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File 53/1915 Part IV 'German War: Turkey; Caliphate etc' [‎224v] (445/481)

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The record is made up of 1 item (242 folios). It was created in 1915-1916. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .

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by regular officers, and are perhaps more accustomed to manoeuvre than the
newly raised divisions of British and Colonial troops, which must be of
better individual quality but perhaps collectively less mobile.
I should also like to reinforce what I have said on the general political
situation, with regard to the necessity of co-operation and co-ordination as
regards our various theatres in the East ; and also of urging the importance
of a clear understanding among the Entente Bowers, which would enable
available troops to be used at available points. If my tour has impressed
me with one thing above another, it is the advantage which our enemy gains
by using every available local asset as a part of one harmonious scheme.
I should also take this opportunity of saying that no matter how dark
things may look, we must never forget that Turkey is undoubtedly getting
exhausted in men, and that the poverty and distress in the provincial
capitals of Syria and Mesopotamia is always an advantage to us, the advent
of Entente troops meaning trade and payment in lieu of requisition and
extortion.
In conclusion 1 mention that I saw the Resident at Aden and Colonel
Jacob. I believe that the commandant of the Turkish forces outside Aden
might not be beyond the reach of financial influence ; he is isolated and
cannot attack us, and doubtless dare not retire for fear of punishment; his
Turkish soldiers are also deserting to us pretty freely, about 29 Anatolian
Turks and 3 Syrians having come in in the last three weeks.
Major-General C. E. Callwell,
' C.B., &c., Ac.,
Director of Military Operations,
War Office, Whitehall, S.W.
I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient servant,
M. Sykes.

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Content

Part 4 consists of correspondence relating to the possible declaration of a caliphate in Arabia and is a continuation of part 3 (IOR/L/PS/10/525/1). The papers tell of the British assessment of the situation and the French attitude, as well as correspondence and negotiations with Ḥusayn bin ‘Alī al-Hāshimī, the Grand Sharif of Mecca. The file also discusses the British view of the proposed blockade of the Arabian ports in the Red Sea.

The file also includes a printed document (ff 25-242) marked 'secret' entitled 'Policy in the Middle East', which consists mainly of communications on the military situation in Mespotamia from Lieutenant-Colonel Sir Mark Sykes to the Director of Military Information.

The discussion over such matters is mostly between Sir Arthur Henry McMahon, the General Officer Commanding, Egypt, and the Commander-in-Chief, India.

Extent and format
1 item (242 folios)
Arrangement

The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the rear to the front.

Written in
English in Latin script
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File 53/1915 Part IV 'German War: Turkey; Caliphate etc' [‎224v] (445/481), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/10/525/2, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100054091590.0x000037> [accessed 18 June 2026]

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