'Reports of administration for 1918 of divisions and districts of the occupied territories in Mesopotamia. Volume I' [‎218v] (441/470)

4d8
Beg-i-Muhd. Pasha An Ottoman title used after the names of certain provincial governors, high-ranking officials and military commanders. , who must he one of, if not the biggest of, the landowners of the
Kirkuk Sanjaq.
The ancestor of the Talabani tribe, Shaikh Hakim, handed on lands at Qarah
Bulaq now cultivated by Shaikh Wahab.
Other Tapu estates were acquired by cultivators in small lots, especially round
Kifri; but a great many of these have sold their rights to the members of the Baban
and Sadah family.
Of the third kind, Waqf land, the following rights have been noted :—
Kifri District .—Rich lands at Zardao, totalling about 70 faddans, are allotted
to the Shaikh ‘Abdul Qadir TVaqfs, Avith particular benefit for the Takiyah at Kirkuk.
Both the Government share and the rent of the land are thus allotted.
Tuz District .—The rent and Government share of four villages in the Tuz
district are allotted to the service of the shrine of Shaikh Muhsin.
These are the only instances in which estates are completely set aside for Waqf.
Of Miri ground which has remained Miri since the time of Midhat Pasha An Ottoman title used after the names of certain provincial governors, high-ranking officials and military commanders. there
is none, save perhaps the small estate at Oniki Imam; one-fourth of the rent and
Government share is set aside as Waqf for Oniki Imam.
‘Uqr is title in land, and it is not uncommon in the Kifri district. In some
cases the rights of ‘Uqr are set aside as Waqf for particular pious or philanthropic
purposes; in others it seems to be an additional right OAvned by the proprietor of the
Tapu rights. In most cases it is 2| per cent., hut there are cases of 5 per cent, and
of 3 J 0 th. The ‘Uqr is taken from the crop before di^sion. Sometimes called
Malikanah.
The sixth kind of title in land is one which I have discovered in the Zanganah
tribe near Ibrahim Khanji and in the Jaf area at Sar QaTah. It is called tahrir.
Apparently it is Miri land for Avhich a Tapu sanad has never been obtained, but for
which the occupants paid Wargi assessed on the size of their holdings, and in respect
of which they hold an order accepting them as occupants of the land, by proclaiming
them liable to Wargi; this order they call tahrir, and regard as a kind of title. I
have not yet fully investigated this kind of land title.
Land Itevenue : Division of the Crop .—As in ‘Iraq, taxation of land is assessed
according to the profits made. There are no exceptions to this in the Kifri district.
The division of the crops, however, differs in a peculiar Avay according to the
peculiar ease or difficulty with which the crops are irrigated. The Kifri and Qarah
Tappah districts have one system and the Tuz nahiyah another system.
In the Kifri and Qarah Tappah districts the crops are divided as folloAvs
Winter Crops.
!8aifi Crops.
Net crop, if -
-
-
-
Irrigation.
Rain.
Irrigation.
100
100
100
Government Revenue share
-
-
10
10
10
Water (landowner) -
Landowner’s share (rent) -
-
-
-
10
* —
20
-
-
-
5
5
20
Turkish cesses
-
-
_
‘4
4 '
2 |
Peasant cultivator -
”
-
82|
That is to say, the Government receives from Sanniyah Irrigated 27J, from
Sanniyah Daim I7i, from Sanniyah Saifi 52|, from Tapu Irrigated 12|, from Tapu
Haim 12^, from Tapu Saifi 12 J. The water share is counted as a return for expense
which was incurred, or ought to have been incurred, by the proprietor.
From Tuz, however, the shares are similar, except the water share.
In the Kifri and Qarah Tappah districts the rent, 5 percent., and the water share,
10 per cent., are both taken by the proprietor of the ground. In the Tuz Khurmatu
district there are three systems: (i) that of the Baiyat Muqata‘ah ; (ii) that of the
Haudah Muqata‘ah; (iii) that of the town itself. In the case of the Baiyat the water
share is taken by the Government from both Sanniyah and Tapu, while in the Haudah
and Tuz toAvn it is not imposed at all. The Saifi shares are exactly similar to those
of Kifri, except that what few Tapu estates exist are not considered entitled to
receive irrigation.