'Kurdistan and the Kurds' [‎54r] (107/122)

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P. 49, 1. IS. Reshkotanli or Reshkota.
Called also Rushdunik; a sedentary tribe situated between the
Batman Su and the Redvan Su. There are 7 sub-tribes, Khasarka,
Darmanka, Shekhuka, Babujanka, Bundurka, Chaluka and Piroka.
The tribesmen are chiefly occupied in agriculture and sheep-breeding
they are savage and quarrelsome and are only nominally under the
control of the Turkish authorities. A few villages only, which re
mained Armenian, paid taxes to the Turkish Government. Most of
the Mamagoni amalgamated with the Khalda, an Armenian tribe ;
the rest constitute the Kurdish tribe called Mamiga. (See Mamakan,
p. 61, 1. 33).
P. 50, 1. 87. Modeki or Motikan.
(Or Motga, formerly Mfigwis or Mogwis). This tribe inhabits a
woody and fertile tract of upland country in the Antokh Dagh ; its
boundaries are the main road from Mush to Bitlis on the N., that
from Bitlis to Zok on the E., the Gherzan tribe on the S., and Sassun
on the W. * The tribe is very strong and all the tribesmen are good
riders and skilful with the rifle. In March, 1919, they seized Bitlis,
drove out the Turkish authorities, and held the town for about a
fortnight, till they were expelled by a strong force sent against them
from Van.
P. 51, 1. 30. Dersimli Kurds.
The Dersimli began to yield to the Turkish Government in 1848
and were placed under a native governor; in 1887, however, the Turks
annexed the district to the vildyah of Kharput. The tribes have
always remained hostile to the Government. The district is noted
for the large number of its monasteries, which tends to prove that
the people of the Dersimli were once Christians, probably Armenians ;
in fact, many people believe that the Dersimli are sprung from the
Armenian tribe, Terchan.
P. 52, 1. 10. Palu.
Another small tribe near Palu is the Houn, a sedentary people
occupying the Pala-Hovid valley to the S.E. of the town. This tribe
also is a mixture of Kurds and Armenians.
P. 54, 11.10 and 16. Penjiman and Mamagan.
Situated on the Redvan Su are the Khalda, a powerful Armenian
tribe, which is divided into the Mamigan, Penjinar and Bamord; the
first two of these sub-tribes are clearly identical with the Mamagan
and Penjiman in this report. The whole group is under hereditary
chiefs of the Kalusdian orKaloyan family. The Mamigan and Bamord
are partly Armenians and partly Kurds ; the majority of the Penjinar
are Kurds. All the tribesmen now speak Kurdish. Branches of the
Khalda are still found in Jezirat-ibn-‘Omar, Urfah and Marash, whither
they were deported long ago and where they were forced to embrace
Islam.