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'IRAQ AND THE PERSIAN GULF' [286r] (574/862)
The record is made up of 1 volume (430 folios). It was created in 1944. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
IRRIGATION, AGRICULTURE, AND MINOR INDUSTRY 441
machines and water-wheels are in common use. These machines are
slow, but the water raised by them is more carefully used and the
land watered with it is better tilled. The simplest is the water-
hoist (dalia, shaduf) 1 consisting of a rope and bucket tied to a counter-
Fig. 76. Water-wheels at Hit
weighted lever which works across a horizontal supporting bar; the
lift is about 6 feet. The sakia, qalib, or sharrad is a water-hoist
worked by an animal which pulls the bucket up by a rope running
over a pulley (photo. 169). These are used often in pairs along the
Euphrates between Ramadi and Musaiyib, and singly on the Tigris
between Samarra and Kut. On the upper Euphrates and also on the
Tigris near Mosul big water-wheels or norias are used (fig. 76) which
work by the force of the current. They are set on stone piers built
out into the river, and the many pots which are fitted to the rim of the
wheel empty into an elevated conduit set on the top of the pier. The
most complicated is the Persian water-wheel, also called sakia, mostly
used on the middle Euphrates. An animal, usually blindfolded, pulls
round a big wooden horizontal cog-wheel geared to a vertical wheel
which turns a bucket-carrying wheel set on the same axle in the
water; a trough carries the water off to the irrigation ditch. They
may lift up to 20 feet.
Land irrigated by lift is reckoned to be more valuable and is now
more extensive (1944) than land irrigated by flow.
Northern Iraq
There are no large canals and no great irrigation works in the north
except for the recently constructed canal from the lower Little Zab
1 The following terms are sometimes confused, different names probably being
used in different areas. Dalia can be used for any bucket-hoisting apparatus,
even wheels. Sakia is generally confined to the cogged-wheel apparatus.
About this item
- Content
The volume is titled Iraq and the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. (London: Naval Intelligence Division, 1944).
The report contains preliminary remarks by the Director of Naval Intelligence, 1942 (John Henry Godfrey) and the Director of Naval Intelligence, 1944 (E G N Rushbrook).
There then follows thirteen chapters:
- I. Introduction.
- II. Geology and description of the land.
- III. Coasts of the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. .
- IV. Climate, vegetation and fauna.
- V. History.
- VI. People.
- VII. Distribution of the people.
- VIII. Administration and public life.
- IX. Public health and disease.
- X. Irrigation, agriculture, and minor industry.
- XI. Currency, finance, commerce and oil.
- XII. Ports and inland towns.
- XIII. Communications.
- Appendices: stratigraphy; meteorological tables; ten historical sites, chronological table; weights and measures; authorship, authorities and maps.
There follows a section listing 105 text figures and maps and a section listing over 200 illustrations.
- Extent and format
- 1 volume (430 folios)
- Arrangement
The volume is divided into a number of chapters, sub-sections whose arrangement is detailed in the contents section (folios 7-13) which includes a section on text-figures and maps, and list of illustrations. The volume consists of front matter pages (xviii), and then a further 682 pages in the original pagination system.
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 430; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio.
Pagination: the file also contains an original printed pagination sequence.
- Written in
- English in Latin script View the complete information for this record
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'IRAQ AND THE PERSIAN GULF' [286r] (574/862), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/64, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100037366480.0x0000af> [accessed 22 March 2025]
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Copyright: How to use this content
- Reference
- IOR/L/MIL/17/15/64
- Title
- 'IRAQ AND THE PERSIAN GULF'
- Pages
- front, back, spine, edge, head, tail, front-i, 2r:253r, 254r, 255r:429v, back-i
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence