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Coll 6/48 'Oil: Concessions in Saudi Arabia. (Hasa)' [‎459v] (920/1153)

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The record is made up of 1 file (574 folios). It was created in 8 Dec 1923-11 Jul 1945. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .

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Article 10.
As soon as it becomes possible {i.e., the Company will be allowed a leasonable
time for ordering additional tools and for their shipment to Saudi Aiabia to
meet the additional work after the date of discovering oil m commercial
quantities), the Company should continue digging, by means o wo iggmg
machines, till it completes digging all over the fixed zone, m confoimi y wi v
the practice observed in first-class oil-fields, or until this agreement expires.
Article 11.
The Company shall pay to the Government royalty on all crude oil drawn
out or stored, and which runs or flows from the field storage, aftei deducting
First: Water and other foreign substances.
Second : Oil which will be required by the Company for its oidmaiy woik
within Saudi Arabia.
Third : Oil which will be required for the purpose of manufacturing
quantities of benzine and kerosene, which will be supplied fiee to the
Government every year in pursuance of article 16 of this agi cement.
The amount of royalty on each ton net weight of crude oil will be {a) 4s. gold or
its equivalent, or (b) in accordance with the choice which the Company may make
at the time of payment of each instalment, 1 American dollar on each ton of
crude oil, plus the difference in the rate of exchange in accordance with the
average of the rates of exchange for the three months before the payment of the
instalment. For instance, if the average rate of exchange is 1 dollar or 14 cents
United States currency for each 4s. gold {i.e., that the value of £1 gold has
become equivalent to 5 dollars and 70 cents), the amount of royalty on each ton
net weight of crude oil will then be 1 dollar and 4 cents.
Article 12.
If the Company extracts, stores and sells any kind of mineral oil, it should
pay to the Government a royalty equivalent to one-eighth of the revenue from
sales. Nevertheless, it is understood that the Company is not bound to extract,
store and sell any mineral oil, and it is also understood that the Company is not
bound to pay any royalty in respect of the oil which will be used by the Company
for its ordinary work, machines and other establishments in the Saudi Arab
Kingdom.
Article 13.
The Government have the right, through representatives properly authorised
on their behalf, to inspect during working hours the work carried out by the
Company, in accordance with the provisions of this agreement, and to check the
quantities produced. The Company should keep correct accounts and measures
of quantities of oil gained and stored and which run from the depot of the
field, in accordance with the practice observed in the first-class oil-fields.
Government representatives who are properly authorised have the right to check
the said accounts at all convenient times. After the expiration of one half-year
as from the date on which the oil is discovered in commercial quantities, the
Company should submit to the Government a half-yearly account within a period
of three months following the said half-year, and submit a statement showing
the amount of royalty due to the Government for that half-year. The Govern
ment should treat these accounts and statements as confidential, with the exception
of figures which the Government may find it necessary to publish for certain
financial purposes. The royalty which will be due to the Government should
be paid at the end of each half-year, as from the date on which oil is discovered
in commercial quantities, and such payment should be made within the period
of the three months following that half-year. In the case of any dispute which
may occur in respect of the amount of royalty due for a half-year, the Company
should hand over to the Government within the fixed period that part of the
rovalty which is not in dispute. The dispute which may arise between the two
parties should be settled by them, and if they do not come to a settlement in this
wav. then such dispute may be settled by means of arbitration provided for in
this agreement. Any amount which will be decided after this settlement should
be paid to the Government within sixty days, as from the date on which the
decision is given.

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Content

This file relates to oil concessions in Saudi Arabia, particularly the Hasa [Al Hasa] concession between the Government of Saudi Arabia and the Standard Oil Company of California (SoCal). It includes discussion of the following:

  • Oil negotiations in Saudi Arabia during March and April 1933, and the reported involvement of Major Frank Holmes in negotiations relating to the Kuwait (also spelled Koweit in the file) [Saudi-Kuwaiti] neutral zone.
  • Details of an agreement for the oil concession relating to the Hasa region of Saudi Arabia, made between the Government of Saudi Arabia and SoCal (signed on 27 May 1933), and assigned by SoCal to its subsidiary, the California Arabian Standard Oil Company (Casoc).
  • British concerns regarding a request made by Casoc via the United States Embassy for its aeroplane to be permitted to fly over Kuwait and Bahrain, as part of a survey of the region relating to its oil concession.
  • Reports that Casoc may be interested in exhanging the southern half of its Hasa concession for land further west, and the effect that this might have on Britain's negotiations with Ibn Saud [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd].
  • Reports of the discovery of oil in Hasa in 1935, and the discovery of commercial quantities of oil there in March 1938.
  • Reports that Casoc is considering the possibility of laying a pipeline from Hasa to Bahrain.
  • Casoc's oil rights in the Kuwait neutral zone.
  • The progress of operations carried out in Hasa by Casoc, including the status of its wells at Dhahran.
  • An account of a visit made by the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. at Bahrain (Hugh Weightman) to Casoc's site at Dhahran as well as to other areas in the region, in May 1939.
  • Details of a loan from Casoc to the Government of Saudi Arabia.
  • Reports of Casoc having taken the decision to construct a refinery at Ras Tanura.

The file features the following principal correspondents: the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. ; the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. , Bahrain; the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. , Kuwait; the Secretary of State for the Colonies; His Majesty's Chargé d’Affaires, Jedda; the His Majesty's Minister at Jedda; officials of the Foreign Office, the India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. , the War Office, the Air Ministry, and the Petroleum Department; representatives of Casoc.

In addition to correspondence the file includes the following:

  • Copies of the oil agreement and a supplementary agreement between the Government of Saudi Arabia and the Standard Oil Company of California, dated 1933 and 1939 respectively.
  • Extracts from Bahrain and Kuwait intelligence reports.
  • The minutes of an interdepartmental meeting held at the Colonial Office on 26 April 1933, concerning British interests in oil in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. (notably Kuwait, Bahrain, Hasa in Saudi Arabia, and the Kuwaiti neutral zone).
  • Draft and final copies of a War Office report entitled 'Brief Summary of the Oil Situation in the Middle East, November 1934'.

The date range of the volume is 1923-1945 but only a handful of items date from before 1933. These include copies of the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. 's correspondence with the Secretary of State for the Colonies and the Foreign Secretary to the Government of India respectively, which date from 1923 to 1926 and concern the possibility of oil development both in Qatar and on the Trucial Coast A name used by Britain from the nineteenth century to 1971 to refer to the present-day United Arab Emirates. .

The file includes three dividers which give a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. These are placed at the back of the correspondence (folios 2-4).

Extent and format
1 file (574 folios)
Arrangement

The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the rear to the front of the file.

Physical characteristics

Foliation: the foliation sequence for this description commences at the inside front cover with 1, and terminates at the last folio with 575; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. A previous foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.

Written in
English in Latin script
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Coll 6/48 'Oil: Concessions in Saudi Arabia. (Hasa)' [‎459v] (920/1153), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/12/2115, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100040749884.0x00007b> [accessed 9 June 2026]

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