'Collections of travels through Turky into Persia, and the East Indies. Giving an account of the present state of those countries, as also a full relation of the five years wars, between Aureng-Zebe and his brothers in their father's life time, about the succession. And a voyage made by the Great Mogul (Aureng-Zebe) with his Army from Dehli to Lahor, from Lahor to Bember, and from thence to the Kingdom of Kachemire, by the Mogols, call'd, the Paradise of the Indies. Together with a relation of the Kingdom of Japan and Tunkin, and of their particular manners and trade. To which is added a new description of the Grand Seignior's Seraglio, and also of all the Kingdoms that encompass the Euxine and Caspian Seas, being the travels of Monsieur TavernierBernier, and other great men.' [‎28] (347/1024)

Travels in India. Part Ip
are fenc’d with very good Ditches} and to every Field there belongs a Pond to
preferve the water. This is this great inconvenience for 1 ravellers; that when
they meetaWith theie numerous Caravans in jfreight places,, they are forc’d to
ftay two or three days till they are allpaft by.They that drive thefe Oxen,follow
‘ no other Calling as long as they live, nor do they dwell in houfes 5, yet they carry
their Wives and Children along with them. There are fome among them that have
an hundred Oxen of their own, others more or lefs ; and they have always one
who is their Chief, that takes as much ftate as a Prince,and has his Chain of Pearl
hanging about his neck.When the Caravan that carries the Corn, and that which
carnes the Salt happen to meet, rather than yield the road, they frequently enter
into very bloody Difputes. The Great Mognll conftdering one day that thefe
quarrels were very prejudicial to Trade,and the tranfportanon of necellary Pro.
vitals from place to place, fent for the two Chiefs of the Caravan, and after he
had exhorted them, for the common good and their own intereft, to live quietly
together, and not to quarrel and light when they met, gave to each of them a
Leek, or an hundred thoufand Roupies, and a Chain of Pearl.
That the Reader may the better underltand the manner of Travelling in the /«.
Mcs, he is to take notice, that among the Idolaters of that Country there are four
Tribes, which are called Manarfs, each of which may couiift of an hundred thou
fand Souls. Thefe people live always in Tents,and live only upon the tranfporting
of Merchandize from Countrey to Countrey. The firft of thefe Tribes carry no
thing but Corn, the fecond Rice, the third Pulfe, and the fourth Salt, which they
fetch from Suratt^xd all along from as far as Cafe-Ca?norin. Thefe Tribes are
alfo diftinguifhed in thi s manner; Their Priefts, of whom I ihall fpeak in another
place, mark the forheads of the firft, with a red-Gum, about the bredth of a
Crown j and then they draw a ftreak all the length of his nofe,fticking grains o(
Wheatuponit, fometimes ten, and fometimes twelve. Thofe ofthe fecond Tribe
are mark’d with yellow-Gumin the fame place,with grains of Rice. Thofe of
the third are mark’d with a grey-Gum, down to the fiioulders, and grants of
Millet. Thofe of the fourth Tribe carry tied about their necks a Bagg, with a
great lump of Salt in it, weighing fometimes eight or ten pounds, (for the hea
vier it is,, the more they glory in carrying it j) and with this Bagg they thump
their ftomacks, as a fign of repentance every morning before they fay their Pray
ers. They have all in general a little line or twift,like a Scarf,about their necks,
, at the end whereof hangs a little Silver-box, like a Relique-box, wherein they
enclofe a little fuperftitious writing which their Priefts give them ; they tie them
alfo about their Oxen and other Cattel, which are bred in their Herds,for which
they have a particular affedion,and love them as tenderly as children, efpecially
if they have no children of their own. Their Women wear only a piece of Ca
licut white or painted, fome fix or five times doubled from their wafts down
ward. From their wafts upward they cut their flefh into feveral forms of
Flowers, as they do that apply Cnpping-glalTes, which they paint in various
colours with the juice of Grapes, that their skin feems to be all made of Flowers-
Every morning,while the men load the Beafts,and that the Women fold up the
Tents, the Priefts that follow them, fet up in the moft convenient place of the
Plain where they lodg’d a certain Idol in the form of a Serpent in wrea'hs, upon
a Perch fix or feven foot high \ to which they come all in files to worlhip,their
Women going three times about. After the Ceremony is over, the Priefts take
tare of the Idol, and load it upon an Ox particularly appointed for that pnr-
pofe.
The Caravan of Waggons feldom exceeds the number of an hundred or two
hundred at moft. Every Waggon is drawn by ten or twelve Oxen} and attended
by four Souldiers, which the Perfon that ows the Merchandize isoblig’d to pay.
Two of them march upon each fide of the Waggon, over which there are two
Ropes thrown a-crofs, the ends whereof they hold in their hands, to the end, that
if the Waggon come to leane on one fide in ill-way, the two Souldiers on the
other Tide may keep ft from over-turning by pulling the Ropes with all their
ftrength.
All the Waggons that come to Suratt, either from or any other parts
of the Empire, and which return through Agra^ or Janabatt^ are bound to carry