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'File 61/6 vol.4 (D 34) Bin Saud and Akwan Movement' [100v] (200/565)
The record is made up of 1 volume (285 folios). It was created in 13 Sep 1920-8 Nov 1921. It was written in English and Arabic. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
1S7. At 7-30 a.m . we halted for coffee. Here my " mahmil T ' (riding box)
had to be given up, as it had, by now, been reduced to a perfect wreck. T was
not a little"disturbed in mind at the prospect of open riding under the Ileiaz
sun, but felt some cocsolation on remeLnbering God's warning '* Wa ma
antun be balighihe ilia be shaqqil anfas " [you are not going to achieve it (the ,
.Hajj) except alter the severest bodily trials].
138. Here Ahmad Thanaiyan and myself wrote letters to King Hussein
and Captain Ajab Khan, respectively, informing them of our approach and
requesting that we may be provided with the necessary escort at Asheirah,
Sagaral-Ataihh was entrusted with the taslcol" taking the letters, and sent ahead
on the best " Omaniyah " (camei) we had.
139. The famous 4 Ain-Zubaidah, lam told, passes from near here to
Mecca. This is the underground caual from Iraq which Zuhaidah, the wile
of Harun-al -Rashid, built for taking the water of the Tigris to Holy Mecca
which was in those times suffering for want of water. The story goes that this
great princess was longing to perpetuate her memory by means of some groat
deed, and this colossal work of cliarity was revealed to her in a dream, and she
lavished untold wealth in its accomplishment.
140. An early halt was made at 10 a. m ., as the heat wa 1 ? almost un
bearable. The light tents, we have, give only a nominal shelter,. CanixOt sleep
at noon in rpite .of extreme fatigue.
141. At 3-30 p.m ., started again. TTe now see fto south-south-east) the
black Zala-Tarabah, which is one of the chain of hills called Iladhn. The town
of Tarabah is under one, tha highest of those rocks and is commanded by it.
Dahaim declares that a gan like one of those possessed by the Imam can hit
the town from the top of the zala (lit. a rib). Koute (a slight track) now lies
over good level hard ground slightly sandy at times.
142. Halted at 6-30 p.m . for prayers, also took coffee and resumed the
march at 7-30 p.m ., and fit 8 o'clock were overtaken by a very strong gale nf
gharbi (west) wind which soon compelled us to stop and make our camels sit.
Pearful noise, dust and pitch dark prevailed for an hour or so, after which we
started again, halting at about midnight. Slight east wind, rather cool and
damp. Slept well. The plain is called Helemab.
113. Friday, 20th August=5fh Dhil Started after prayers at
4-30 am. Ground is rather wet as there has been some rain. The route
oVer hard ground full of shrubs and numerous " sumr " (kilvar) and khamt
trees, which hamper the march and ofien tear our clothes and khurjins. Soon
after sunrise are sighted the black rocks Al-Harrrh in front of us (west and
south-west).
141. At 9 a.m ., arrive at (what later proved to be) Al-Muhdith well?.
Here there are thirteen wells built of c ood black stone, very narrow and deep.
Water is at a depth of about 50 feet from the ground. Several of these are
nearly dry and only live or six central ones have gocd water. There is a small
jungle of all bright green " talha " trees ar mnd the wells reaching up to the
nearest rock about 30 ) yards to the nodh; and looking rather picturesque.
Salman Bin Isa, the eldest son of Shaikh Isa, the ruler of Bahrein, died here,
about 20 years ago, when returning after the Hajj, There is no sign of his
grave to be seen now, though one must have been made at the time. " Not a
stone to toll where I lie." Some of the party mistook this place for ' Asheriah
but Bin Khalaf, who had been to Mecca many years ago, declared that it was
anything but Asheirah. Neither he nor any one else could tell where we
were and many said " dhallaira " (we have lost our way). Alter watering
the camels and filling our skins we started again at 11-30 a-M ., going very slow
in the hope of being met by the Sharifian escort. The route goes winding
through the sandy bed of a shuaib " (river) with numerous large " sumr
trees ai d other shrubs and high rucks stretching as far as the eye could see.
145 It was not thought safe to go on without an escort and a halt was
made at 12-30 p.m . F ah aid Bin Na>sar and Abdul Hadi were sent out to
watch on three of the nearest hillocks. Camels were not left to graze, nor.
fully un-loaded, but were simply tied up. Those who went round collecting
About this item
- Content
The volume consists of letters, telegrams, memoranda, reports, and notes relating to Ibn Sa'ud and the affairs of Najd. The correspondence is mostly between: Harold Dickson, the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. in Bahrain; Percy Cox, the High Commissioner in Baghdad; Ibn Sa'ud; King Hussein of the Hijaz; the Government of India, in Simla and Calcutta; the India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. , in London; the Foreign Office, in London; Arthur Trevor, the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. in Bushire; and Siddiq Hassan, the Indian assistant in Bahrain.
Most of the volume relates to the territorial and political disputes between Ibn Sa'ud and King Hussein, with particular coverage of the mission to Mecca to conclude an agreement between Ibn Sa'ud and King Hussein, carried out by Ahmad bin Abdullah al-Thanaiyan, and Siddiq Hassan and Farhan al Rahmah, the Sa'udi and British representatives respectively.
Notable is the diary of Siddiq Hassan (ff 103-116v) written during his mission to Mecca, and his notes on the numerous meetings he had with King Hussein and the talks between the latter and Thanaiyan. Included as appendices to these notes are the following: a draft, in Arabic, of the eventual agreement signed by the two parties; a letter, in Arabic, from Hassan bin 'Ali ibn 'Aayidh, Chief of 'Assir, to King Hussein; another letter in Arabic from King Hussein to Siddiq Hassan; and an English translation of the finalised agreement. Also present is a report of the journey by Farhan al-Rahmah (ff. 116v-121v).
Other topics covered by the volume are as follows:
- the continued fighting and negotiations between Ibn Sa'ud and the Ikhwan on the one side and the al-Rashid (Shammar) on the other;
- the ongoing border dispute between Ibn Sa'ud and Kuwait;
- developments in 'Asir and the 'Idrisi movement;
- Ibn Sa'ud's British subsidy;
- revolt in Iraq and Syria, and the spread of Arab Nationalism;
- relations between Ibn Sa'ud and other tribal groups, and his growing influence in the region.
- Extent and format
- 1 volume (285 folios)
- Arrangement
The volume is largely arranged in chronological order. There is an alphabetical subject index to the contents, at the front of the volume (folios 2, 3). The index entries refer to the original folio numbers of relevant documents, to help identify and locate them within the volume.
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: Numbers are written in pencil, in the top right corner, on the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. of each folio. The numbering is irregular, begins on the first folio at the front of the volume and is as follows: 1A-E, 2-78, 99-121, 162-165, 166A, 166B, 167-172, 173A, 173B, 174-177, 178A, 178B, 179-181, 183-198, 199, 199A-199Z, 199A1-199Q1, 200-237, 239-293. There are no folios numbered 182 or 238. Fold-out folios: 199A1, 199F1.
Condition: the spine cover is detached from the volume and enclosed in a plastic sleeve numbered folio 372, at the back of the volume. The plastic sleeve may cause some loss of sharpness to the digital image of the spine cover.
- Written in
- English and Arabic in Latin and Arabic script View the complete information for this record
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'File 61/6 vol.4 (D 34) Bin Saud and Akwan Movement' [100v] (200/565), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/R/15/1/558, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100025813202.0x000001> [accessed 14 March 2025]
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Copyright: How to use this content
- Reference
- IOR/R/15/1/558
- Title
- 'File 61/6 vol.4 (D 34) Bin Saud and Akwan Movement'
- Pages
- front, front-i, 2r:177v, 178v:183v, 184v:282r, back-i, back
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence