'Narrative of a journey to the site of Babylon in 1811, now first published: memoir on the ruins; with engravings from the original sketches by the author: remarks on the topography of ancient Babylon, by Major Rennell; in reference to the memoir: second memoir on the ruins; in reference to Major Rennell's remarks: with narrative of a journey to Persepolis: now first printed, with hitherto unpublished cuneiform inscriptions copied at Persepolis: by the late Claudius James Rich, Esq., formerly the Resident of the Hon. East India Company at Bagdad. Edited by his widow.' [‎17] (44/474)

INTRODUCTION.
xvii
Jeremiah* repeats this prophecy, with some addi
tional circumstances."j"
The Psalmist, in addressing Babylon, says,j " O,
daughter of Babylon, who art to be destroyed; happy
shall he be, that rewardeth thee as thou hast served
us. Happy shall he be, that taketh and dasheth thy
little ones against the stones." §
A marsh shall occupy its place, and an abyss shall swallow it up in
everlasting forgetfulness."
* Jeremiah, 1., li.
t Upon which M. de St. Croix observes, that Jeremiah and Ezekiel
follow less scrupulously the order of time than the other prophets;
and that, therefore, we need not be surprised to find that Jeremiah
has referred to one period, events which relate to several, and which
happened successively. As St. Jerome says, it is one thing to write
history, and another to write a prophecy under the immediate effect
of inspiration. The first of these periods relating to the ruin of Baby
lon was in the time of Cyrus. He took the city, which henceforward
ceased to be the chief seat of the empire ; for this prince and his suc
cessors resided here only during one part of the year. He, according
to Berosus, issued a command to destroy the walls of the city, in order
to prevent a rebellion. But Herodotus and Xenophon say nothing
of this order, and the conquest of the city by Darius the son of Hys-
taspes makes the truth of the matter clear to us ; the particulars of
which are too well known to require to be repeated. The rebellion of
the Babylonians at this time was the cause of all their misfortunes,
Darius commanded that the walls of their city should be destroyed,
and he carried away the gates, which, before him, adds Herodotus,
Cyrus had not done. This is conclusive: so that either Berosus
must have been mistaken, or Josephus, in citing the passage from the
Chaldean author, must have confounded together the two conquests.
Jeremiah speaks of the destruction of the walls, but he refers it to
the end of all the disasters which that city experienced, and he attri
butes it to a King of Media. Consequently nothing makes it im -
probable that Darius was the author of the demolition of the walls.
J Psalm cxxxvii.
§ This passage, according to M. de St. Croix, must refer to Cyrus.
Isaiah, he adds, after having compared him to a lion, and the Baby
lonians to timid deer, flying before him, proceeds to describe the
massacre of the people in the very heart of their city, and as unable
b