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'The Seven Independent Arabian States [Yemen, ‘Asir, Hijaz, Najd, Kuwait, Jabal Shammar and al-Jawf]' [191v] (382/680)
The record is made up of 1 file (10 folios). It was created in May 1935. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
28
Persia had in the past repeated]}' pressed her claim to
Bahrein, and that Her Majesty's Government did not claim
sovereignty over that island and interested themselves
in its affairs only to the extent necessary to discharge
their treaty obligations to its rulers (which included a
guarantee of defence against external aggression) and to
ensure the peace of the Gulf. Finally, that while Her
Majesty's Government agreed to notify Persia, when
circumstances permitted, before taking punitive action
against Bahrein, on the only occasion on which (immediately
after) they appear to have given effect to this undertaking,
the terms of their communication made it clear that they
regarded themselves as at liberty to punish the usurping
Sheikhs Md. bin Abdullah and Md. bin Khalifa (in
accordance with the obligations assumed by them under the
Treaties of 1820 and 1861 with Bahrein) for their piratical
attack on Bahrein and murder of the Chief placed in power
there by the British Government.
X.—1870-80.
From the Turkish Occupation of Hasa to the First Exclusive
Agreement.
Turkish Protest, 1870.
99. In January 1870 a protest was received from the
Turkish Government against the recent actions of the
Resident at Bahrein. In reply the Turkish Government
were informed that Her Majesty's Government could not
recognise the Turkish claim to sovereignty over Bahrein;
and were courteously reminded of the intimation made to
them in 1851 on Lord Palmerston's instructions (para
graph 61 above).
Turkish Occupation of Hasa. British Assurances to
Bahrein, 1871.
100. In 1871 the Turks occupied Hasa. Protests at
Constantinople in April and May 1871 against rumoured
Turkish designs on Bahrein resulted in a repudiation by
Turkey oi any such designs. The assurances received from
the Turkish Government were communicated to the Sheikh
of Bahrein, who had asked Her Majesty's Government for
their advice and their protection against the Turks in
May 1871, and he was informed that so long as he observed
the provisions of the Convention of 1861 (paragraph 70
above) the reciprocal obligations towards him of Great
Britain would be fulfilled.
Ipl • Protests about the same time at Constantinople led
to a lurkish repudiation of the designs which the Turkish
Government were alleged to have entertained at Bahrein,
and the 1 urkish authorities in Hasa were given instructions
by their Government which debarred them from approaching
Bahrein. In May 1871 the Shah enquired from Her
Majesty s Representative at Tehran as to the probable effect
on Bahrein of the lurkish occupation of Hasa and was
informed in reply of the assurances which had been given
to Her Majesty's Government by the Turks.
Reply to Persian Legation at Constantinople as to
meaning of British Note of April 1869.
102. In November 1871 the Secretary of the Persian
Legation at Constantinople made enquiries of Her Majesty's
Ambassador in connection with a rumour that a Turkish
expedition was to be sent for the reduction of Bahrein,
i i ^ ^ Persian Secretary stated had been
+1° V c § ef by the British Government as a portion of
tne l ersian dominions and ... in proof of this assertion
f t0 i, r IL Eniott a C0 P- V of tlle note
Wtl, 4 -Mvcn c!" es r ed t0 General Haji Mobsin Khan on
28th April 1869. Sir H. Elliott, however, observed that he
About this item
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This confidential memorandum, printed by the Foreign Office in May 1935 is a report by William John Childs concerning the seven independent Arabian states or autonomous areas. The report contains an introduction that states that the 'purpose of the paper is to give a brief outline each of the seven independent Arabian states', listed on folio 316, 'at the time of the Arab rising against the Turks in June 1916'.
The report is divided into sections covering each state as follows:
- 'The Imamate of Yemen ruled by Imam Yahya [Yaḥyá Muḥammad Ḥamīd al-Dīn]' (folio 316);
- 'The Principate of Asir ruled by the Idrisi [Sayyid Muḥammad bin ‘Alī al-Idrīsi]' (folios 316-317);
- 'The Emirate of Mecca (or the Hejaz) ruled by Husein [Ḥusayn bin ‘Alī al-Hāshimī], Emir and Sherif of Mecca' (folios 317-319);
- 'Emirate of Nejd [Najd] ruled by Ibn Saud [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd], Emir of Riyadh' (folios 319-323);
- 'The Sheikhdom of Koweit [Kuwait] ruled by the Sheikh of Koweit [Mubārak bin Ṣabāḥ]' (folio 323v);
- 'The Emirate of Jebel Shammar [Jabal Shammar] (or Hail [Ḥā’il]) ruled by the Emir of Hail [Sa‘ūd bin ‘Abd al-‘Azīz Āl Rashīd]' (folios 323-324)
- 'Jauf-el-Amir [Jawf al-Amīr, under the rule of Nūrī bin Sha‘lān]' (folio 324v).
A footnote on folio 316 records: 'This memorandum was prepared by the late Mr. William John Childs and found among his papers. A few modifications and additions have been made to bring it up to date'.
- Extent and format
- 1 file (10 folios)
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: The foliation for this description commences at folio 315, and terminates at folio 325, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, a re circles, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is also present in parallel between folios 4-327; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled, and can be found in the same position as the main sequence.
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- English in Latin script View the complete information for this record
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'The Seven Independent Arabian States [Yemen, ‘Asir, Hijaz, Najd, Kuwait, Jabal Shammar and al-Jawf]' [191v] (382/680), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/18/B446, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100023898367.0x0000b8> [accessed 26 February 2025]
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- Reference
- IOR/L/PS/18/B446
- Title
- 'The Seven Independent Arabian States [Yemen, ‘Asir, Hijaz, Najd, Kuwait, Jabal Shammar and al-Jawf]'
- Pages
- front, front-i, 2r:315v, 310r, 316v:339v, back-i, back
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence