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'IRAQ AND THE PERSIAN GULF' [179r] (362/862)
The record is made up of 1 volume (430 folios). It was created in 1944. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
THE ARAB CALIPHATES 251
series ended with the exhaustive geographical dictionary of Yaqut
(1179-1229), a Baghdadi slave by origin. This mass of geographi
cal observation was not translated into Latin and made no direct
impression on European thought until the seventeenth century.
The historical writers, who in industry and soundness of method
rivalled the geographers, remained unknown to Europe until modern
times. The great books were those of Masudi (d. 956) of Baghdad,
who treated history by topics or themes, and the ‘annals of the
apostles and kings’, written in chronological order, of Tabari (836-
923), who came to Baghdad from Tabaristan. In fiction, as in
histoiy, the Moslems had no Greek teachers. The characteristic
form v/as the Maqamah, created by the Persian Hamadani (c. 1000)
and successfully imitated by Hariri of Basra (1054-1122). The
Maqamah consisted of dramatic anecdotes, in rhyming prose and
snatches of verse, relating the adventures of a witty vagabond. The
well-known Arabian Nights is a late Egyptian recension of popular
tales of mixed origin, the first drafts of which go back to Abbasid
times.
Jurisprudence and Theology
The Moslems rivalled the Romans and Byzantines in the complete
ness of their legal system. Moslem jurisprudence, unlike history and
fiction, was influenced somewhat by the Byzantine-Roman system
in principle and method. The main ‘rites’ or schools of thought
originated early in Abbasid times, from the teaching of the juris
prudents of Baghdad and Medina. A traditional discourse between
Mohammed and his legate Muadh runs:
Mohammed: How wilt thou decide when a question arises ?
Muadh: According to the Book of Allah.
Mohammed: And if thou findest nought therein ?
Muadh: According to the Traditions of the Messenger of Allah.
Mohammed: And if thou findest nought therein?
Muadh : Then shall I apply my own reasoning.
In Islam, theology and law or sharia are akin, both being based on
the Koran and the Traditions. Their sphere is within the gap left
by the silence of these sources. The ferment of thought in the
Abbasid period was much concerned with these silences, and there
emerged schools of thought and heresies which still dominate Islam.
The Mutazila movement, starting from the doctrine of free will and
a knowledge of Greek philosophy, led to wide and free speculation
About this item
- Content
The volume is titled Iraq and the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. (London: Naval Intelligence Division, 1944).
The report contains preliminary remarks by the Director of Naval Intelligence, 1942 (John Henry Godfrey) and the Director of Naval Intelligence, 1944 (E G N Rushbrook).
There then follows thirteen chapters:
- I. Introduction.
- II. Geology and description of the land.
- III. Coasts of the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. .
- IV. Climate, vegetation and fauna.
- V. History.
- VI. People.
- VII. Distribution of the people.
- VIII. Administration and public life.
- IX. Public health and disease.
- X. Irrigation, agriculture, and minor industry.
- XI. Currency, finance, commerce and oil.
- XII. Ports and inland towns.
- XIII. Communications.
- Appendices: stratigraphy; meteorological tables; ten historical sites, chronological table; weights and measures; authorship, authorities and maps.
There follows a section listing 105 text figures and maps and a section listing over 200 illustrations.
- Extent and format
- 1 volume (430 folios)
- Arrangement
The volume is divided into a number of chapters, sub-sections whose arrangement is detailed in the contents section (folios 7-13) which includes a section on text-figures and maps, and list of illustrations. The volume consists of front matter pages (xviii), and then a further 682 pages in the original pagination system.
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 430; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio.
Pagination: the file also contains an original printed pagination sequence.
- Written in
- English in Latin script View the complete information for this record
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'IRAQ AND THE PERSIAN GULF' [179r] (362/862), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/64, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100037366479.0x0000a3> [accessed 24 March 2025]
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Copyright: How to use this content
- Reference
- IOR/L/MIL/17/15/64
- Title
- 'IRAQ AND THE PERSIAN GULF'
- Pages
- front, back, spine, edge, head, tail, front-i, 2r:253r, 254r, 255r:429v, back-i
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence