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'A handbook of Turkey in Europe (London: Intelligence Division, Admiralty; 1917)' [38v] (81/348)
The record is made up of 1 volume (170 folios). It was created in 1917. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
72
RELIGIONS
palace ; so that the saying arose that he 4 contented himself
with sermon and coin It is to be noted that Moti was driven
from the caliphate by the Turkish soldiery in the year 974
in consequence of public acts of veneration for the memory
of Ali.
Assumption of Title by Sultan of Turkey. Mostasim, the
last Caliph of Baghdad, was overwhelmed in the storming of
the city by the Mongols, being compelled to bring forth the
hidden treasures of his family, and was killed with two of his
sons and many relations in 1258. With him expired the
Eastern caliphate of the Abbasids which had lasted 524 years.
A descendant of the Abbasids, who had found an asylum in
-Egypt; was proclaimed caliph at Cairo under the name of
A1 Hakim Bi-Amrillah. His sons inherited his title, but, like
their father, remained in Egypt without power or influence.
Their shadow of sovereignty ceased to exist on the conquest
of Egypt by the Turkish sultan Selim I, who compelled the
last of them, Motowakkil, to abdicate in 1517. Motowakkil
was at the same time compelled to bestow upon Selim and his
successors the title of caliph. The Sultan also acquired from
him the sacred banner and other relics of the founder of
Islam, which have since been preserved in the Seraglio at
Constantinople.
Nature of the Office. Neither Koran nor Sunna (i.e. accepted
tradition) distinguishes between temporal and spiritual
powers, and no such distinction was known so long as the
caliphs acted in all things as successors of the Prophet and
heads of the community of the faithful. But as the power
of the Abbasids declined the distinction became more evident,
especially when the Buyids, who were disposed to Shiah
views, proclaimed themselves sultans, i. e. possessors of all
real authority. The theologians tried to uphold the view
that the sultanate was subordinate to the sovereignty of the
caliphs and dependent on the latter, especially in all religious
matters, but their theories never modified facts. The various
dynasties of sultans never paid heed to the caliphs. The
Mamelukes in Egypt had tried to make their government
About this item
- Content
Copy of 'A handbook of Turkey in Europe, prepared on behalf of the Admiralty , Admiralty War Staff, Intelligence Division, January 1917.'
The volume contains thirteen photographic plates (folios 99-106) and a map (folio 171).
Contents (folio 6):
Section I
- I. Boundaries and Physical Features, p 9 (f 7);
- II. Climate, p 27 (f 16);
- III. Modern History, p 34 (f 19v);
- IV. Ethnology and Languages, p 49 (f 27);
- V. Religions, p 66 (f 35v);
- VI. Government and Administration, p 96 (f 50v);
- VII. Turkish Social Life, p 114 (f 59v);
- VIII. Economic Geography and Finance, p 142 (f 73v);
- IX. Chief Towns, p 166 (f 85v);
- X. Money, Weights and Measures, the Calendar, p 185 (f 95).
Section II. Itineraries.
- Roads, p 193(f 107);
- Railways, p 276 (f 148v).
Index, p 307 (f 164).
- Extent and format
- 1 volume (170 folios)
- Arrangement
The volume contains a table of contents at folio 6, and an index at folios 164-170.
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the inside front cover with 1 and terminates at the inside back cover with 172; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. An original pagination sequence is present in parallel between ff 7-170.
- Written in
- English in Latin script View the complete information for this record
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'A handbook of Turkey in Europe (London: Intelligence Division, Admiralty; 1917)' [38v] (81/348), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/16/17, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100034200923.0x000052> [accessed 10 February 2025]
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Copyright: How to use this content
- Reference
- IOR/L/MIL/17/16/17
- Title
- 'A handbook of Turkey in Europe (London: Intelligence Division, Admiralty; 1917)'
- Pages
- front, back, spine, edge, head, tail, front-i, 2r:98v, 107r:170v, back-i
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence