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'IRAQ AND THE PERSIAN GULF' [341v] (685/862)
The record is made up of 1 volume (430 folios). It was created in 1944. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
PORTS AND INLAND TOWNS
532
the town is a desert market for shepherd and camel nomads. Cultivation
is developing apace in the district with the improvement of the canals.
Water is obtained from the Euphrates.
Communications
Land: Tarmac road [4] [15] east to Baghdad and west to Rutba and
Haifa in Palestine, crosses the Euphrates by a bridge of 5 truss spans on
steel cement-filled piers (photo. 218). It is 900 feet long and 12 feet wide.
South-east a route follows the left bank of the Euphrates to Musaiyib.
North-west beyond Ramadi the road [4] along the right bank is generally
unmetalled.
Water : The Euphrates is navigable upstream to Hit by vessels of mini
mum 3 feet draught at all seasons; downstream to Hindiya the minimum
is 4 feet.
Air: The R.A.F. Cantonment and air base of Habbaniya is on the right
bank of the Euphrates 14 miles upstream of Falluja.
Halabja. 35 0 io' N., 45 0 59' E.; alt. 2,300 feet. Pop. 2,000. Qadha cap.,
Sulaimaniya Liwa.
Halabja is a very small town lying in an open plain 40 miles south-east
of Sulaimaniya, with hills rising to over 5,000 feet south and south-east.
The population consists chiefly of Kurds with a few Persians, Jews, and
Christians (photo. 203).
The plain of Halabja, formerly known as the plain of Shahrizor, Strong
City, or Shahr-i-Bazar, Market Town, contained since Sassanid times a
prosperous agricultural population of Kurds and Chaldean Christians until
the massacres and misgovernment of the fanatic Abdul Qadir about 1700
laid the countryside waste. In the eighteenth century Halabja was re
populated by Jaf Kurds, and since about 1800 has grown in local importance
at the expense of Gulian Bar 20 miles to the north, the former ‘Market
Town’. About then it became the residence of the paramount Agha of the
Pushtamala sections of the Jaf Kurds, and has been the centre of the qadha
of Shahr-i-Bazar since the late nineteenth century. After 1895 it grew in
size and character under the administration of the Jaf agha Uthman
Pasha
An Ottoman title used after the names of certain provincial governors, high-ranking officials and military commanders.
and his Persian-Kurdish wife, the famous Adela Khanum who designed
and built the local bazaar and thereby attracted trade.
There are about 350 houses, including some fine buildings in the Persian
style and the square bazaar of Adela Khanum. The general atmosphere is
Persian. The town is surrounded by thickly wooded gardens which lie
away from the houses. Much tobacco is grown in the Halabja district and
rice and other cereals in the plains near the Tanjero. There is some trade
with Persia. In summer the Jaf element moves up into the cooler hills.
Water is taken from a tributary of the Tanjero. Hospital of 20 beds.
About this item
- Content
The volume is titled Iraq and the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. (London: Naval Intelligence Division, 1944).
The report contains preliminary remarks by the Director of Naval Intelligence, 1942 (John Henry Godfrey) and the Director of Naval Intelligence, 1944 (E G N Rushbrook).
There then follows thirteen chapters:
- I. Introduction.
- II. Geology and description of the land.
- III. Coasts of the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. .
- IV. Climate, vegetation and fauna.
- V. History.
- VI. People.
- VII. Distribution of the people.
- VIII. Administration and public life.
- IX. Public health and disease.
- X. Irrigation, agriculture, and minor industry.
- XI. Currency, finance, commerce and oil.
- XII. Ports and inland towns.
- XIII. Communications.
- Appendices: stratigraphy; meteorological tables; ten historical sites, chronological table; weights and measures; authorship, authorities and maps.
There follows a section listing 105 text figures and maps and a section listing over 200 illustrations.
- Extent and format
- 1 volume (430 folios)
- Arrangement
The volume is divided into a number of chapters, sub-sections whose arrangement is detailed in the contents section (folios 7-13) which includes a section on text-figures and maps, and list of illustrations. The volume consists of front matter pages (xviii), and then a further 682 pages in the original pagination system.
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 430; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio.
Pagination: the file also contains an original printed pagination sequence.
- Written in
- English in Latin script View the complete information for this record
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Copyright: How to use this content
- Reference
- IOR/L/MIL/17/15/64
- Title
- 'IRAQ AND THE PERSIAN GULF'
- Pages
- front, back, spine, edge, head, tail, front-i, 2r:253r, 254r, 255r:429v, back-i
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence