'GAZETTEER OF PERSIA. VOL. III. PART I: A to K' [‎356r] (716/1278)

GAR—GAR
349
GARDANEH (Birkeh)—
A place in the Lingeh district (q.v.).
GARDANEH DARBADAM— Lat. Long. Elev.
A pass in Kirmanshah on the road from Kirmanshah to Baghdad via
Mandali and Harunabad, and 47 miles south-west of Kirmanshah city. It
consists of an open watershed connecting two valleys, viz., the Syehes and
Pusht-i-Tang-i-Jumark. A high range of hills is south of it and a lower one
to the north. The approaches to it are very easy. The hills and slopes on
either side of it are well wooded, principally with dwarf oak. There is good
^ grazing upon it and immediately east of it is a small spring. It is a small
* camping-ground of the Kalhur Kurds. Its elevation is 5,920 feet.—
(Vaughan.)
GARDANEH DARREH DARIGH— Lat. Long. Elev.
A pass in Kirmanshah on a road between the Asmanabad and Ivan valleys.
It passes through Bankur after leaving Asmanabad. The pass is about
9 miles in length, and out of this 7 miles are either over rocks or else along
a roadway strewn with loose stones. Its summit is reached at the 6th.
mile from the northern side. The ascent from the north is not steep ;
it runs over a series of rounded hills, each higher than the other, with the
intervening ground nearly level. It runs through forest throughout. The
summit of the pass is about 6,200 feet in height' the actual pass being 100
yards broad, between low, rounded hills which are easily accessible. The
descent on the southern side into Ivan is down a narrow vallev with a dry
water-course : lower down there are high cliffs some distance apart on either
^ side. The high ground above the cliffs being smooth, the rounded slope of
the range easily accessible from the summit of the pass. The pass can be
easily defended by a small force from any attempt to force it from the
south. It could be defended by a large force from the north, but with con
siderable difficulty, their line of retreat down the gorge, if the enemy
gained the heights on either side, being cut off. The only water is at Chab
Gam Gam, 2| miles north of the summit of the pass. It is turnable
south-east and north-north-west by the Gardaneh Duruga, distant about
6 miles.— {Vaughan.)
GARDANEH DURUGA— Lat. Long. Elev.
A pass in Kirmanshah on one of the roads from Mandali to Kirmanshah
city via Harunabad. It leads from Ivan on its southern side through
Bankur into the Asmanabad valley, near the ruins of the old town, fts
* northern slope appears to be fairly easy, the southern one being said to
be steeper. It runs through forest. It is passable to laden mules.—
(Vaughan.)
GARDANEH GHAZALAN-— Lat. Long. Elev.
A pass in Kirmanshah on one of the roads from Mandali to Kirmanshah
city via Harunabad. It crosses the Kaluja range. It is reached on its
southern side by a road running nearly east from the ruins of Asmanabad,
in the \alley of that name, into another small valley, crossing a low water
shed en route. It then ascends the Kaluja range running amongst oak
trees, and descends into the Guar valley. It is passable to laden mules,