'Military report on Tehran and adjacent Provinces of North-West Persia (including the Caspian Littoral)' [‎88r] (180/610)

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of a week or ten days and was followed by bright sun. Novem
ber 1919 in Tunakabun was similar. In August 1919 tue
vegetation in the Chalus forests was parched and drooping from
drought, Avhile in August 1920 much rain fell and continued with
brief intervals of sun throughout the autumn.
At the Eastern end of the Caspian snow in the lowlands is Snow,
rare. Gllan, in average winters, has falls of a few inches which
quickly thaw. Heavy falls, however, do occasionally occur.
"In the winter of 1912-3 there was one fall of 6', and m 1920
at the beginning of February drifts 6' in depth blocked the road
between Manjil and Rasht for several days. This winter was
exceptionally severe all along the coast and fros cause §
damage to the orange trees in Tunakabun and Mazandara .
The highlands are snow covered as in the Persian plateau sec^ x
and most routes across the Elburz are rendered impassa ®
December to March [see chapter X “ Communications, ^para.
(c)].
The Elburz range shelters these provinces from landwmds and Wmda.
the prevailing winds are from N. W., N. and N. E. especially
from N. N. W.
A hot dry wind.. ‘Bad-i-garm, is said to blow at intervals
between November and early June all along the Caspian an
be very unpleasant.
An easterly wind called ‘Dasht-i-Bad’ brings fine weather,
especially in spring, and a North West wine , ca e rain,
blowing principally in autumn and winter, quit y - >
This ‘ Gil-i-Bad ! is » stormy wind, tat less so than the Kter,^
which blows straight off the sea, chiefly e tW e r
November and February, and owing to the shallowne ^
Caspian raises enormous waves in the space o one .
When the wind drops the sea calms with equal sudde
During summer the Elburz valleys act as funnels ** mog f
northerly wind. The gale which rages at Manpl is th
striking and well known example, but the same p
a smaller scale occurs in many of these va ey^.
2. Climate of the Persian Plateau Section.
The climate of the Persian plateau section of are ^ S Genera1,
affected by any peculiar conditions like that of the Casp
provinces.
> In January 1905 a ^
a severe frost which froze the Murdah sufficiently hard ior
from Pir-i-Bazar to Enzali.