retribution for
this outrage the effects on the Euphrates will be of the
worst and are likely to have prejudicial effect on the
military and political situation there culminating in further
assassination.
Addressed to Foreign, repeated to
India Office
The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors.
, Teheray
Sir P. Cox, Cairo, Bushire,
1
, l£J-
26 MARWW,
About this item
- Content
This volume contains correspondence, reports, telegrams and minutes regarding the protection of Shiah Holy Places and Persian subjects by the British Government after the occupation of Mesopotamia during the First World War. Related matters of discussion include the following: the situation in different cities in Mesopotamia; tours undertaken by visiting shaikhs around different towns in Mesopotamia, in order to observe the situation; relations between Russia and Great Britain, Russia and Persia, and Germany and Russia during the war; details relating to the Anglo-Russian Convention of 1907; bombardment and disturbances in Najaf during 1918 and their resulting consequences (the riots culminated in the death of Captain William Macandrew Marshall).
The correspondence in the volume is internal correspondence between British officials and the Persian Government. The principal correspondents are: Lieutenant-Colonel Sir Percy Cox; Secretary for State for India; Under-Secretary of State for India; Viceroy of India; Foreign Office; Privy Council Office; HM Consul-General to Persia; Civil Commissioner, Baghdad; Indian Expeditionary Force D, Chief Political Officer; Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. in Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. ; Political Officer, Najaf; Persian Consul-General, Baghdad and India. Other items of note include a memorandum and report on Baghdad (ff 155-157), a draft of a letter from King George V of Great Britain to the Ulema of Iraq (f 165 and f 170), and reports by Gertrude Bell regarding the situation in the Najaf-Karbala district (ff 166-122).
The volume includes a divider, which gives the subject number, the year the subject file was opened, the subject heading, and a list of correspondence references by year. This is placed at the front of the correspondence.
- Extent and format
- 1 volume (199 folios)
- Arrangement
The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the rear to the front of the volume.The subject 5320 (Mesopotamia Negotiations) consists of two volumes, IOR/L/PS/10/666-667. The volumes are divided into two parts, with each part comprising one volume.
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the first folio with 1 and terminates at the last folio with 199; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio.The foliation sequence does not include the front and back covers, nor does it include the leading and ending flyleaves.
- Written in
- English and French in Latin script View the complete information for this record
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File 978/1917 Pt 3 'Mesopotamia and Persia: occupation of Baghdad; protection of holy places' [68r] (144/410), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/10/667, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100075766294.0x000091> [accessed 6 April 2025]
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Copyright: How to use this content
- Reference
- IOR/L/PS/10/667
- Title
- File 978/1917 Pt 3 'Mesopotamia and Persia: occupation of Baghdad; protection of holy places'
- Pages
- front, back, spine, edge, head, tail, front-i, i-r:i-v, 1r:26v, 31r:199v, ii-r:ii-v, back-i
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence