'Collections of travels through Turky into Persia, and the East Indies. Giving an account of the present state of those countries, as also a full relation of the five years wars, between Aureng-Zebe and his brothers in their father's life time, about the succession. And a voyage made by the Great Mogul (Aureng-Zebe) with his Army from Dehli to Lahor, from Lahor to Bember, and from thence to the Kingdom of Kachemire, by the Mogols, call'd, the Paradise of the Indies. Together with a relation of the Kingdom of Japan and Tunkin, and of their particular manners and trade. To which is added a new description of the Grand Seignior's Seraglio, and also of all the Kingdoms that encompass the Euxine and Caspian Seas, being the travels of Monsieur TavernierBernier, and other great men.' [‎64] (735/1024)

The Hijiory of the Empire
which have periih’d by the top evil treatment of the Governors,who often take from
them their neceffary livelihood, and fometimes their very Children whom they make
Slaves when they are not able, or are unwilling to pay: Others have abandon’d the
Field for the fame reafon, and defponding out of the confideration that they labour’d
only for others, have caft themfelves into Towns, or into Armies, to ferve there for
Porters, or waiting men, and many have fled to the lands of the Kajus, becaufe there
they found lefs tyranny, and more kindnefs. • . •
The fecond is. That in this fame Extent of Country there are fundry Nations,which
the Mogol is not full Matter of, moft of them retaining yet their particular Soveraigns
and Lords, that obey him not, nor pay him Tribute but from conftraint, many, that
do little j fome, that do nothing at all i and fome alfo, that receive Tribute from him,
as we (hall fee anon. Such are thofe petty Soveraigns, that are feated on the Frontiers
of Perfia, who almoft never pay him any thing, no more than they do to the King of
Jperfia : As alfo the Baleuches and Augans^ and other Mountineers, of whom alfo the
greateft part pay him but a fmall matter, and even care but very little for him: wit-
nefs the Affront they did him, when they flopp’d his whole Army by cutting off the
Water, which they kept back within the Mountains, when he patted from on the
River Indm to Cahouf to hy to Kandahar, not fufferingthe Water to rundown
into the Fields, where was the Highway, ’till they had receiv’d Prefents, although they
ask’d them by way of Alms. Suchare alfo the a Mabutnetan People, iffued from
the fide of the River Ganges towards Bengale > who before the Invafion of thp Moguls
in India, had taken their time to make themfelves potent in many places, and chiefly
at t)ehli> and to render many thereabout their Tributaries. Thefe Patans axe
fierce and warlike, and even the meanett of them, though they be waiting Men and
Porters, are ftill of a very high fpirit, being often heard to fay by way of fwearing,
Let me never he King of Dehli, if it he net fb: A People that defpife the Indians, Hea
then, and Mogoh, and mortally hate the laft> flill remembring what they were formerly,
before they were by them driven away from their large Principalities, and conftrained
to retire hither and thither, far from Debit, and Agra, into the Mountains, where now
they are fetled, and where fome of them have made themfelves petty Soveraigns, like
Rajas, but of fmall firength.
Such an one alfo is the King of Vifapour, who pays to the Mogel nothing, and is al
ways in War with him i maintaining himfelf in his Country, partly by his own For
ces, partly becaufe he is very remote from Agra and Dehli, the ordinary places of Re-
fidence of thz Great Mogol'■> partly alfo, becaufe his Capital City Vifapour is ftrong,
and of difficult accefs to an Army, by reafon of the ill Waters, and the want of Forage
on the way i and partly becaufe many Rajas join with him for their common defence,as
did the famous Seva-Gi, who, not long fince, came pillaging and burning that rich
Sea-port, Suratte, and who fometimes will pay little or no Tribute.
Such is likewife that potent and rich King of Golkgnda, who underhand gives Mony
to the King of Vifapour, and hath always an Army ready on the Frontiers tor his own
defence, and for the afllftance of Vifapour, in cafe he find him too much prefled.
Of the like fort are more than an hundred Rafis, or confiderable Heathen Soveraigns,
difperfed through the whole Empire, fome near to, others remote from Agra and
Dehli: amongft whom there are about fifteen or fixteen that are very rich and puiffant;
fuch as is Rana ( who formerly was, as ’twere, Emperor of the Rajas j and who is
faid to be of the Progeny of King Porus j) Jejfeign<e and Jeffomfeign #, which are fo
great and powerful, that if they three alone ttiould combine,they would hold him tackj
each of them being able, in a very fhort time, to raife and bring into the Field Twenty
five thoufand Horfe, better Troops than the Mogdls, Thefe Cavaliers are call d Ragi-
pouts, or the Children of Rajas. They are men, who, as I have elfewhere Paid ? carr y
Swords from Father to Son, and to whom the Rajas allot Land, on condition to be ah
ways ready to appear on Horfeback, when the Raja King commands. They can
much hardffiip, and they want nothing to make them good Soldiers, but good Order
and Difcipline. ' .
The third thing to be noted is, That the Mogol is a Mahumetam not of the Sea cal
led Chios, who follow Aly and his Off-fpring, ( fuck as the Perfians are, and confequent-
ly the greateft part of his Court > ) but of that, which follows Ofman, and thence are
call’d 0 [manly;, fuch as the Tariff are. Befides,that he is a ftranger, being of the Race
Lamerlan^ who was the Head of thofe M&sols, that about the year 1401, over-ran