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'P. 1 733/1904. Muscat Arbitration. (1904-08).' [267v] (541/778)
The record is made up of 1 volume (385 folios). It was created in 1903-1906. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
10
the purpose of preventing his subjects from engag
ing in the oversea Slave Trade from Africa, and of
preventing the import of African slaves into his
dominions either in transit to other parts of the
world, or for sale in Oman. By these Treaties
the Sultan has entered into definite obligations
as to the measures to be undertaken within his
territories and territorial waters for the sup
pressing of such trade.
The European Powers have for many years
interested themselves in the suppression of the
oversea Slave Trade from Africa to Asia, and
that trade has ceased to be carried on by Euro
peans, and so much of it as still remains is carried
on by Asiatics or Africans in native craft.
France has for many years refused to permit
the exercise by warships of any other Power of
any droit de visits on the high seas with regard
to ships carrying the French flag. Arabs con
cerned in the oversea Slave Trade (“ traite des
noirs ”) are fully aware of this policy, and have
sought to obtain the benefit of the French flag in
two ways : (1) by hoisting it without authority ;
(2) by obtaining licence to hoist it from French
Consuls in the Eastern seas, or from the authorities
in French Colonies or Protectorates.
The existence of this abuse of the French flag
by Asiatics has been ascertained by the experience
of the naval officers engaged in suppressing the
oversea Slave Trade, and the attention of the
French Government has been from time to time
called to the abuse of the French flag by Arab
slave-traders.
In 1890 a Conference of the Powers was held at
Brussels for the purpose of concerting measures
for the complete suppression of the African Slave
Trade, and the Conference resulted in the passing
of a General Act on the 2nd July, 1890.
The General Act w T as ratified by France on the
2 nd January, 1892, subject to a provisional reser
vation with a view to a later agreement of Articles
21 , 22, 23, and 42 to 61. This partial ratification
was coupled with a declaration that Articles 30-41
would be spontaneously applied by the French
Government in the territory of Obokh, and, ac
cording to necessity, in the Island of Madagascar
and the Comoros.
The effect of the partial ratification is to pre
serve the claim of France to resist any claim to
exercise on the high seas the droit de visite or to
detain ve."&els under the French flag which are
suspected of carrying slaves.
1845.
1878
II. Aitchison.
Naval
Instructions.
Slave Trade
Reports,
1888, c. 5578
(No. 72), to 1901.
Note .—The Act
is too long- to be
included in the
Appendix, but a
copy may be at
tached to or lodged
with the Case.
See “ Brussels Act,
1890,” Treaty
Series, pp. 96, 97.
About this item
- Content
The volume discusses a dispute between the British and French Government’s over the use of French flags on Muscat dhows and individuals dhow A term adopted by British officials to refer to local sailing vessels in the western Indian Ocean. owners from Muscat claiming to be protégés of France owing to their vessels being registered as French.
The two governments agreed in October 1904 for the dispute to be taken to the Permanent Court of Arbitration at The Hague, and the award, which was approved by the British Government in September 1905, was concluded primarily in favour of the British Government’s position. The complete award in English and French can be found at folios 135-141.The papers include reports and discussions on other matters linked to the arbitration case including the limits of Oman territory; the question of ownership of Gwadar; and the legal status and nationality of the Khoja peoples residing within Muscat and Oman. The principal correspondents in the volume include the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs (Henry Charles Keith Petty-Fitzmaurice, 5th Marquess of Lansdowne); the Secretary of State for India (William St John Fremantle Brodrick, 1st Earl of Middleton); the Secretary to the Government of India in the Foreign Department (Louis William Dane); the Viceroy of India (George Nathaniel Curxon, 1st Marquess Curzon of Kedleston); the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. and Consul at Muscat (William George Grey); the French Consul at Muscat (Lucien-Ernest-Roger Laronce); the French Ambassador to the United Kingdom (Paul Cambon); and representatives of the Foreign Office and the India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. .
The volume is part 1 of 3. Each part includes a divider which gives the subject and part numbers, year the subject file was opened, subject heading, and list of correspondence references contained in that part by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.
- Extent and format
- 1 volume (385 folios)
- Arrangement
The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the rear to the front of the volume.
The subject 733 (Muscat Arbitration) consists of 3 volumes, IOR/L/PS/10/25-27. The volumes are divided into 6 parts with parts 1 and 2 comprising one volume each, and parts 4, 5, and 6, comprising the third volume.
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: the main foliation sequence (used for referencing) commences at the front cover with 1 and terminates at the back cover with 386; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence, which is also circled, has been superseded and therefore crossed out.
Condition: The spine has become detached from the volume and has been placed in a polyester sleeve at the back of the volume as folio 395. The sleeve may result in some loss of sharpness in the digitised image.
- Written in
- English in Latin script View the complete information for this record
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Copyright: How to use this content
- Reference
- IOR/L/PS/10/25
- Title
- 'P. 1 733/1904. Muscat Arbitration. (1904-08).'
- Pages
- front, back, spine, edge, head, tail, front-i, 2r:9v, 10br:10bv, 10r:13v, 15r:28v, 30r:32r, 34r:41v, 42v:106v, 115r:121v, 135r:135v, 142r:163v, 165r:167r, 168r:170v, 172r:172v, 173v, 175r:194r, 195r:206v, 207v:218v, 220v:232r, 233r:240v, 243r:247v, 249r:298v, 301r:310r, 311r:312v, 314r:323v, 324v, 326r:327v, 333r:349v, 352r:359v, 367r:368v, 375r:376v, 383r:385v, back-i
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence