'IRAQ AND THE PERSIAN GULF' [‎338r] (678/862)

PORTS AND INLAND TOWNS 525
Electricity is provided by a municipal power station and chlorinated water
by a pumping-station with a capacity of 80,000 gallons a day.
The bazaars contain grain and meat, vegetables and fruit in season;
cattle and goats are abundant in the neighbourhood. There are consider
able exports of cattle and grain by river to Basra and Baghdad. Wool,
skins, and hides are also exported. Abas (Arab cloaks), Kurdish rugs, and
silver-ware made by the Sabians, are among the local products. Ice and
soda-water factories exist.
Communications
Water: There is communication by river steamer and native vessels
with Baghdad and Basra. The marshes to the east of the Amara area can
be penetrated by boats and local knowledge.
Land: Unmetalled road [1] on the left bank north to Kut and Baghdad,
and on right bank south to Basra; an unmetalled route north up the right
bank to Kumait and Ali Gharbi, passing through marshy country; a dry-
weather wheel-route east follows the Nahr Mashara and crosses the
Hawiza desert to Ahwaz in Persia.
Air : Air landing-ground west of the Tigris.
Ana. 34 0 28' N., 41° 58' E.; alt. c. 500 feet. Pop. 9,000. Qadha cap.,
Dulaim Liwa. Rainfall station (P. and T.).
Ana is on the south bank of the Euphrates 35 miles directly north-north-
west of Haditha and 96 miles west of Tikrit, beneath a steep cliff, above
which rises the desert plateau. There are palm-groves and small fields of
barley around the settlement and a chain of small fertile islands parallel
with the town, which are cultivated and sometimes inhabited.
Ana is an agricultural settlement and desert market, more than a quarter
of whose inhabitants are Jews. The town consists of a long straggling
street 6 miles long between the cliff and the Euphrates, the houses clinging
close to the rocks. The sarai stands on the edge of a wadi A seasonal or intermittent watercourse, or the valley in which it flows. at the east
end of the town, in which there are eight quarters, the oldest being the
Bait al Kohli. The Jews live in the quarters of A 1 Uja and Ash Sharia
and have a synagogue. Many of the houses in Ash Sharia have thick
walls, wider at the base than the top, small windows and castellations,
and an enclosing machicolated wall; they are often of three stories but
without ground-floor windows. The bazaar of about 200 shops is fre
quented by Dulaim shepherd tribesmen, and Amarat or Shammar beduin.
There is an old fort on Lubbad island. The decaying village of Rawa rises
in terraces on the left bank of the river bend opposite and just above Ana,
and is reached by ferry. Water is from the Euphrates, and supplies of rice,
dates, flour, barley, fruits, and sheep abound. The civil hospital has 6 beds.
The centre of the Ana settlement originally lay on the islands. From
Assyrian to Parthian times there was a town and fort of Anatho on the isle