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'IRAQ AND THE PERSIAN GULF' [360r] (722/862)
The record is made up of 1 volume (430 folios). It was created in 1944. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
WATERWAYS 561
depots. The dimensions of the Kut lock (264 ft. by 54 ft. 6 in.)
restrict the size of steamers and barges. This section is now by
passed by the Kut-Baquba railway (p. 602), as it was during the
War of 1914-1918 by the Kut-Baghdad railway.
Baghdad to Mosul. This section has ledges and occasional gorges
with rapids, and wide expanses with confused channels, islets,
shingle banks, and conglomerate bars (some the remains of ancient
dams). When the river is high enough to make the bars passable, the
current is often so strong that the rapids and bends become imprac
ticable. Two small native-owned steamers navigate this section
periodically in the high-river season, taking about 15 days to reach
Mosul and 4 days to return to Baghdad; British steamer owners
regard the section as unsafe for navigation. Practically all the traffic
is downstream by rafts (kelleks), which are often damaged by rocks.
Above Mosul. The swiftness of the current and the alternating
rapids and bars make upstream navigation impossible and down
stream raft navigation difficult and dangerous.
Euphrates Navigation
The Euphrates is too shallow for steamer navigation, but small
native sailing craft carry from 20,000 to 50,000 tons a year on the
lower river. There is shakhtur and raft traffic on the upper Euphrates.
The two principal obstacles to navigation are the Hammar Lake
(average depth only 2 ft. 6 in.), and the swamps between Samawa and
the Hindiya barrage. Channels were dredged through both during
the War of 1914-1918, but were afterwards abandoned.
Navigation on the Euphrates has many of the same difficulties as
on the Tigris, especially shoals and islands. There are also sunken
masonry obstructions and, above Hit, stone piers carrying water
wheels. The beam of craft is limited by several pontoon bridges and
by the Hindiya lock. The opening or closing of the Hindiya barrage
also affects navigable conditions.
With an adequate survey, and work at difficult points, the Euphrates
should be navigable by motor launches as far as the Syrian frontier.
Shatt al Gharraf Navigation
Native craft use the Shatt al Gharraf to transport grain to Basra.
Before the construction of the Kut barrage, the Gharraf was navigable
only during the high-river season, but the barrage now ensures a flow
throughout the year.
' J
A 5195
OO
About this item
- Content
The volume is titled Iraq and the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. (London: Naval Intelligence Division, 1944).
The report contains preliminary remarks by the Director of Naval Intelligence, 1942 (John Henry Godfrey) and the Director of Naval Intelligence, 1944 (E G N Rushbrook).
There then follows thirteen chapters:
- I. Introduction.
- II. Geology and description of the land.
- III. Coasts of the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. .
- IV. Climate, vegetation and fauna.
- V. History.
- VI. People.
- VII. Distribution of the people.
- VIII. Administration and public life.
- IX. Public health and disease.
- X. Irrigation, agriculture, and minor industry.
- XI. Currency, finance, commerce and oil.
- XII. Ports and inland towns.
- XIII. Communications.
- Appendices: stratigraphy; meteorological tables; ten historical sites, chronological table; weights and measures; authorship, authorities and maps.
There follows a section listing 105 text figures and maps and a section listing over 200 illustrations.
- Extent and format
- 1 volume (430 folios)
- Arrangement
The volume is divided into a number of chapters, sub-sections whose arrangement is detailed in the contents section (folios 7-13) which includes a section on text-figures and maps, and list of illustrations. The volume consists of front matter pages (xviii), and then a further 682 pages in the original pagination system.
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 430; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio.
Pagination: the file also contains an original printed pagination sequence.
- Written in
- English in Latin script View the complete information for this record
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Copyright: How to use this content
- Reference
- IOR/L/MIL/17/15/64
- Title
- 'IRAQ AND THE PERSIAN GULF'
- Pages
- front, back, spine, edge, head, tail, front-i, 2r:253r, 254r, 255r:429v, back-i
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence