'Collections of travels through Turky into Persia, and the East Indies. Giving an account of the present state of those countries, as also a full relation of the five years wars, between Aureng-Zebe and his brothers in their father's life time, about the succession. And a voyage made by the Great Mogul (Aureng-Zebe) with his Army from Dehli to Lahor, from Lahor to Bember, and from thence to the Kingdom of Kachemire, by the Mogols, call'd, the Paradise of the Indies. Together with a relation of the Kingdom of Japan and Tunkin, and of their particular manners and trade. To which is added a new description of the Grand Seignior's Seraglio, and also of all the Kingdoms that encompass the Euxine and Caspian Seas, being the travels of Monsieur TavernierBernier, and other great men.' [‎46] (1001/1024)

The Persian ‘travels
fall but by the way. There is no honed man that covets the employment
Cdravan-Bajhi, being to difcharge feveral fmall duties upon the Road, hovvever f
behave himfelf, is ftiU fulpeaed for his fidelity. When the Turks are moft
rous, they make choice of a Turk}) when the Armenian Merchants are moft,
choofe an Armenian. , ; « '
There are two forts of Caravans. There are Caravans which confift of Cmt lS
which are the moft ufual *, in regard that Camels are cheap, and for that fome Catnds
will carry as much as three Horfes, others as much as four or five. But arnono
the Caravans of Camels, there are feveral Horfes and Mules, which the Merchants
themfelves ride upon } it being very tedious to ride upon a Camel when he only goes
a foot-pace, but very pleafant when he goes upon his large trot. There are other
Caravans that confift: only of Horfes •, and among thefe, if the Merchant have none
of his own, he may hire one. The Servants ride upon thofe Horfes that are lead
laden-, but at you may meet with feveral good Horfes very cheap, f ro[n
thirty to fixty Crowns. As for thofe perfons that are either unwilling or unable to
be at any expence, they make ufe of Afles, of which there are enow to be had.
Above all things, youmuft take care to provide Pack-Horfcs to carry your Wine.!
for the Camel-Mafters being Mahometans^ will not permit you to lade their Camds
with any fuch Liquor } that Beaft being particularly confecrated to Mahomet, who
fo ftri&ly forbad the fife of Wine. You put your Wine in Bottles made of wild
Goats Skins, with the hairy fide turn’d innermoft, afid well pitch’d within. There
are fome of thefe Bottles from which they take off the Hair-, but they are notfo
good, as being feldom without holes.
Thefe Camel-Mafters are an infolent fort of people, which you fiiai! never know
how to deal with, unlefs you can bring them to punilhment. There was one that
play’d me fome of his jades tricks in the Road from Smyrna to Tauris ; but when]
came to Efcrivan, I complain’d to the Kan,who prefentiy caus’d a hundred Baftinado’s
to be giv’n him upon the fpot. Nor is there any other way to bring thofe ScQundrels to
reafon,efpccially at and fuch other places, where the Merchants have their
Confuhi who upon the leaft complaint to iheCady have Jufticc done them imme-
diately. The examples of fome of thefe Camel-drivers that have been paid off,
keep the reft in good decorum } and they will be very tractable for a good while after.
The Journies of the Caravans are not equal \ fometimes not above fix hours travel,
fometimes' ten, and fometimes twelve \ it being the convenience of Water, which
is not every where to be met with, that is the Rule of Lodging the C arm tv..
At all times the travels more by night than by dayin Summer to avoid the
heat, and at other times, that you may be fure to have day enough to fet up your
Tents. For if the Caravan fhould come to pitch in the night, it would be impofiible for
them to find where to fet up their Tents, to drefs and look after their Beafts, make
ready their Kitchins, and provide things neceflary for fo large a Company. True
it is, that in the depth of Winter and in the great Snows, they feldom fet out till two
or three hours after midnight; and that fometimes theyftay till day-break. But
in Summer, according to the Journey which they intend, they fet out either at
midnight, or an hour after Sun-fet. The laft time I went from Smyrna the Caram
confifted of fix hundred Camels, and almoft the fame number of Horfe. Sometimes
their number is greater, fo that the Camels going but by one and one after another,
aCaravanfeems tobe an Army, and whether it be in travelling or lodging, they
take up a world of Ground. Now by reafon they travel all night in Afia, it happens
that the Air is indifferent wholfom; and that the Travellers, that lye for the mod
part upon a Carpet fpread upon the Ground, find themfelves very little inconve
nienc’d by it.
' The Camels that go into Ferjia through the Northern Provinces of Turkih
travel like Horfes in a Cart, by feven and feven *, they are ty’d together by aCoi‘4
about the bignefs of a Man’s little Finger, and a Fathom long faften’d to the Pack-
faddleof the Camel that goes before, and to the Head-harnefs of the Camel that
follows. Thofe little Cords are made no ftronger, to the end that if the Camel
before (hould chance to fall into any hole, the Camel behind fhould either keep him
up, or elfe not be' pull’d in after the other. And to the end that the Camel-driver
who leads the foremoft, may know whether the other fix follow him or no, the
laft Camel has a Bell about his Neck, which if it ceafe to ring, ’tis a fign that