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'The Seven Independent Arabian States [Yemen, ‘Asir, Hijaz, Najd, Kuwait, Jabal Shammar and al-Jawf]' [184v] (368/680)
The record is made up of 1 file (10 folios). It was created in May 1935. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
14
Persia; that the einployrnent in English of the term
"
Persian Gulf
The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran.
" was itself evidence of this; that from
about 1300 A.D. the island of Bahrein had always been
in the possession of the Governors of Fars and had paid
revenue to them until its conquest in 1783 by the Uttabi
Arabs, from which tribe <4 itself, likewise, presents have
generally been sent to the Governors of Fars " ; that Her
Majesty's Government had recognised the position when
they warned Mehemet AH of Egypt in 1840 not to attack
Bahrein, which did not form part of Arabia, but rather of
the
Persian Gulf
The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran.
; " and that accordingly the British Govern
ment would not allow him to extend the hand of possession
over that island " ; that the British authorities had formally
and repeatedly asked Persia to rent the island to them and
that British representatives at Tehran had frequently
declared that Her Majesty's Government had no right what
ever to the Gulf or its islands [there is no foundation for
either statement] ; and that the fact that Captain Bruce's
treaty was on record supported the Persian claim. The
following extract, which (except as regards the initial date)
appears correctly to represent the true facts, may, however,
be placed on record from the Prime Minister's memorandum :
" In the commencement of the reign of His Majesty the late
Shah, the Arabs of Beni Attabi came from the desert and
conquered the island by sea. The object and desire of the
Persian Government has since always been and is the
recovery of that island from its spoilers."
49. Her Majesty's Government, in view of the unlikeli-*
hood that Persia had, or could give effect to, any serious
designs in Bahrein and the undesirability of engaging in
those circumstances in a correspondence which might merely
cause irritation without serving any useful purpose,
instructed the Minister at Tehran not to revert to the
subject unless it was forced upon him by the Persian Prime
Minister. In that case he was to employ certain arguments
supplied to him (apparently the critical comments of the
Secret Committee
Pre-1784, the Committee responsible for protecting East India Company shipping. Post-1784, its main role was to transmit communications between the Board of Control and the Company's Indian governments on matters requiring secrecy.
of the East India Company on the Prime
f o t t Mil ? ister ' s memorandum) to show generally the grounds on
No. 38° of e w hich Her Majesty's Government were " unable to recognise
7.8 1845. as va ^ t 'h e claims advanced by Persia to the sovereignty of
Bahrein, and you may add that they would . . . very much
disappiove of any attempts on the part of Persia to interfere
m the affairs of that island and thus disturb the peace of
the Gulf and to afford an opening to piracy." The question
appears to have dropped for the time being.
Ireaty of Peace with Wahabis, to whom Bahrein pays
I'ribute (1847).
t t «77 x n 50, Meanwhile ' tlle ex-Sheikh (who in 1845 had unsuccess-
5 • attempted to capture Bahrein with the aid of the
T T Q __ ^ahabis) had been invited in June 1846 by the Governor-
JOr ' ' 77 - I jeHeral of lars to return to Bushire, where he should be
i t eon . ra *jy,ej^ertained " until ... the season for action had
or. I, 880. arrived but he declined the invitation. In October 1846
tne Wahabi Amir asked the permission of the Resident to
ca in t e irucial Sheikhs of the Arab littoral against
a reim ^ i is was refused. A request by the ruling Sheikh
ot Bahrein to be allowed to call in the assistance of the
feneikh of Debai against the Wahabis was equally refused in
November 1846. la August 1847 a Treaty of Peace was
c uded between the Wahabi Amir and the ruling Sheikh,
4 OOOdTn ruling Sheikh agreed to pay a tribute of
4 000 dollars a year while the Wahabi Amir agreed not to
encourage the ex-Sheikh.
■ ;X? ' , r, • . , ......
Slavery Treaty with Great Britain, 1847.
entered into^Sl -^7 ^ler Majesty's Government
< entered into a Slavery Treaty with the ruling Sheikh
Bel | kneikh.
About this item
- Content
This confidential memorandum, printed by the Foreign Office in May 1935 is a report by William John Childs concerning the seven independent Arabian states or autonomous areas. The report contains an introduction that states that the 'purpose of the paper is to give a brief outline each of the seven independent Arabian states', listed on folio 316, 'at the time of the Arab rising against the Turks in June 1916'.
The report is divided into sections covering each state as follows:
- 'The Imamate of Yemen ruled by Imam Yahya [Yaḥyá Muḥammad Ḥamīd al-Dīn]' (folio 316);
- 'The Principate of Asir ruled by the Idrisi [Sayyid Muḥammad bin ‘Alī al-Idrīsi]' (folios 316-317);
- 'The Emirate of Mecca (or the Hejaz) ruled by Husein [Ḥusayn bin ‘Alī al-Hāshimī], Emir and Sherif of Mecca' (folios 317-319);
- 'Emirate of Nejd [Najd] ruled by Ibn Saud [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd], Emir of Riyadh' (folios 319-323);
- 'The Sheikhdom of Koweit [Kuwait] ruled by the Sheikh of Koweit [Mubārak bin Ṣabāḥ]' (folio 323v);
- 'The Emirate of Jebel Shammar [Jabal Shammar] (or Hail [Ḥā’il]) ruled by the Emir of Hail [Sa‘ūd bin ‘Abd al-‘Azīz Āl Rashīd]' (folios 323-324)
- 'Jauf-el-Amir [Jawf al-Amīr, under the rule of Nūrī bin Sha‘lān]' (folio 324v).
A footnote on folio 316 records: 'This memorandum was prepared by the late Mr. William John Childs and found among his papers. A few modifications and additions have been made to bring it up to date'.
- Extent and format
- 1 file (10 folios)
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: The foliation for this description commences at folio 315, and terminates at folio 325, as it is part of a larger physical volume; these numbers are written in pencil, a re circles, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is also present in parallel between folios 4-327; these numbers are also written in pencil, but are not circled, and can be found in the same position as the main sequence.
- Written in
- English in Latin script View the complete information for this record
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'The Seven Independent Arabian States [Yemen, ‘Asir, Hijaz, Najd, Kuwait, Jabal Shammar and al-Jawf]' [184v] (368/680), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/18/B446, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100023898367.0x0000aa> [accessed 26 February 2025]
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- Reference
- IOR/L/PS/18/B446
- Title
- 'The Seven Independent Arabian States [Yemen, ‘Asir, Hijaz, Najd, Kuwait, Jabal Shammar and al-Jawf]'
- Pages
- front, front-i, 2r:315v, 310r, 316v:339v, back-i, back
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence