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'File 19/165 III (C 24) Bahrain Reforms' [‎51v] (109/426)

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The record is made up of 1 file (208 folios). It was created in 2 Jan 1924-13 Aug 1925. It was written in English and Arabic. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .

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pelled tiiem to introduce them. Because after thorough inquiries and long
patience they (the Government) found that the state of things at Bahrein en-
tirely wanted reform,, Your Highness will remember that the Government re
peatedly called upon you to adjust the state of your Government. One of thes3
demands was made in March i922 A. IX I in pursuance of tho directions of
the Government called at your island and called upon you to begin, and
secondly in the month of April when your lt Shia" subject could no
longer put up with the oppression exercised on them and were agitated, and
sent me and to the Government complaints in writing. You personally
promissed to make some improvements to pacify them But, my friend, you
never made any improvement at all nor did you reply to the final demand of
the Government about "^our fulfilling yonr promises; and as oppression and
tyranny in your i>land 'iecame a general shame the Government was obliged to
introduce reform? and therefore ordered the reforms to be introduced through
Major Dally and Colonel Knox whom practically you do mention. I am sure
your Highness knows that well but since you ignored it and did not mention
in your application I am compelled to make you know of it anew, and then I
inform yon that my duty is what was of Colonel Knox and will act upon the
oroers of the Government and will hasten the reforms the object of which is to
introduce good treatment, equality and unbiassed justice to all. Consequently
I am resolved to hasten to introduce the reforms. We draw your attention
as well as of the other signatories to the application to the above. It is regretable
that you did not heed our advice and that of the Consul and that yourself did^
not introduce the necessary reforms. This is w T hat I had to inform you.
Dated 27th October 1923. Concurrent with 16th Rabiulavval. 1^42
A. H. ^
A. P. TREVOR, Lt. Colonel,
Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. , Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. .
1st November 1923 A. D.
Concurrent with 21st Shivval, 1342 A. H,
F rom
To
Colonel A. P. TREVOR, c s.i, ci.e ,
The Head of the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. .
Oar friend SHAIK ISA BIN ALI-AL-KHALIFA.
T acknowledge the compliments you sent me through your son Shaikh
Hamad as vonr agent.

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Content

File includes correspondence related to a number of topics including a request to the Governor General of Sudan for a copy of Sudan's Penal Code, correspondence between Abdul Wahab Zayani (Isa bin Ali Al Khalifa’s Attorney in exile in Bombay) and the Political Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. in Bahrain, reports of Sunni violence against the Shia community in Bahrain, discussion regarding the need for a levy corps in Bahrain, discussion on where and how Shaikh Hamad bin Isa’s younger children should be educated, correspondence between Bushire, Bahrain and the Government of India regarding the extent of reforms in Bahrain and the nature of Britain’s role in the country.

The movements of an Egyptian journalist (Ahmed Rifaat) in the region are also mentioned as are several other matters in brief. The file also includes a letter from Herbert Samuel, the British High Commissioner in Palestine that reports news that King Hussein had heard about the removal of Isa as ruler and expressed his concern that it could cause unrest.

Extent and format
1 file (208 folios)
Arrangement

Arranged in chronological order, from earliest at beginning of file to latest at end.

Physical characteristics

A bound correspondence file. The volume is foliated from the front cover to back cover, with small uncircled numbers in the top-right corner of each front-facing page. Some folios originally missed out have had letters added, e.g. 1a. 1b etc.

Written in
English and Arabic in Latin and Arabic script
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'File 19/165 III (C 24) Bahrain Reforms' [‎51v] (109/426), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/R/15/1/339, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100024110738.0x00006c> [accessed 31 March 2025]

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