'IRAQ AND THE PERSIAN GULF' [177r] (358/862)
The record is made up of 1 volume (430 folios). It was created in 1944. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
THE ARAB CALIPHATES
247
regions were immediately and forcibly converted to Islam, which by
its primitive simplicity and freedom from theological and ecclesiastical
complexity attracted plenty of volunteers.
It was during the Abbasid Caliphate that the majority of the
inhabitants of the empire became Moslems, sometimes forcibly, but
more often under the social and economic pressure of legislation
directed against non-Moslem subjects (Dhimmis) which regulated
their dress, excluded them from the service of the State, and dis
allowed the testimony of Dhimmis against Moslems. But a man was
generally free to retain his faith with the status of a Dhimmi. Also
the restrictive laws, which originated in the time of the Omayyad
Caliph Omar II, were seldom put fully into effect. Thus in Iraq large
Many Christians held high office in the Caliphate. There were
several Christian vizirs in the ninth and tenth centuries, and most
of the physicians of the Caliphs were Nestorians. As late as 1138
began to fade away. The thoroughgoing anti-Christian tradition of
Islam seems to originate in the East, with the barbarian conquerors
of Turkish and Mongolian race. The Abbasid period was indeed the
hey-day of the Nestorian missionary effort when churches were
founded in India and China.
Jews fared as well as Christians. Prior to the Moslem conquest
Judaism had spread widely in southern Mesopotamia. There were
great universities and seminaries where Jewish scholars worked out
the rabbinical system and composed the Mesopotamian Talmud,
which has been of greater importance than the Palestinian version.
Under Islam Jews were subject to disabilities similar to those of
the Christians, but Judaism flourished and the colony at Baghdad
iginKfa, communities maintained their separate faiths throughout the Abbasid
bwerede- period, particularly Jews and Christians.
the privileges of the Nestorians were confirmed anew by Muktafi,
though with the advent of the Seljuk Turks the tradition of tolerance
About this item
- Content
The volume is titled Iraq and the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. (London: Naval Intelligence Division, 1944).
The report contains preliminary remarks by the Director of Naval Intelligence, 1942 (John Henry Godfrey) and the Director of Naval Intelligence, 1944 (E G N Rushbrook).
There then follows thirteen chapters:
- I. Introduction.
- II. Geology and description of the land.
- III. Coasts of the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. .
- IV. Climate, vegetation and fauna.
- V. History.
- VI. People.
- VII. Distribution of the people.
- VIII. Administration and public life.
- IX. Public health and disease.
- X. Irrigation, agriculture, and minor industry.
- XI. Currency, finance, commerce and oil.
- XII. Ports and inland towns.
- XIII. Communications.
- Appendices: stratigraphy; meteorological tables; ten historical sites, chronological table; weights and measures; authorship, authorities and maps.
There follows a section listing 105 text figures and maps and a section listing over 200 illustrations.
- Extent and format
- 1 volume (430 folios)
- Arrangement
The volume is divided into a number of chapters, sub-sections whose arrangement is detailed in the contents section (folios 7-13) which includes a section on text-figures and maps, and list of illustrations. The volume consists of front matter pages (xviii), and then a further 682 pages in the original pagination system.
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: the foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover with 430; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio.
Pagination: the file also contains an original printed pagination sequence.
- Written in
- English in Latin script View the complete information for this record
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'IRAQ AND THE PERSIAN GULF' [177r] (358/862), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/64, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100037366479.0x00009f> [accessed 3 January 2025]
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Copyright: How to use this content
- Reference
- IOR/L/MIL/17/15/64
- Title
- 'IRAQ AND THE PERSIAN GULF'
- Pages
- front, back, spine, edge, head, tail, front-i, 2r:253r, 254r, 255r:429v, back-i
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence