'The Expedition for the survey of the rivers Euphrates and Tigris, carried on by order of the British government, in the years 1835, 1836, and 1837; preceded by geographical and historical notices of the regions situated between the rivers Nile and Indus. In four volumes. With fourteen maps and charts, and embellished with ninety-seven plates, besides numerous wood-cuts. Volume the first.' [‎498] (587/905)

498
mount zion.
[chap. xx.
the pool of Hezekiah. On the higher ground beyond, and
Castle of, almost touching the walls, is the castle of David; northward
David • of which, on the most elevated spot in the city, is the Latin
convent; and about the same distance southward, on lower
ground, is that of the Armenians, a less conspicuous but still
more extensive pile of building, with a large garden reaching
to the gate of Sion. On the southern and eastern slopes of
this hill are the remains of the aqueduct of Solomon, and
below is the valley of Hinnom, which falls into that of
Jehoshaphat, or Kidron; the former contains the lower pool
of Gihon, and the latter that of Siloam, with the village of
the same name. On the summit of Mount Zion are some
mosques and other Turkish buildings, in the midst of which
are the tomb of David, the place of the Last Supper, and the
house of Caiphas. This hill, which is the southernmost and
smallest of the four belonging to the ancient city, appears to
the left of the temple, outside of the present walls, and it
completes the remarkable cowp-cTceil which is formed by the
houses, convents, churches, gaudy domes, and graceful minarehs
of Jerusalem, these being thrown out with a clearness which
belongs to nature only in that region.
Magnitude of The circumference of the present city is about two miles
the city. anc j a half. thg western side extends from Mount Zion to a
distance of 800 paces along the valley of the Gihon, and the
eastern side to nearly 950 along that of Jehoshaphat; whilst
the northern and southern sides join their extremities by two
lines, which run in a slanting or north-eastern direction.
Besides the gate already noticed on the east, there are five
others, viz., that of Yafa or Bethlehem on the west, the
Zion and Dung gates on the south, and finally those of Herod
and Damascus on the north. Between these, a little way
north, is the grotto of Jeremiah; at some distance farther are
the extensive and well-finished sepulchral excavations called
the Tombs of the Kings; and a little onward those of the
Judges; these last are smaller than the others, and their
architecture is greatly inferior.
Owing to the space occupied by the public buildings, the
number of private houses in Jerusalem is comparatively few;