'The Expedition for the survey of the rivers Euphrates and Tigris, carried on by order of the British government, in the years 1835, 1836, and 1837; preceded by geographical and historical notices of the regions situated between the rivers Nile and Indus. In four volumes. With fourteen maps and charts, and embellished with ninety-seven plates, besides numerous wood-cuts. Volume the first.' [‎308] (375/905)

308
CITY OF TARABUZUN.
[chap. xiv.
terminates with a precipitous mass of limestone, having a
Genoese castle on its summit.
KhSat. Tlie u PP er and lower towns of Gumish Khanah are situated
near a bend in the wild and rocky valley leading from Erz-
Rum to Tarabuzun, at about eighteen hours from the latter;
and it is a straggling, but considerable place. The houses of
the former portion rise one above the other on the steep sides
of the hills enclosing this part of the valley; and they are
remarkable for being covered with sloping roofs of shingles.
The mines still worked are in this quarter, but the neglected
district abounds in copper, lead, and silver. Nearly two miles
from hence is the remainder of the town, situated at the meet
ing of the cross valley, by which, in all probability, the Greeks
entered that of Gumish Khanah from the south-west
Vmzfin 0f ^ ara " r ^ e capital of the pashalik occupies the lower slope of the
chain which rises abruptly from the shores of the Black Sea;
and the city having a back-ground of richly-wooded pic
turesque mountains, the view is particularly striking, whether
seen from the land or the sea.
The most ancient part of the city, the probable site of
Trapezus, is an elevated plateau, forming a rectangular tongue
of land, extending about 800 yards from north to south, and
250 from east to west; it is fortified with walls, and square
or hexagonal towers, and at the southern extremity is the
castle, a more elevated building, which serves as a citadel for
this portion of the town. Deep valleys covered with trees
are on the eastern and western sides of the plateau, and over
each is a bridge leading to the houses and gardens of the
suburbs, which extend northwards to the sea; the bridges
lead also to a second parallelogram about 900 yards long and
800 yards wide, which partly encloses the first, and is fortified
in a similar manner : it is on rather a lower level, and lies on
its northern side. The walls and towers were probably con
structed by the Genoese when they had possession of the
place ; and the remains of the ancient mole may still be seen
running into the sea.
<s roadstead. With the exception of a very confined harbour on the
eastern side of the city, there is only an open roadstead; but.