!['File 35/134 IV (A 56) Sur. Ja'alan - Amirs of.' [‎144av] (316/536)](https://iiif.qdl.qa/iiif/images/81055/vdc_100000000193.0x0001a1/IOR_R_15_1_444_0317.jp2/full/!1200,1200/0/default.jpg "'File 35/134 IV (A 56) Sur. Ja'alan - Amirs of.' [‎144av] (316/536)")
'File 35/134 IV (A 56) Sur. Ja'alan - Amirs of.' [144av] (316/536)
The record is made up of 1 volume (253 folios). It was created in 22 Dec 1931-18 Mar 1932. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
10. Air action against villages must never be undertaken except after due
warning as in paragraph 11 below, and with the previous sanction of the Government
of India.
11. Warnings. —These are quite distinct from " demonstrations " [paragraph
4 (c)] and although they do not include offensive action, they definitely commit
the Government of India to such action if the warning is ignored or is not considered
to have achieved its object. These require the previous sanction of the Government
of India. The normal minimum period of a warning is 24 hours.
12. In order that the fullest use may be made of the air arm, to act rapidly
in any direction that may be required, central control is necessary, and the control
of squadrons, other than those detailed to co-operate with the land forces, will
not normally be delegated except for a definite and limited operation.
13. Prohibited Flying'/.one During Ofemiions.—Ww rules relating to peace
time flights on the
North-West Frontier
Region of British India bordering Afghanistan.
of India are laid down in Government of
India (Army Department) orders No. I5706/II/3 (G. S., M. 0. 1), dated the 13th
November 1930.
Unless a state of war with Afghanistan exists or unless the Government of
India's sanction has been accorded in a special emergency, no tribal air operation
justifies the violation or the risk of violation of the Afghan Frontier. The serious
political consequences which are liable to result from such infringement should be
strongly impressed on all concerned and in no circumstances may the prohibited
zone be entered by aircraft without the special permission of the Government of
India.
14. Captured Airmen. —The following uniform procedure is to be adopted by
all authorities as a precaution against or in the event of an aircraft having to make
a forced descent in tribal territory.
[a) All personnel in Royal Air Force aircraft flying over tribal territory
on a peaceful mission or on operations should carry a copy of
a form translated into the appropriate language. This form, which
should be obtained from the local political authority, should state that
the bearer is flying on duty under the orders and protection of the
Government ol India; that he is to be given good treatment and
brought in safely to the nearest Government post at once upon
which a suitable reward will be paid. If he is harmed, however, the
Government of India will heavily punish those concerned.
{b) 1 Olitical action should be taken immediately an aircraft is believed
to have made a forced landing. Messengers should be sent in, and
leaflets, of which a stock should be maintained, dropped to the tribes
concerned, instructing them that the occupants are to be brought in.
If operations are in progress against the tribe, it should be pointed
out that these operations are going to continue, in any case, until
the tiibe has submitted, and that if any prisoner is harmed heavy
punishment will be exacted.
(c) The reward to be paid will necessarily vary with the circumstances.
It should be promptly paid, and its amount should be at the discretion
of the political authorities concerned.
{d) Officers and others flying on duty should carry always a printed card
with phrases in Pushtu which are likely to be useful in the event of
a forced landing.
MC143CGS(Mi8)—300—30-7-31— GIPS
About this item
- Content
Correspondence relating to actions against the Bani Bu Ali [Banī Bū ‘Alī] in Sur in 1932 who were claiming independence from the Muscat State. Correspondence discusses how the Bani Bu Ali led by Shaikh Ali bin Abdullah al-Hammuda [Muḥammed bin Nāṣir al-Ḥamūdah] were rebelling against the Sultan of Muscat's authority and in particular the creation of a customs post in Aiqa. Shaikh Ali had deployed armed forces to Aiqa fort and prevented the establishment of the customs post. The timing for deployment of aircraft from Iraq including Wapitis and flying boats is discussed and in particular the implications of reconnaissance flights during Ramadan. One Wapiti crashed 40 miles south of Muscat but the occupants were unhurt and safely rescued. Saiyid Said bin Taimur [Sa‘īd bin Taymūr] visited Sur in a sloop along with HMS Emerald . Correspondence details the agreement of the Foreign Office, Air Ministry and India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. in London to the use of aircraft. A letter from the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty concurs in the action whilst expressing concern over the use of aircraft and the repercussions this could have on relations with Arab rulers, and suggests only use of naval bombardment. The Air Ministry responded noting the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. 's view that 'action by warship alone would be entirely ineffective; past history has shewn this.' The India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. notes that the action proposed by the Government of India were based on discussions with the Senior Naval Officer Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. and Air Officer Commanding, Iraq; furthermore, 'aerial demonstration will precede punitive air action.'
The Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. , Muscat discusses the relations between the Bani Bu Ali ,[Banī Bū ‘Alī] Bani Bu Hassan [Bani Bū ‘Hasan] and Bani Amer; also the likely response of the Bani Bu Ali to any British attack and the need to take precautions to avoid the experience of a British Indian force in 1821. In 1821 a force was dispatched to avenge the defeat there of a different expedition the previous year but three hundred of the Bani Bu Ali attacked at night resulting 16 killed. Correspondence discusses the negotiations with Shaikh Ali bin Abdullah bin Abdullah bin Hammuda
Correspondence between the Air Officer Commanding, Edgar Rainey Ludlow-Hewitt and Colonel Hugh Vincent Biscoe, Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. , Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. discusses the reconnaissance photos and the bombing of the Jaalan [Ja’alān] fort following the dropping from aircraft of warning messages. There are also extracts from a report by Group Captain W L Welsh on reconnaisance by two Rangoons and three Wapitis of the Sur area with arrangements for the deployment of flying boats to conduct bombing missions and their protection by the Muscat Infantry.
Correspondence includes letters betweeen Saiyid Said bin Taimur, Sultan of Muscat and Oman, to Shaikh Ali bin Abdullah and Hugh Vincent Biscoe, Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. . Following aerial demonstrations by Rangoon flying boats Shaikh Ali accepted the customs post and agreed to meet the Sultan on board the Sultan's vessel. The Senior Naval Officer Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. wrote to Shaikh Ali informing him that as he had accepted the customs post the bombardment would not take place.
Includes aerial photos (ff 128D-128P) of Jaalan and Khor Janaba which were made in preparation for a possible punitive bombing raid. Also includes a sketch map of Khor Janaba and an enclosure with a 'Sheikhly family of Bani Bu Ali.
Correspondents include H.V. Biscoe, Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. ; Trenchard Craven Fowle, Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. Muscat; Edgar Rainey Ludlow-Hewitt, Air Headquarters, Iraq Command, Hinaidi; Senior Naval Officer, Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. ; Eion Pelly Donaldson, India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. , London; Christopher Llewellyn Bulloch, Air Ministry, London; No. 203 (Flying Boat) Squadron; Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty; Saiyid Said bin Taimur, Sultan of Muscat and Oman; Shaikh Ali bin Abdullah bin Hammudah; Foreign Secretary to the Government of India, Simla.
- Extent and format
- 1 volume (253 folios)
- Arrangement
The papers are arranged chronologically from the front to the rear of the file.
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: the foliation system in use is the sequence of numbers in the top right hand corner of each folio including the covers.
- Written in
- English in Latin script View the complete information for this record
Use and share this item
- Share this item
'File 35/134 IV (A 56) Sur. Ja'alan - Amirs of.' [144av] (316/536), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/R/15/1/444, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100023998667.0x000076> [accessed 11 June 2026]
https://www.qdl.qa/en/archive/81055/vdc_100023998667.0x000076
Copy and paste the code below into your web page where you would like to embed the image.
<meta charset="utf-8"><a href="https://www.qdl.qa/en/archive/81055/vdc_100023998667.0x000076">'File 35/134 IV (A 56) Sur. Ja'alan - Amirs of.' [‎144av] (316/536)</a> <a href="https://www.qdl.qa/en/archive/81055/vdc_100023998667.0x000076"> <img src="https://iiif.qdl.qa/iiif/images/81055/vdc_100000000193.0x0001a1/IOR_R_15_1_444_0317.jp2/full/!280,240/0/default.jpg" alt="" /> </a>
This record has a IIIF manifest available as follows. If you have a compatible viewer you can drag the icon to load it.https://www.qdl.qa/en/iiif/81055/vdc_100000000193.0x0001a1/manifestOpen in Universal viewerOpen in Mirador viewerMore options for embedding images
Copyright: How to use this content
- Reference
- IOR/R/15/1/444
- Title
- 'File 35/134 IV (A 56) Sur. Ja'alan - Amirs of.'
- Pages
- front, front-i, 1ar:1ev, 2r:16v, 19r:22v, 23ar:23bv, 24r:24v, 30r:127v, 128ar:128av, 128cr:128cv, 129r:143v, 144ar:144bv, 145r:151v, 152ar:152cv, 153r:236v, 240r:250v, 250ar:250av, 251r:252v, back-i, back
- Author
- Royal Air Force
- Usage terms
- Public Domain