'The Expedition for the survey of the rivers Euphrates and Tigris, carried on by order of the British government, in the years 1835, 1836, and 1837; preceded by geographical and historical notices of the regions situated between the rivers Nile and Indus. In four volumes. With fourteen maps and charts, and embellished with ninety-seven plates, besides numerous wood-cuts. Volume the first.' [‎360] (435/905)

CLIMATE NEAR THE PROPONTIS. [CHAP. XVI.
In the adjoining tract, which extends westward to the
Halys, and also in Kastamnm, the mountain barrier of the
Taurus continues to recede from the coast, and in these dis
tricts the temperature is less humid than in the former; being,
besides, less subject to sudden changes, there is but little
malaria.
SjXJT&r' B61^, tlie next P rovince ' though in the same latitude, is
exposed to a much greater degree of humidity, owing to the
extensive forest, expressively called the sea of trees, which
extends from east to west over the district of Boli and part of
that of Kojah-ili. At the town of Bar tan especially, and at
some places southward along the river which terminates at
that place, and again near the Filiyas and Kilij rivers, fevers
prevail towards autumn. The remainder of the last-men
tioned pashalik, together with Khodavendi-Kar and Bighah,
occupy the southern shores of the Propontis and Hellespont ^
the interior of this tract is remarkable for a diversified surface,
consisting of numerous lakes embosomed in mountains, which
are covered with forests of the Valonia oak, arbutus, &c • it
has on the south side the great barrier of the Olympic chain
and on the north the deep inlets of the Sea of Marmara; and
within its limits, the tepid breezes coming from the placid
bosom of the latter assist materially in shortening the dura
tion of the winter and in diminishing the heat of summer
During both seasons a degree of mildness prevails which is
scarcely known on the European shores of this sea; and with
the exception of the town of Charnak-Kal'eh-si and the plain
westward which suffer at times from malaria, the climate is
decidedly healthy, and altogether the most agreeable in Western
Asia.
It now remains to notice the prevailing temperature of the
rest of the peninsula, or that of the principal division. This
as has been seen, occupies the space between the two preced-
ing tracts, and thus connects them geographically; but it
differs from them in the degrees of heat and cold to which it
is subject, being in general much greater.
Within the limits of Taurus, eastward of the Halys, are the
productive regions of Pontus and Cappadocia, which, although